Emergency Medicine

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A Cross-Sectional Study on Factors Associated with Delayed Hospital Arrival of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Addis Ababa
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-10) Aklilu Belay; Aklilu Azazh
Acute coronary syndrome remains one of the most significant health burdens of society with significant mortality and morbidity. Lack of awareness about the symptoms and non-availability of infrastructure are associated with a delayed presentation to hospital from the the onset of symptoms in different research.
A Cross-Sectional Study on The Accuracy of Focused Cardiac Ultrasound (Focus) Perspective Amongst Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Residents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-01-05) Mesfin Nahom; Temesgen Beyene
Background: The employment by non-cardiologists of Focused Cardiac Ultrasound (FoCUS) to promptly identify the organizational framework of the heart in critically sick patients attracted the first significant amount of public interest in early 90s. It was demonstrated that individuals with potentially life-threatening medical or surgical disorders might benefit from a quick FoCUS conducted by Emergency Physicians (EPs). Objectives: To assess emergency medicine residents’ accuracy of FoCUS interpretation in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) and Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC). Methods: A cross-sectional investigation among TASH and SPHMMC attending Emergency and Critical Care Medicine (ECCM) residents. 80 senior residents partook in the study. Data was obtained utilizing Google Forms and cleaned and analyzed using the 27th version of SPSS. Descriptive statistics were used to study the population's sociodemographic and background characteristics. The study lasted for 5 months from August to December 2023 G.C. by using a structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square and bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression. Results: This study was able to discover that 38 (47.7%) among the respondents were able to accurately identify FoCUS videos provided to them with an average score of 11 and SD of 2.267. Of the 80 senior residents, 73 (91.3%) were able to properly identify collapsing Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) and 72 (90%) of them identified cardiac standstill which were the most correctly identified pathologies and Regional Wall Motion Abnormality (RWMA) was the least correctly identified by 37 (46.3%). Binary logistic regression was performed for the independent factors over the dependent factor, and third-year residents were 12.434-fold likely to accurately identify FoCUS videos compared to second-year residents. [AOR = 12.434, 95% CI (1.189,129.990)]. Conclusion: This study worked on investigating the accuracy of FoCUS among ECCM residents of AAU and SPHMMC. 38 (47.7%) among the respondents were able to accurately identify FoCUS videos. The commonest identified pathologies were collapsing IVC and cardiac standstill and the least identified was RWMA. The independent factor with the most significant effect on the accuracy of the residents was the year of residency.
A Cross-Sectional Study on The Accuracy of Focused Cardiac Ultrasound (Focus) Perspective Amongst Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Residents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-01-05) Nahom Mesfin; Temesgen Beyene
The employment by non-cardiologists of Focused Cardiac Ultrasound (FoCUS) to promptly identify the organizational framework of the heart in critically sick patients attracted the first significant amount of public interest in early 90s. It was demonstrated that individuals with potentially life-threatening medical or surgical disorders might benefit from a quick FoCUS conducted by Emergency Physicians (EPs).
