AAU Institutional Repository (AAU-ETD)
Addis Ababa University Institutional repository is an open access repository that collects,preserves, and disseminates scholarly outputs of the university. AAU-ETD archives' collection of master's theses, doctoral dissertations and preprints showcase the wide range of academic research undertaken by AAU students over the course of the University's long history.
How to Submit Your Work
The repository contains scholarly work, both unpublished and published, by current or former AAU faculty, staff, and students, including Works by AAU students as part of their masters, doctoral, or post-doctoral research
- All AAU faculty, staff, and students are invited to submit their work to the repository. Please contact the library at your college.
You may contact digirep@aau.edu.et.with any questions about the repository
Colleges,Institutes in AAU-ETD
Select a college,institute to browse its collections.
Recent Submissions
Legal Framework for Bank Acquisition of Immovable Assets Following Failed Second Auction: Valuation Standards and Regulatory Gaps in Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-06-01) Lemlem Birhanu; Zekarias Keneaa
This research analyzes the legal framework governing the valuation and acquisition of immovable assets by Ethiopian banks, in particular focusing on circumstances where a second auction for distressed assets has failed. The study critically assess existing laws, regulations, and directives that dictate the processes of asset valuation, bid pricing, and eventual transfer of ownership to banks when conventional auction mechanisms prove unsuccessful. This research aims to identify potential gaps, inconsistencies, or ambiguities within the current legal provisions that may hinder efficient resolution of non-performing loans and the effective recovery of bank capital. Through doctrinal methodology analysis of these legal instruments, the research look to identify systemic challenges presented by the current framework and to propose recommendations for policy reforms that could streamline the asset recovery process, improve financial stability, and foster a more efficient secondary market for non-performing assets market in Ethiopia, characterized by increased transparency, liquidity, and investor confidence
Incentives to Compliant Taxpayers Under Ethiopian Tax Laws: Legal and Practical Analysis
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-05-01) Serkalem Assefa; Achalewu Ashagire
This paper critically examines whether the tax laws currently in place in Ethiopia incentivize compliant taxpayers, analyzing both their legal framework and practical implementation. Although tax compliance is vital for increasing domestic revenue and promoting national development, incentivizing compliance through granting positive rewards is a relatively underexplored area in Ethiopia. The current legal regime in Ethiopia including the Federal Income tax, Federal Tax Administration Proclamations, Customs proclamation, and Excise Tax Proclamation demonstrated to be inadequate to effectively incentivize compliant taxpayers. These regulations don’t provide a framework that addresses incentives for compliant taxpayers to promote voluntary compliance. Through doctrinal legal analysis and practical evaluation supported by questioner and interview with stakeholders, the research identifies the absence of detailed provisions and a coherent enforcement mechanism undermines the effectiveness of compliant taxpayers’ incentive scheme. To address these gaps, the author recommends that Ethiopia shall re assess its tax law legal framework to ensure that tax compliance is not only enforced but also rewarded in a meaning full manner with a view to promote voluntary tax compliance which will reduce the cost of tax administration
Legal and Policy Framework on Gender Based Violence Among Women in IDP Camps in Ethiopia: Comparative Analysis
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-11-01) Abysia Aboneh; Wondemagegn Tadesse
This research investigates Gender-Based Violence (GBV) against women in Internally Displaced
Persons (IDP) camps in Ethiopia, with a comparative analysis of legal frameworks and human
rights principles. Ethiopia, with over 4.5 million IDPs, faces significant challenges in protecting
displaced women from GBV due to weak legal implementation and inadequate services. Despite
ratifying key international conventions, the country lacks specific policies to address the unique
needs of IDP women. This study employs a qualitative methodology, including a comprehensive
literature review of laws, conventions, reports, and scholarly articles, focusing on Ethiopia's
context while also comparing it with the Central African Republic (CAR) and Nigeria. The
research reveals that IDP women in Ethiopia are particularly vulnerable to GBV due to systemic
issues such as the breakdown of community structures, limited access to services, and inadequate
legal protections. The study examines the effectiveness of Ethiopia's existing legal frameworks,
including its adherence to international human rights standards, and highlights the persistent gaps
and barriers faced by women in IDP camps. By comparing Ethiopia's experience with that of
CAR and Nigeria, the research identifies common challenges and successful strategies in
addressing GBV. This comparative analysis provides insights into how different legal and sociopolitical
contexts impact GBV protections and offers recommendations for improving Ethiopia's
approach to safeguarding IDP women. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive,
gender-sensitive policies and enhanced coordination among stakeholders to address GBV
effectively. The study commends to inform policy improvements, raise awareness about the
rights of IDP women, and contribute to the development of more effective legal and protective
measures against GBV in displacement settings
Assessment of Vitamin D Deficiency and Associated Factors Among Antenatal Care Attending Pregnant Women in Selected Health Centers of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024.
