AAU Institutional Repository (AAU-ETD)
Addis Ababa University Institutional repository is an open access repository that collects,preserves, and disseminates scholarly outputs of the university. AAU-ETD archives' collection of master's theses, doctoral dissertations and preprints showcase the wide range of academic research undertaken by AAU students over the course of the University's long history.
How to Submit Your Work
The repository contains scholarly work, both unpublished and published, by current or former AAU faculty, staff, and students, including Works by AAU students as part of their masters, doctoral, or post-doctoral research
- All AAU faculty, staff, and students are invited to submit their work to the repository. Please contact the library at your college.
You may contact digirep@aau.edu.et.with any questions about the repository
Colleges,Institutes in AAU-ETD
Select a college,institute to browse its collections.
Recent Submissions
Effects of Water Melon (Citrullus lanatus) and Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) Seeds and Their Mixture as Feed Additives on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Hematological Constituents of Broiler Chickens
(Addis Abeba University, 2026) Betelehem Mengistu; Ewonetu Kebede
This study evalauted the effects of feeding diets, containing seeds of water-melon, pumpkin and their combination on the growth perforamance, carcass characteristics, hematological indices, mortality and economic returns of broiler chicken production. 180 day-old Hubbard broiler chicks were divided into four treatment groups at random: T1 (control, 0% seeds), T2 (1% watermelon seeds), T3 (1% pumpkin seeds), and T4 (0.5% watermelon plus 0.5% pumpkin seeds). The trial lasted for forty-two days. The results demonstrated that although phase-dependent variations were observed, feed intake and growth performance were not significantly affected by dietary manipulations (P > 0.05). Birds of which fed on T4 gained less weight during the growth phase, but their feed conversion ratio improved during the finisher phase. While other carcass components were unaltered, supplementing with pumpkin seeds (T3) ignificantly enhanced live weight, dressed carcass weight, and breast muscle yield (P < 0.05). Packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration, total erythrocyte count, and total leukocyte count were among the hematological parameters that were considerably higher in the supplemented groups (P < 0.01), indicating better immunological and oxygen transport. Treatments had little effect on the low mortality rate (3.47%). Due to increased feed efficiency and marketable weight, T3 produced the best net income per bird, according to economic research. In conclusion, adding 1% of pumpkin seeds and the seeds mixture to feed can be a safe, natural, and economical way to enhance the physiological health, carcass quality, and profitability of broiler production.
Study on Isolation and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Campylobacter from Diarrheic Human Patients, Poultry, And Environmental Sources along Assessment of Poultry Biosecurity in Bishoftu, Central Ethiopia.
(Addis Abeba University, 2026) : Getachew Shelfa; Olana Merera; Dinaol Belina
Campylobacteriosis is one of the main causes of foodborne bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, with poultry acting as the principal reservoir. Even though, it is actively circulating across the human, poultry, and environmental interface, with poor biosecurity practices the coordinated surveillance is lacked. Accordingly, the cross-sectional study was conducted in Bishoftu city, Ethiopia, from October 2025 to May 2026 to isolate and identify Campylobacter from diarrheic human patients, poultry, and environmental water sources, determine the antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates, and assess community biosecurity practices. In total, 380 samples were obtained, including 140 diarrheal samples, 180 chicken cloacal swabs, and 60 environmental water samples. Isolation was done on
mCCDA under microaerophilic conditions at 42°C, and the isolates were then confirmed using biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the KirbyBauer disk diffusion method with 5% of defibirinated horse blood against twelve antimicrobial agents for twenty one isolates. Its overall prevalence is 10.78%, with sourcespecific prevalence’s of 5% in human patients, 15.6% in chicken cloacal swabs, and 10.0% in environmental water samples. Important risk factors for human infection included direct contact with animals (χ² = 46.93), age (χ² = 18.42,), irregular handwashing after latrine use, and eating undercooked meat, all having significant p value. At the farm level, the absence of rodent control (χ² = 16.62) and the lack of regular cleaning and disinfection (χ² = 4.77) with significant p-value were the strongest predictors of poultry colonization. Among 21 isolates tested for susceptibility, highest resistance were cephalothin, erythromycin, tetracycline, Cotrimoxazole, Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and Ciprofloxacin with resistance profile of 100%, 71.4%, 71.4%, 66.7%, 61.9% and 42.9% respectively, whereas the highest susceptible rate of isolates were nalidixic acid (100%) and meropenem (76.2%) . MDR was identified in 85.7%(18/21) of isolates, with most showing resistance to four to five antimicrobial classes across three sampling source. These findings highlight the urgent need for integrated One Health interventions that include stronger farm biosecurity, prudent antimicrobial stewardship in animal production, and Implementing targeted community health education in the study area.