A Single Center Retrospective Cohort Study on Clinical Profile and Short Term Out Come of Rheumatic Heart Disease Patients Presenting with Acute Heart Failure at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-12-07) Amarech Dage; Merahi Kefiyale; Ayenew Amare
Background: The Burden of Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) In Low- And Middle-Income Countries, Including Ethiopia, Remains Significant. Despite This, There Are Limited Retrospective Data on the Clinical Features and Outcomes of Patients with RHD Presenting with AHF In Ethiopia, Particularly at Tertiary Centers Such as Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH). Objectives: To Assess the Clinical Profile and Short-Term Outcomes of RHD Patients Presenting with AHF At TASH. Methods: This Hospital-Based Retrospective Cohort Study Was Conducted At TASH, Addis Ababa. Patients Diagnosed with RHD and After between October 1, 2024 to September 30, 2025 Were Randomly Selected for Enrollment. Data Collection Included Demographic Characteristics, Clinical Features at Admission, Laboratory and Echocardiographic Findings, Treatment, And Outcomes (E.G., Length of Stay, In-Hospital Mortality, And 30-Day Readmission or Death). The New York Heart Association Classification Was Used to Categorize the Functional Status of the Patients. Results: The Median Age of the Cohorts Was 31 Years (IQR 20-39), 57%Were Female, and 50.4% Were Married. 83.7% Of Patients Covered Their Healthcare Costs Out of Pocket. The Median Duration of Symptoms Before Hospital Presentation Was 7days (IQR 5-14). Dyspnea Was the Most Common Presenting Symptom; 47.4% Of Patients Presented in NYHA Class IV And the Most Common Precipitating Factor Identified Was Pneumonia (27.1%); Mitral Valve Involvement Was 97%, Nearly All Patients (99.3%) Received Diuretics. In-Hospital Complications Occurred In 52.8% Of Patients, With Electrolyte Abnormalities Being the Most Common Complication, The Median Length of Stay Was 21 Days (IQR 11-31), 76.3% Of Patients Were Discharged, and 23.7% Died. Conclusion: This Study Shows That RHD Remains a Major Cause of AHF In Young Adults, Often Presenting Late and Experiencing High Complication Rates and Mortality.
A Single Centered Cross Sectional Study on Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude of Emergency Department Staff Towards Future Infectious Disease Outbreak Preparedness: A Study at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-12-01) Ekram Getahun; Merahi Kefyalew; Tigist Worku
Background: Infectious Disease Outbreaks Pose Ongoing Challenges to Global Public Health, Particularly in Low- And Middle-Income Countries with Limited Resources. Emergency Departments (Eds) Are Critical Frontline Units for Early Detection and Management of Outbreaks. The Knowledge and Attitudes of ED Staff Are Essential for Effective Preparedness. At Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) In Addis Ababa, The Recently Restructured ED Has Not Yet Been Evaluated for Outbreak Readiness. Objective: This Study Assessed the Knowledge and Attitudes of ED Staff at TASH Regarding Preparedness for Future Infectious Disease Outbreaks. Methods: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study Was Conducted from July to September 2025 Among Clinical Staff. Stratified Random Sampling Was Used to Include All Staff Categories. Data Were Collected Using a Structured, Self-Administered Questionnaire Adapted from WHO And CDC Guidelines and Analyzed Using Descriptive Statistics In SPSS. Result: Out Of 100 Participants, only 44 Of Them (44%) Demonstrated Good Knowledge (≥80%). 56 Participants Out Of 100 (56%) Scored Below 80%. This Indicates Poor Knowledge. High Knowledge Was Observed in Isolation Practices (93%), Outbreak Leadership (86%), And Infection Prevention (87%). While Gaps Were Identified in Recognition of Airborne Transmission (54%), Correct Use of Personal Protective Equipment (57–77%), Triage Prioritization (64%), Team Coordination, And Certain Isolation Practices (43–72%). Attitudes Toward Outbreak Preparedness Were Generally Positive, with (73%–78%) Expressing Confidence in Managing Infectious Diseases and Supporting Preventive Strategies. However, Notable Concerns Were Reported Regarding PPE Feasibility (24%), Institutional Support (64%), Triage and Isolation Readiness (47%), And Team Coordination (36%). Conclusion: Although ED Staffs at TASH Have Positive Attitudes and Good Knowledge in Some Areas, There Are Critical Gaps in Outbreak Management Skills. Focused Training and Stronger Institutional Support Are Recommended to Improve Preparedness and Ensure Effective Responses to Future Infectious Disease Outbreaks.
Air way and Breathing Management Knowledge and Practice of Nurses Working in Emergency Department of Selected Governmental Hospitals under Health Bureau of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.
