AAU Institutional Repository (AAU-ETD)
Addis Ababa University Institutional repository is an open access repository that collects,preserves, and disseminates scholarly outputs of the university. AAU-ETD archives' collection of master's theses, doctoral dissertations and preprints showcase the wide range of academic research undertaken by AAU students over the course of the University's long history.
How to Submit Your Work
The repository contains scholarly work, both unpublished and published, by current or former AAU faculty, staff, and students, including Works by AAU students as part of their masters, doctoral, or post-doctoral research
- All AAU faculty, staff, and students are invited to submit their work to the repository. Please contact the library at your college.
You may contact digirep@aau.edu.et.with any questions about the repository
Colleges,Institutes in AAU-ETD
Select a college,institute to browse its collections.
Recent Submissions
Maternal Outcome of Women with Cardiac Disease During Intrapartum and Postpartum Periods at TASH, A 3 Years Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-18) Mezgebu Gietnet; Mahlet Yigeremu; Eskinder Kebede
Background: Heart disease affects between 1% and 4% of pregnancies and continues
to be a leading cause of maternal death worldwide, affecting women in both high
income and low- to middle-income countries. The maternal mortality rate due to cardiac
conditions is approximately 9% in developed nations and 36% in developing regions.
However, there is limited research in Ethiopia to fully understand the impact of heart
disease on pregnant women and its effect on maternal outcomes.
Objective: The purpose of this research is to evaluate how cardiac disease affects maternal
outcomes in women with heart conditions during labor, delivery, and the postpartum period up
until they are discharged from the hospital. The ultimate goal is to enhance their health and overall
well-being.
Methods: The study retrospectively enrolled 92/127 women with cardiac illness, who received
labor and delivery service at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from
Jan 1st, 2021 to Dec 31, 2023. Census sampling method was applied to include study participants.
The data entered and analyzed using Epi-info version 7.0 and SPSS version 25.0. Bivariable
regression done and variables with p-value ≤ 0.25 analyzed with multivariable logistic regression
with a level of significance <0.05.
Results: In this study, 92 participants that fulfill the inclusion criteria were enrolled following review of
their medical charts. Majority of the study participants (65.2%) found in the age group of 25-34 years with
mean ±SD of 28.1±5.2. Almost one-third of the participants were primiparous and 63% were from the rural
area. This study shows the significant cause of heart disease is acquired causes (84.8%, n=78). Majority of
patients (40.2%, n=37) have a functional status of NYHA class II. Mitral valve is the most commonly
affected valve with 80.5% (n=74) contribution. Majority (46.7%, n=43) of deliveries were via operative
vaginal deliveries and 34.8% (n=32) were delivered via C/S. Composite adverse maternal outcome was
found in 28%, (26/92) participants. Heart failure and pulmonary edema were the two most common acute
cardiac events each contributing 10.9% respectively.
Magnitude and Determinants of Primary Cesarean Section Among Women who Give Birth At 37 & Above Weeks of Gestational Age in three Teaching Hospitals of Addis Ababa University in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Cross Sectional Study
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-09-16) Dawit Mekonnen; Mahlet Yigeremu; Dawit Desalegn
Background: The use of cesarean section has expanded to low-, middle-, and high
income nations along with notable advancements in clinical obstetric care and better
surgical procedure safety. According to Ethiopia Demographic and Health Surveys
(DHS), the national population-based cesarean section rate climbed from 0.7 percent
in 2000 to 1.9 percent in 2016, with rises throughout seven of the country's eleven
administrative areas. Studies done in Addis Ababa public hospitals showed that the
rate of cesarean section ranges between 21% and 38%. The rate of primary cesarean
sections, however, has never been researched and no data is available. To lower this
concerning cesarean section rate, it is crucial to look at decision-making processes
and put in place a safe prevention strategy for primary cesarean section practice, as
advised by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the Society
for Maternal-Fetal Medicine in their obstetric care consensus recommendation.