(Addis Ababa University, 2025) Getachew Wolde; Mistire Wolde; Gobena Dedefo; Mekdes Alem
Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a global health concern, linked to various pregnancy complications and long-term health risks. It is a typical issue during pregnancy, which can have detrimental effects on the developing fetus, the newborn, and the child. Despite its importance, there is a scarcity of data regarding Vitamin D levels and the factors influencing these levels among pregnant women in Ethiopia.
Objective: This study aimed to assess Vitamin D deficiency and associated factors among antenatal care attending pregnant women in selected health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024.
Methodology: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 to June 7 2024 among a randomly selected 402 first-trimester pregnant women attending antenatal care services. Sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical data were collected through semi-structured questioners. Five (5) ml of blood sample was collected for Laboratory analysis, and Vitamin-D measurement was done by using Cobas Integra e411 chemistry analyzer. The collected data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 26 software, and logistic regression model was used to identify the associated factor and P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Result: In the current study prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<20ng/ml) among the first trimester pregnant women were 43.3%, and from this 4.5% were severely deficient (<10ng/ml). The odds of having vitamin D deficiency was higher among participants with BMI of ≥30 (AOR = 6.9, 95% CI: 2.9-16.3, p<0.001) and BMI of 25-30 (AOR=6.75, 95%CI: 3.4 13.3, p<0.001). Who never ate Fish (AOR = 8.5, 95% CI: 4.5–16.2, p < 0.001) and Egg (AOR = 15.6, 95% CI: 5.1–27.9, p <0.001) and also being Multiparous (AOR=3.2, 95% CI: 1.6 6.5, p<0.001). However, Pregnant women who regularly consumed liver were 69% less likely to develop Vitamin D deficiency (AOR = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.16–0.59, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The current study found VDD is highly prevalent in the study population. Different factors such as overweight, obesity, and being multiparous increases the risk of vitamin D deficiency and regular consumption of fish, egg and liver and also exposing >30% the total body surface area to sunlight were greatly associated with lower risk of developing Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women.
Magnitude, clinical profile and associated factors of childhood and adolescence vitiligo
(Addis Ababa Uinverstiy, 2025) Bizuayehu Goshime; Messay Tesfaye; Miheretu Woldeyes
Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune depigmenting disorder that significantly impacts
quality of life, especially in children and adolescents. Although studies from other regions indicate
varying prevalence and clinical patterns, there is scarce data on the epidemiology and clinical
profile of childhood vitiligo in Ethiopia, particularly from tertiary referral centers.
Objective: To assess the magnitude, clinical profile, and associated factors of childhood and
adolescent vitiligo at ALERT Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to October 2025. All
children under 18 years diagnosed with vitiligo were consecutively enrolled. Data on socio demographics, clinical features, family history, and treatment were collected using a structured
questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were computed using SPSS version 27.
Results: Among 1,694 pediatric dermatology patients, 61 were diagnosed with vitiligo, giving a
prevalence of 3.6%. The mean age was 9.28 ± 3.80 years, with a female predominance (65.6%).
The duration of vitiligo at presentation ranged from 1 to 84 months, with a mean of 25.61 ± 20.51
months. Vitiligo vulgaris (44.3%) was the most common subtype, followed by mucosal vitiligo
(29.5%). The head and neck region was the most frequent initial site (45.9%). (14.7%) had a
positive family history, and trauma was most common (8.2%) precipitating factor. Familial atopy
was reported in 6.6% of cases.
Conclusion: Vitiligo constituted a significant proportion (3.6%) of pediatric dermatology cases,
highlighting its relative frequency in children. It mainly affected school-aged children, with a
female predominance. Delayed presentation was common, indicating possible barriers to early
care. Vitiligo vulgaris was the most prevalent subtype, and the head and neck were the most
commonly involved initial sites. The presence of family history, trauma, and familial atopy
suggests a role of genetic and environmental factors. Early diagnosis and appropriate
management are crucial to limit disease progression and psychosocial impact, underscoring the
need for heightened clinical awareness and tailored management strategies for childhood vitiligo
in Ethiopia