(Addis Abeba University, 2021-06) Nigatu Mulachew; Debebe Finot ; Tuli Wagari
Background: Management of airway and breathing is one of the most important initial interventions to save the lives of patients and is a cornerstone of excellent emergency care. The first few minutes after an emergency condition are vital to providing these lifesaving interventions. Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, and practice of nurses regarding airway and breathing management who were working in selected hospitals under Addis Ababa health bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from March to April 30, 2021. Methods: The study used an institutional-based cross-sectional descriptive study with a complete enumeration of all respondents by using the census method during the study period from March to April 30, 2021. A self administered and structured questionnaire was used for collecting data from the respondents. Data quality was controlled by pre-testing the tools and providing training to the data collectors. The SPSS version 26 software was used for analyzing the data. Mean, frequency, binary, and multiple logistic regression analyses were used. Only Pvalue lessthan 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: About 102 respondents were included in this study with a response rate of 98%. Among those, 54(52.9%) were females. Findings from this study showed that 71.57% and 64.71% of the respondents had good knowledge and practice respectively. Being trained in training related to airway and breathing management before was statistically associated with knowledge and practice on both binary and multiple logistic regression at p<0.05. Conclusion and recommendation: This study showed relatively good knowledge and practice of nurses on airway and breathing management. Even though the finding is good, a significant number of participants had poor knowledge and practice. Therefore, it is very crucial to provide training since it was significantly associated with good practice and knowledge
Analysis of the Cause, Classification and Associated Injuries of Pelvic Fracture in Patients Presenting to Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Emergency Department, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa Universty, 2018-07) Worku Kindalem; Engida Hywet
Back ground;The trauma, a world public health problem, has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality, as it affects more than 50 million people today, an aggravated circumstance in urban centers, mainly due to the growing number of vehicles and the aggressiveness in traffic Which cause accidents with high energy and leading to an increase in the number of deaths and injuries.Among the orthopedic traumas, pelvic injuries are considered the third cause of death due to auto accidents; represent 20% to 25% of fractures in poly traumatized patients. However the pattern of pelvic fracture is not known in our setting. Objectives;The purpose of this study was to analyze the cause, classification and associated injuries in pelvic fracture in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia during the time of september1, 2016 – September 1, 2017. Methodology:A Retrospectivedescriptive study was conducted on 60 patients who were admitted to adult emergency medicine department of Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Ababa university, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia with a diagnosis of pelvic fracture during the study period. The data were collected using structured pretested data collection tools and analyzed using SPSS for windows version 21.0. Results:From total of sixty patients enrolled in study thirty five patients were males (58.33%) and twenty five patients were females (41.67%).Age ranges from 13-75 years with a mean of 31.3 years (SD ± 14.8) and mode and median of 22 and 25.5years respectively. There were 2 deaths in this study 2/60(3.3%) both of them were in the ICU. Conclusion:In the data presented in this study 39/60 (65%) of hospitalized pelvic fractures were caused by transport accidents, and the mean length of stay is 11.3,7 and 13 days in Tile A, Tile B and Tile C respectively.
Analysis of the Cause, Classification and Associated Injuries of Pelvic Fracture in Patients Pressing to Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Emergency Department, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia.
(Addis Abeba University, 2018-07) Worku Kindalem; Engida Hywet; Zewdu Tigist
Back ground; The trauma, a world public health problem, has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality, as it affects more than 50 million people today, an aggravated circumstance in urban centers, mainly due to the growing number of vehicles and the aggressiveness in traffic Which cause accidents with high energy and leading to an increase in the number of deaths and injuries.Among the orthopedic traumas, pelvic injuries are considered the third cause of death due to auto accidents; represent 20% to 25% of fractures in poly traumatized patients.However the pattern of pelvic fracture is not known in our setting. Objectives;The purpose of this study was to analyze the cause, classification and associated injuries in pelvic fracture in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia during the time of september1, 2016 – September 1, 2017. Methodology: A Retrospectivedescriptive study was conducted on 60 patients who were admitted to adult emergency medicine department of Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Ababa university, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia with a diagnosis of pelvic fracture during the study period. The data were collected using structured pretested data collection tools and analyzed using SPSS for windows version 21.0. Results:From total of sixty patients enrolled in study thirty five patients were males (58.33%) and twenty five patients were females (41.67%).Age ranges from 13-75 years with a mean of 31.3 years (SD ± 14.8) and mode and median of 22 and 25.5years respectively. There were 2 deaths in this study 2/60(3.3%) both of them were in the ICU. Conclusion:In the data presented in this study 39/60 (65%) of hospitalized pelvic fractures were caused by transport accidents, and the mean length of stay is 11.3,7 and 13 days in Tile A, Tile B and Tile C respectively.