Objectives: To assess the magnitude and determinants of primary cesarean section
among women who gave birth at term in three teaching hospitals of Addis Ababa
University in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 01
to April 30, 2024. Systematic random sampling was used to select 422 participants.
The structured, pretested, and anonymous questionnaire was used, and data were
entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 and will be exported analysis to SPSS version 23.
Descriptive statistics were performed, and then used tables and figures to present the
findings. A P-value of <0.05 will be considered statistical significance.
Result: Four hundred twenty-two women’s medical charts were included in this study,
making 100% response rate. Our research finding indicates that 25.83% of women
underwent a primary cesarean section. The most frequent indications for primary
cesarean section were fetal distress (55%), mal-presentation (19.3%), failed induction
(11.9%), and CPD (11%). Our research findings indicate that parity, gestational
diabetic mellitus, chronic medical disease, fetal presentation, fetal membranes status
and liquor status were variable statistically significantly associated with Primary CS
with p-value <0.05.
Conclusion: The magnitude of primary cesarean section in this study was high. Our
study emphasizes the need for careful monitoring and management of women with
gestational diabetic mellitus, chronic medical conditions during pregnancy, and the
importance of monitoring the status of the fetal membranes during labor. The results
indicate that most neonates had favorable outcomes. Further research could explore
interventions that address factors, potentially reducing the overall rates of cesarean
deliveries while ensuring safety for both mothers and infants.
Incidence, Perinatal and Maternal Outcome and Associated Factors of Antepartum Hemorrhage at AAU
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-07-16) BiniyamDenekew; Eskinder Kebed; Tesfaye Adem
Background:-Antepartum hemorrhageisanobstetricemergencyoccursin2-5%of
pregnancies.itissignifi
cantcontributortoperinatalandmaternalmorbidityand
ecauses.
mortality.APHtakes30%ofmaternaldeathsofwhich50%ofthedeathsaredueto
preventabl
Objective:-TomeasureAntepartum hemorrhage’sincidence,perinatalandmother
ix
outcomes,andcontributi
ngvariablesatAAU,2024/5
Methods:-AProspectivecross-secti
onalstudywasusedinAddisAbaba’s3teaching
hospital
s.Allwomenwhoexperiencedantepartum hemorrhagemettheinclusion
criteri
awerechoosenunlessthemaximum samplesizeof422isreached.Thedata
werecollectedbyintervi
ewandchartreviewmethod.SPSSversion25.00wasusedfor
entryandanalysisofdata.Inordertoidentifyfactorsthathavebeenlinkedtothe
dependentvariabl
e,logisti
cregressionanalysi
swasimplemented.Variableswithap
valueoflessthan0.05werechosenasstatisti
callysi
gnifi
interval
.
cantusingthe95%confidence
Result:-TheincidenceofAPHwas4.4%.Mostaffectedwomenweremultiparous
(66.4%).Majori
tyoftheAPHwerecausedbyAP(61.2%)followedbyPP(30.4%).
Maternalcomplicationsoccurred in 22.2% ofAPH cases,withanemia(76.1%),
postpartum hemorrhage(26.1%),andhypovolemicshock(18.1%)beingthemost
common.Cesareandeliverywasperformedin78.4%ofcases.Determinantsofpoor
maternaloutcomesincludedruralresi
dence(AOR=1.8),grandmultiparity(AOR=6.7),
hypertensi
vedisordersduri
ngpregnancy(AOR=1.9),abnormalvitalsignsatadmission
5th
(AOR=12.2),andmaternalage≥35years(AOR=2.4).Poorcompositeperinatal
outcomeswereobservedin36%ofcases.Amongthese,4.5%werestillbirths.Firstand
minuteAPGARscorewereLow in11%and2.9%oflivebirths,respectively.Lowbirth
weightaffected23.9%ofneonates,and30%requiredNICUadmission,mainlydueto
prematurity (40.1%)and low birth weight(39.4%).NICU mortality was 12.4%.