Mathematics Anxiety and its Impact on Students’ Achievement: With Specific Reference to Grade Nine Students of East Shoa Zone in Oromia Region
(Addis ababa University, 2026-04-20) Aweke Shishigu; Solomon Areaya
This study was aimed to examine the impact of mathematics anxiety on achievement. It was also
focused on examining gender difference in mathematics anxiety as well as mathematics
achievement. The study was conducted on five randomly selected public high schools of East
Shoa zone. Subjects included 370 students, 184 male and 186 female. Math anxiety was
measured using both the English version of Math Anxiety Rating Scale (MARS) and the Oromic
version of math anxiety rating scale (MARS). The instrument used to measure achievement was
the Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT), which was developed by the researcher. To
accomplish the goal of this study, a quantitative study which was a survey study was used and a
path analysis model was used to investigate the direct and indirect effect of each predictor
variable on the criterion variable. The finding revealed that there was a significant negative
correlation between mathematics anxiety and achievement (r = -0.250, p < 0. 01). Revealing
that students who have high mathematics anxiety tended to perform poorly on mathematics
achievement. However, those who have low mathematics anxiety tended to score high in
mathematics achievement. There was a significant gender difference in mathematics anxiety (df
= 368, t= -3.258, p < 0.01); showing that female students’ are more anxious about mathematics
than male. There was also a significant gender difference in mathematics achievement (df =368,
t = 5.151, p < 0 .01). Generally, the result of the study shows that male students are superior in
all variables treated in the study. Moreover, the result of the study reveal that grade nine
students’ math anxiety level is at a moderate level. The result of path analysis shows that prior
math achievement, sex, affective subscale and avoidance subscale were the most influential
causes for mathematics achievement. While affective subscales, cognitive subscales and
avoidance subscales were the causes of mathematics anxiety. Moreover, prior math achievement
had a stronger direct effect on mathematics achievement than did any of the variables in the
study, while affective subscale had a stronger direct effect on mathematics anxiety than did any
of the other two subscales.
Effects of Jigsaw Teamwork as Active Learning Approach on Grade 9 Students’ Interest and Performance in Physical Education class at Edget Chora Secondary School Yeka Sub-City Addis Ababa
(Addis Ababa University, 2016-09-01) G/medhin Hailu; Bezabih Welde
The purpose of this study was to investigate the Effects of Jigsaw Teamwork as Active Learning Approach on Grade 9 Students’ Interest and Performance in Physical Education Class. A mixed method approach specifically quasi-experimental design test, focus group discussion and observation were used to collect data. The study was conducted in one secondary school by comparing the performance of learners in physical education class taught through jigsaw teamwork as active learning approach with that of learners taught through traditional (teacher-centered) teaching method. Two grade 9 classes consisted of 102 students were divided into experimental and control groups holding 52 and 50 students respectively selected using purposive sampling method. The effects of jigsaw teamwork as active learning approach on students’ learning performance of both groups measured through tests.While the effect of the active learning approach on the experimental groups’ interest was also measured by interest Likert scale questionnaires containing 10 items. i). Learners taught using the active learning approach (experimental group) improved their learning performance slightly better in post-test than those to whom the traditional direct instruction was applied (control group). ii) regarding to interest learners subjected to the active learning approaches (experimental group) improved better than control group students. The findings suggest that the active learning approach had positive effect on the learning performance and interest of Grade 9 learners and thus, can be adapted to enhance learning in the classroom
Factors Contributing to Education Wastage in Secondary Schools of Kembata-Tembaro Zone
(Addis Ababa University, 2012-06-01) Demissie Dalelo; Haileselassie W/Gerima
Educational wastage is a universal phenomenon predominantly exhibited by repetition and
dropping out of students. The purpose of this study was to uncover the causes of grade repetition
and dropping out in the secondary schools of Kembata-Tembaro Zone. A descriptive survey
method was employed. Both probability and non-probability sampling techniques were used to
select relevant and representative samples. Questionnaires, semi-structured interview, FGD
guides and document analysis were used as data gathering tools. Both descriptive and inferential
statistics were used to analyze the data gathered. The results of the study revealed that, the
magnitude of general secondary education wastage in the Zone under the study was on average
(25.7 %) and it was found very high. It was also identified that, both institutional and
environmental factors were contributing to secondary educational ·wastage. Of the institutional
factors, particularly, dropouts and repeaters related issues, school administration practices,
medium of instruction and lack of guidance and counseling services 'were found severely
contributing to students grade repetitions. Furthermore, environmental factors, predominantly.
the socio-economic factors such as families ' need of their children labor, lack of financial
support and. poverty were notably causing more dropping out in the schools of the zone under
the study. On top of these, the low value people attach to education and migrations' to different
foreign countries were significantly contributing to dropping out of schooling. To alleviate these
problems, early intervention, creating positive school environment, building strong
communication channels, provision of guidance and counseling services, attacking the big
picture, making offering, promoting experience sharing and arranging tutorial programs were
recommended as possible solutions.