Appropriateness of Antimicrobial Therapy and Associated Factors at Zewditu Memorial Hospital Inpatient Setting: Retrospective Cross-Sectional study
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-12-23) Tsion Tinsae; Bitania D
Misuse and unnecessary antimicrobial therapy is becoming more widespread and results in antimicrobial resistance all over the world. Despite this, antibiotics are being used inappropriately specially in the inpatient setting.
Assesment of Knowledge and Practice of Adult Intensive Care Unit Nurses and their Barriers on Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Management in Selected Public Hospitals
(Addis Ababa University, 2017-01) Gashaw Linda; Debebe Finote
Background: Pressure ulcer is localized tissue necrosis that commonly develops on a bony prominence areas when soft tissue compressed for prolonged period of time. Critically ill patients are considered to be at greatest risk for pressure ulcer development. So that, nurses are the first line health professionals to provide adequate care. Objectives: To assess knowledge and practice of Adult Intensive care Unit nurses and their barriers towards pressure ulcer prevention and management in selected public Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2017. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out among (N=128) Adult Intensive care Unit nurses in six selected public Hospitals. Simple random Sampling techniques was used to select sample hospitals in order to find research participants. In addition standardized questionnaire was used to collect data. Result: The study findings showed that the level of nurses’ knowledge regarding pressure ulcer prevention and management was good(Mean=18.52, SD+2.686), while the level of nurses ’practice was poor (Mean=12.39, SD+4.70924).Shortage of pressure relieving devices, inadequate training and education and presence of other priorities other than pressure ulcers were majorly cited barriers to carry out PrU care efficiently. The nurses’ knowledge has association(AOR= 2.499, p value = 0.028) with training but not with their practice and barriers. In addition nurses’ practice has significant association with barriers. Conclusions: In general, the study results indicates that nurses have good knowledge of PR prevention and management but accounts poor practice. As a result, the study recommends for the provision of in-service training and fulfillment of proper equipment's for AICU nurses and unit. The study finding implies the need for further researches and it will be used as point of reference. Keywords: Pressure ulcer, Knowledge, Practice, Barriers
Assesment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of First Aid Associated with Fighting Accidents Among Community Police Officers in Addis Abeba City, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Tafere Tiruneh; Azazh Aklilu
Introduction: In Ethiopia at the national level Pre-hospital comprehensive emergency medicalsystem is practically non-existent, With regards to making Addis Ababa a model city in emergency medical service system, memorandum of understanding has been signed betweenimportant stake holders, One of very important member of the task force is Addis Ababa police commission which could have a different strategy in violence and injury prevention. Law enforcement officers are frequently the first responders to incidents that involve seriouspersonal injury to situations that require balancing both tactical and medical issues. With a minimum of knowledge and training, officers can take essential first steps that often make the difference in a victim’s ability to survive. Objective: To assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice to wards first aid related to fighting accidents among community police officers in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia, April, 2017. Methodology: A cross-sectional quantitative study was done among community police officers working in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia from December 2016 to June 2017, using a cluster sampling method 128 community police officers of the city was participated for answering questioners. Data was analysed using spss version 21.0 and lastly presented using tables and graphs. Result: Participants were 110 (85.9%) male and 18(14.1%) female with an average age of 28 ±7.42(SD) with a range from 20 to 49 years. Fifty and one (39.8%) were trained previously on first aid from different institution. Twenty nine (22.65%) respondents pointed all possible sign of airway problems related to accidents and One hundred and eighteen (92.2%) had impression and will to give first aid immediately for fighting victims but some of them are uncertain. Most participant’s first action during first aid was only transfer to near hospital. Conclusion and recommendation: This study identified what is known, believed and done of first aid by study population related to fighting accident, and showed that there was gap on knowledge of assessment and management of air way problems and this far speculate lack ofexperience of identifying airway problem. On the other hand respondents have a positive believe and will related to application of first aid at scene. Adjacently this study makes recommendation towards referred would be providing continues comprehensive training for ever-changing first aid activities. This will be done further in collaboration with governmental and non-governmental embodies.