Determinantsofpoorperinataloutcomesincludedmaternalhypertensivedisorders
(AOR=1.6),abnormalmaternalvitalsi
gns(AOR=6.3),maternalhemoglobin<11g/dL
(AOR=2.9),andadversematernaloutcomes(AOR=3.8).
Conclusion:APH posesasubstantialrisktobothmaternalandperinatalhealth.
Effecti
vescreeningandearlyinterventi
on,parti
cularl
improvingoutcomes.
The Lived Experiences of Families with a Member Affected By substance use dis order: a Phenomenological Study at Amanuel mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia a thesis Report Submitted to the departments of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University in Partial Fulfilment of The Requirements Form as Ter’s degree in clinical Psychology
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-06-12) Amira Mudesir; Getahun Tibebu; Beakal Amare
Background: Substance use disorder is a rising public health issue in Ethiopia; it affects not only the person who uses the substance but also the family members. Considerable attention was given to the prevalence and associated factors of substance use in Ethiopia, but the lived experiences of families affected by their member's substance use disorder received limited attention. Objectives: This study mainly aimed to understand the lived experiences of families affected by their member's substance use disorder at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It aimed to offer an understanding of the challenges faced by affected families and provide support strategies. Methods: A qualitative phenomenological study approach was used to examine the lived experiences of families affected by substance use disorder. Data was gathered from 12 participants through semi-structured individual interviews conducted in Amharic, with the data recorded, transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify emerging themes. Results: - There are three major themes identified, reflecting the lived experience of families. These include the psychosocial impact of living with family with SUD, effects on family life and responsibility, and coping mechanisms and support systems. Conclusions: - This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the lived experience of families affected by SUD. Family member experiences show difficult realities. These included emotional distress, stigma, role shifts, disrupted daily life, financial sacrifice, and threats to personal safety. Recommendations: - The study emphasized the need for improving support for families affected by SUD by building long-term care centers, providing counselling and education, training professionals to treat families with respect, and strengthening community support.
A Thesis Submitted to the Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University for the Partial Fulfilment Sub-Specialty Certificate in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-05-10) Dureti Kassim; Awoke Mihretu; Fikirte Girma
Background: suicide in adolescent age group is a growing global health challenge. Suicide behaviors serve as significant predictors of completed suicide and occur at a higher rate compared to suicide death. Understanding how common suicidal behaviors are and the factors linked to them is crucial for designing programs aimed at lowering the risk of completed suicide within this specific population. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of suicidal behaviors and related factors among high school adolescents in Arada sub city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method: A quantitative cross-sectional study design was used. Random sampling method was employed to choose the high schools from high schools found in the sub-city and to select sections from every grade level. Data were gathered through self-administered structured questionnaires. Data entry and analysis were performed using SPSS software. Results: Lifetime prevalence of suicidal thought was 26.9%, suicidal plan was 18.8% and suicidal attempt was 17.0% in high school adolescents. The last 12 months prevalence of suicidal thought, plan and attempt were 13.5%, 8.7% and 7.2% respectively. Age (AOR=2.82), gender (AOR=2.80), anxiety (AOR=3.59) and social support (AOR=0.26) had significant association with suicidal thought. Gender (AOR = 2.80), anxiety (AOR = 3.68), school absenteeism (AOR = 2.20), social support (AOR = 0.35) and family relative wealth (AOR = 11.77) were significantly associated with suicide attempt among the study participants. Conclusions and Recommendation: Suicidal behaviors were prevalent among high school adolescents in Arad sub-city of Addis Ababa, posing a major public health challenge. Female gender, anxiety, school absenteeism, and poor social support increased the likelihood of suicidal behaviors. Addressing this requires understanding these factors to develop targeted prevention and intervention strategies, emphasizing mental health education in schools.