Assesment of Patterns and Outcomes of Chest Injury among Adult Patients Received Trauma Care at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethhiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) W/Giorgis Ermiyas; Zewdu Tigist
Introduction: Globally, injury continues to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality both in the developed and developing countries. It is the major public health problem in every country across the world and causing approximately 5.8 million deaths per year. The Chest trauma is a disease that has worsened long with growing urbanization and industrialization; due to worldwide increases in violence, constructions and vehicle number. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the patterns and outcomes of chest injuries among adult patients admitted with chest trauma in Tikur Anbessa specialized teaching hospital (TASTH) over one year period between January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016. Methods and Materials: Hospital based retrospective descriptive cross- sectional study designs were used to assess magnitude and outcomes of chest injury among patients admitted to TASTH. The collected data were to Epi data software version 3.3.1. Then, the entered data was exported to SPSS, version 21 for analyses. Descriptive statistics was used to present the results. Logistic regression was used to determine association between dependent and independent variables.Association between variables was taken as statistically significant for all variables resulted in p-value of <0.05 on multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 192 chest injury patients were treated at TASTH. Fifty three of them were died during treatment. Age [AOR 8.9(95% CI, 1.51-53.24)], time of presentation to hospital after injury [AOR 4.6(95% CI, 1.19-18.00)], Length of stay in hospital [AOR 0.12(95% CI, 0.02-0.58)], presence of extra-thoracic associated body region injury [AOR 25(95% CI, 4.18-150.02)]and development of complications [AOR 23(95% CI, 10-550)] were determinant of mortality in the present study. Conclusions and recommendations: Chest trauma predominantly affects the male and economically productive age group with high morbidity and mortality in this environment. Road traffic accident was the leading cause of chest trauma in this study outcome. The study calls forearly recognition and management of complications, awareness creations to society on their health seeking behavior, adequate provision of ambulance service and road traffic accidents prevention to reduce the morbidity and mortality resulting from chest injuries. Key Words: Injuries, Chest injuries, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital, Ethiopia
Assesment of Prevalence and Pattern of Medication Prescription for Bronchial Asthma, at Adult Emergency Department of Tikur Anbesa Specialsed Hospital
(Addis Ababa University, 2015-07) Mulat Tadele; Girma Biruk
Background;Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways.Asthma imposes a large burden on the individual and on health care systems.(1) Currently,asthma prevalence is approximately 10%-13%globaly.(1) WHO estimates globally,300million are suffering with bronchial asthma with approximately 25,000 asthma related annual death.(6) in Africa estimated that a prevalence of 11.7% for asthma.(2) Objective; The main objective of this study was assessing the prevalence of bronchial asthma and pattern of medication prescription for bronchial asthma on adult patients visiting adult emergency department of TIKUR ANBESA SPECIALISED HOSPITAL from November 1-2012 to November 1-2014 according to national asthma prevention and education programme (NAEPP)and global initiative for asthma management(GINA). Method; this study was descriptive, crossectional, retrospective study. It was conducted in January to February 2015 in adult emergency department of Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital.The necessary data was collected from record of the patient who visited from November 1-2012 to November 1-2014. RESULT, 78(52.7%) were males giving a male to female ratio of 1.11 to 1. the prevalence of bronchial asthma was 1.04% with severity of 65(43.9%) moderate, 62(41.9%) were mild, and 21(14.2%) severe. 136(91.9%) had wheezing, 131(88.5%) dyspnea, 125(84.5%) cough, Conclusion,There was low prevalence of bronchial asthma in the emergency department with no difference in sex. Wheezing and Cough were the predominant symptoms and signs seen. Treating and managing patients with accordance to GINA is low. Patients who took low dose SABA were 78(52.7%), medium dose 64(43.2%), high dose 5(3.4%), systemic CS97(65.5%), oxygen 122 (84.4%), adjective therapy 34(23.0%). Recommendation, Health authorities of the country should ensure the availability of nationally appropriate asthma management guidelines.0-86
Assessement of Acute Stress Disorder and Associated Factors among Adult Trauma Patients in AaBET Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-06-05) Degsew Yirsaw; Heyria Hussein
Trauma is a term that describes physical suffering or injury as a result of an external force or events, such as falls, sexual assault, natural disasters, or road traffic accidents. As a result, trauma leads to a psychological and emotional reactions that arises from experiencing or witnessing traumatic events. Acute stress disorder is a mental disorder that happens after someone experiences a traumatic event within less than a month. Despite the high burden of this problem, very little is known about the prevalence and risk factors for acute stress disorder in adults with traumatic injuries in AaBET hospital
Assessement of Acute Stress Disorder and Associated Factors among Adult Trauma Patients in AaBET Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-06-15) Degsew Yirsaw; Selamawit Alemayehu
Trauma is a term that describes physical suffering or injury as a result of an external force or events, such as falls, sexual assault, natural disasters, or road traffic accidents. As a result, trauma leads to a psychological and emotional reactions that arises from experiencing or witnessing traumatic events. Acute stress disorder is a mental disorder that happens after someone experiences a traumatic event within less than a month. Despite the high burden of this problem, very little is known about the prevalence and risk factors for acute stress disorder in adults with traumatic injuries in AaBET hospital
Assessement of Emergency Care Capacity of Dilla Univerisity Referal Teaching Zonal Hospital Emergency Department, Dilla University Referral Teaching Hospital, Snnpr,Ethiopia,2017
(Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Feleke Asresu; Azazh Aklilu
Background; Ethiopian Federal ministry of health has published hospital transformation guidelines which contains lists of essential emergency equipment, supplies, drugs and Human resources (Clinical & non-clinical) necessary to provide service in emergency care area. Also Good opportunity made from FMOH to improve access to health service provision by expanding or constructing new facilities buildings to deliver quality care for communities.Additionally FMOH examining challenges and providing chance to local level to address the gap in the whole parts of Ethiopia. Objective; The objective of the study was to assess Emergency care capacity of DillaUniversity Referral teaching hospital, Gedeo zone ,SNNPR, Ethiopia. Methods: Descriptive Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted from January 09 to June 07, 2017. This study was conducted at DURTH using Emergency and Trauma Services Resources Assessment Tool for Ethiopia. This assessment tool was modified from the general (ESRAT) to (ETSRAT-Ethiopia) by Emergency and critical care directorate inFMOH. Data was entered in excel, results of the study was organized and presented using tables, and; the following statistical analysis was considered .Such as Frequency, percentage. Results : The study demonstrated that emergency care capacity findings were ; nearly 67?%of emergency care personnel, and 70% of emergency medicine were available in the hospital,but only 43% emergency drugs were available in emergency care area. 36% over all emergency equipment indicator, 21% of emergency care supply, 75% of emergency care area laboratory indicator & 88% of system (routine) indicator were available in emergency unit of DURTH. Conclusion & Recommendation; The findings reveal extreme deficiency of essential emergency equipment, supplies & drugs. Additionally there were shortage of emergency care health personnel & lack of job specific training. Therefore Dilla Hospital stakeholders should take measure to fill the above listed gaps. In Addition, FMOH & appropriate stakeholdersshould assist to fulfill the gap
Assessement of Knowledge and Practice of Obstetric Care Providers Toward Active Management of Third Stage of Labor at Public Health Centers in the Towns of Finfine Area Special Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Nigussie Dejene; Debebe Finot
sub-Saharan Africa. P ostpartum he morrhage c an b e m inimized a nd pr evented b y a pplication of a pr otocol known as active management of third stage of labor. Proportion of deliveries assisted by a skilled birth at tendant and antenatal c are co verage h ave b een u sed as a k ey proxy i ndicator f or monitoring global p rogress to wards d ecreasing m aternal mo rtality. However, t hese t wo indicators may not reflect the content or quality of the care provider. Objective; The o bjective o f t his s tudy i s t o as sess K nowledge an d p ractice o f o bstetric ca re providers t oward active m anagement of t hird s tage of l abour (AMTSL) at h ealth c enters o f Finfine area special zone of Oromia regional state, Ethiopia from April to May 2017 Methods and materials; Institutional ba sed d escriptive c ross s ectional s tudy de sign w as implemented. Whole health cen ters i n s elected t owns w ere i ncluded to th e s tudy w ith 118 obstetric care providers from all health centers. Interviewer-administered structure questionnaire and observation by using observational check list was employed. Data was entered using EpidataV.3.1 and exported to SPSS version 21.0 f or statistical analyses. Descriptive statistical analysis was u sed to p resent d ata w hile lo gistic r egression w ere us ed t o de termine a ssociation of independent variables with practice of obstetrics care providers. Results: Adequate know ledge on A MTSL was a chieved b y 40.7% of ob stetrics care providers while good practice on AMTSL was achieved by 18.6% of them. Sex, pre or in service training, access to reading materials and knowledge levels of obstetrics care providers were among factors that affects their practice on AMTSL. Conclusions and recommendations: The overall know ledge and pr actice of obs tetric c are providers on A MTSL in the present study were not satisfactory. In views of the findings of this study, it imp lies th at th e p ractice o f o bstetric c are p roviders w as mu ch lo wer th an th eir knowledge of AMTSL. The investigator calls for immediate interventions. Key Word; Knowledge, p ractice, A ctive m anagement o f t hird s tage of l abour, pos tpartum hemorrhage,Ethiopia
Assessement of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of First Aid Service Provision Associated with Road Trafic Accidents Among Taxi Drivers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Getahun Neway; Bacha Tigist
BACKGROUND In Ethiopia traumatic injuries are one cause of morbidity and mortality. The largest proportion of serious injuries in Ethiopia comes from road traffic accidents; they have become one of the major national health burdens. According to our observation in Ethiopia most of the trauma victim of motor traffic accident is being handled by taxi driver, however limited first aid knowledge of first aid care have been observed from the taxi driver. Objective: To assess Knowledge, attitude, and practices of first aid service provision associated with road traffic accident among taxi drivers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: - cross-sectional study was carried out among Taxi drivers in Addis Ababa Ethiopia.A Multistage sampling technique was usedon400taxidrivers The questionnaires were first prepared in English then it was translated to Amharic.To check the validity of the questionnaires, a pilot test wasconducted. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires to taxi driver. SPSS version 20 was used for data entry and analysis. RESULT:-All participants were males. 345(86.3%345) were not trained first aid before. 50 %( n=200) u n d er s t ood t h a t, first a i d d u r i n g RTA given by taxi drivers. Participants were asked to prioritize first aid concepts but only 126(31.5%) taxi drivers were correctly reply and seeing that breathing maintenance as first aider. 95.5% (n=382)had interest to train first aid. 22.3% (n=89) were responded as application of alcohol is important to stop severe on-going bleeding. Only 39.5 %( n=158) participants a t t e n d e d to RTA victim. CONCLUSION:-Taxi drivers who participated in this study had considerable knowledge, attitude and skill gaps.This had seriousimplicationin increasing preventablemortalities and disabilities caused by road traffic accidents so that first aid training and preparing guidelines that will assist the taxi drivers to perform his immediate lifesaving activities thoroughly and effectively is mandatory
Assessement of Prevalence and out Come of Snake Bite among Patients Attending at Abdurafie Town A Govrnmental Health Center and Msf (NGO‘S) North West;Gondar, Ethiopia,2014 Gc
(Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Zewdu Yemataw; Azazh Aklilu
Background:-Snake bite is found in worldwide that environmental and occupational hazard causes a potential life threatening medical emergency and, it needs high priority assessment and treatment. It is agreater burden in low and middle income country. Globally snakebites (envenoming‘s) is a substantial cause of mortality and morbidity across all age groups. The incidence has been estimated as 500,000 and mortality reaches up to 125,000. The largest numbers of fatal snakebites occur in South Asia and Africa. In South Asia, there are 30,000–50,000 deaths each year and in India With approximately 10,000 deaths occurring snake bite per year(1). Objective:-To assess the prevalence and the outcomes of snakebite patients attending at Abdurafie town a governmental Health center and MSF Holland, From January 2011-December2014 GC. North West; Gondar,Ethiopia. Methods and materials:- Institutional based retrospective; descriptive, cross-sectional study design will be conducted at Abdurafie town Health facilities North West, Gondar, Ethiopia; from January 2011 to December 2014 . All Snake bite patients who fulfill inclusion criteria that complete medical record registrations and visited during the study period. Data were collected by using prepared observational checklist through reviewing of patient chart. The collected data were encoded to Microsoft Excel and analyzed( SPSS) version 20.0.Frequency were generated and used binary logistic regression and chi squaretest the association between categorical variables. RESULT:-Predominantly males 408/358 (87.7%) were as 12.3% females affected .Majority of the victims attacks at the age groups of 21-30 (48.8%); 94.6% Urban areas peoples who had predominantly affected. 283 (64.9%) and 74 (18.1 %) were bitten outdoors and bitten indoors respectively.The lower limb frequently bite 57.8%) followed by the upper limb 31.1%.Among those poisonous snake bite 86.0% were 69.9 % received polyvalent Anti snake venom (ASV).The incidence of snake bite patients and 17.6% were referred to higher hospital. high; majority 74.0% patients improved and discharged, The mortality rate of snake bite patients were very high 4.9%.However three case(0.3%) corrective finger amputations were done. Conclusion:-A high prevalence of snake bites with high morbidity and mortality especially among the very active fertile youth segment in Abdurafie town a governmental health center and MSF NGO‘S,North West; Gondar,Ethiopia. Key words:- prevalence ,Snake bite, anti snake venom, envenomation, squeals, Abdurafi Town
Assessing Sedation Practice in Critically Ill Patients Among ICU In TASH, A Prospective Observational Study
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-12-07) Yafet Solomon; Finot Debebe
Background: Sedation is an Essential Component of Care for Mechanically Ventilated ICU Patients, Aimed at Ensuring Comfort, and Safety. Evidence-Based Guidelines Recommend Light, Protocolized Sedation with Routine Use of Validated Assessment Tools. However, Adherence to These Practices Remains Variable in Low-Resource Settings, Contributing to Suboptimal Outcomes. Object: -This Study Evaluated Sedation Practices, Monitoring Patterns, and Associated Outcomes in an ICU Patient. Methods: A Cross-Sectional Review of ICU Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation Was Conducted. Demographic Characteristics, Sedative Agents Used, Sedation Monitoring Methods, And Sedation-Related Outcomes were Analyzed. Findings were Interpreted in Relation to International Guidelines and Recent Literature on Protocolized Sedation Strategies. Results: The ICU Cohort Consisted Predominantly of Young to Middle-Aged Adults (14–45 Years: 61.2%) and Males (63.9%). Respiratory Failure, ARDS, and Neurological Conditions were the Most Common Reasons for ICU Admission. Ketamine was the Most Frequently Used Sedative Agent (25%), Followed by Propofol (16.7%) And Ketofol (13.9%), with Doses Within Accepted Therapeutic Ranges. Continuous Infusions were Used in 36.1% of Cases, and Light Sedation Targets (RASS –2 To 0) Were Applied in 30.6% of patients. However, Substantial Gaps in Monitoring were Identified: Only 40.3% Had Documented Sedation Scale Assessments, and Daily Sedation Interruption Was Performed in Just 6.9%. Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation (≥3 Days in 86.1%), Extended ICU Stays, and High 30-Day Mortality (55.6%) were Observed. Delirium and Sedation-Related Complications were Rarely Documented, Likely Reflecting Under Assessment. Conclusion: Sedation Practices in This ICU Setting Are Characterized by Acceptable Choice of Sedative Agents but Significant Deficiencies in Monitoring, Documentation, and Protocol Adherence. Limited use of Sedation Scales and Daily Interruption May Contribute to Prolonged Ventilation and poor Outcomes.

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