Emergency Medicine
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Item Knowledge,Practice and Associated Factors of Nurses Working in intensive Care Unit Towards Open-Endotracheal Suctioning for Mechanically Ventilated Patients in Public Hospital of Addis Ababa,Ethiopia,2023.(Addis Ababa University, 2023-06) Merchaw,Abebe; Beyene,Temesgen (Ass.Prof.); Abebe,Asmamaw(Msc)Introduction: Endotracheal suctioning is one of the commonly performed invasive procedures in intensive care unit so as to keep airway patent in intubated patients. Knowledge and practice of nurses working in intensive care unit towards endotracheal suctioning is directly related to minimize complications, to improve standard of care, to promote effective/safe suctioning and to reduce length of stay in intensive care unit. Objective: To assess knowledge, practice and associated factors of nurses working in intensive care unit towards open endotracheal suctioning for mechanically ventilated patient in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on nurses working in six public hospitals. Simple random sampling method was used and data were collected using structured self-administered questionnaire and observational checklist. Data were entered into epi data version 4.6 and analysis was done using SPSS version 27. Frequency and percentage were done for categorical data. In addition, mean and standard deviation were done for continuous data. Besides, binary logistic regression was used to determine association between dependent and independent variables. Result: A total of 136 were included with response rate of 97% (132). From this, 78 (59.1%) with 95% CI (50.67, 67.53) and 51 (38.6% with 95% CI (30.30, 46.91) of nurses had good knowledge and practice respectively. Qualification [AOR = 6.01; CI: 1.24–29.05] and training [AOR= 3.69; CI: 1.40-9.67] were significantly associated with knowledge with P-value <0.05. Moreover, professional qualification of masters and above [AOR = 7.5; CI: 1.76–31.78], training [AOR= 9.4; CI: 2.86-30.59], adequate equipment supplies [AOR= 5.0; CI: 1.71-14.38], and experience => 6years [AOR= 6.8; CI: 2.21-20.86] were associated of practice. Conclusion: In this study, more than half of the nurses who were working in intensive care units had good knowledge, but majority had poor practice on endotracheal suctioning. Training, qualification, experience and availability of adequate equipment were major factors associated with knowledge and practice.Item Knowledge & Practice of selected critical care bundles among Residents at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Emergency Department, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2023(Addis Ababa University, 2023-10) Tamirat,Abraham; Yohannes(Ass.Prof.); Sofia(Ass.Prof.)Background: A care bundle consists of three to five evidence-based therapies that work better when combined than when done alone. Utilizing care bundles can guarantee that the minimal level of care is provided. It has been demonstrated that implementing an evidence-based care bundle for critically sick patients improves outcomes. Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice of selected critical care bundles among residents working in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Emergency Department, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2023. Methods: Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire and observational checklist. The method of census sampling was applied. After the collected data was cleaned, it was imported into Excel and subjected to binary logistic regression and descriptive analysis using SPSS. Result: The study included 64 ECCM residents, with a 95.3% response rate. Of this 43 (70.5%) were males and 46 (75.4%) were between 25-30 years, with mean age of 29.9 (SD± 2.58) years. The mean of work experience was 3.27 (SD ± 1.68) years. Regarding knowledge of Critical care bundles, 42 (68.9%), 53 (86.9%), and 54 (88.5%) were aware of the VAP, sepsis, and urinary catheter care bundles, respectively. However, it was noted that 36 (59%), 51 (83.6%), and 51 (83.6%) had good daily practice of the VAP, sepsis, and urinary catheter care bundle components, respectively. Year of residency had a statistically significant association with knowledge & practice of Critical care bundles (P<0.05). Conclusion: Most ECCM residents had a good knowledge of critical care bundles and were practicing them. However, the practice of daily oral care, sterile suction system, placement of urinary drainage, periurethral cleaning & blood culture before antibiotics administration were suboptimal.Item Assessment of Knowledge of Hypertension Risk Factors and Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Emergency Department Visitors at Selected Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023(Addis Ababa University, 2023-06) Rameto,Adem; Michael, Mebrat; Beyene, Temesgen (Ass. Prof.)Background: Hypertension has been increasing globally, with projections estimating a 30% increase in prevalence to be expectedly to reach 1.56 billion by the year 2025. Likewise, hypertension has been increasing in Ethiopia with a recently revealed magnitude of 21.81%. The growing world burden of hypertension is because of inadequate public knowledge of the risk factors for hypertension. To the best of the knowledge of the author, no single study was done regarding hypertension risk factors before this study in Ethiopia. Objective: The present study aimed to assess the level of knowledge of hypertension risk factors among hypertensive emergency department visitors at selected public hospitals, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from March 15 to April 15, 2023. Methods and materials: Hospital-based cross-sectional study design was used. A convenient sampling strategy was employed to include a total of 200 sampled participants proportionally allocated to the emergency departments of five purposefully selected hospitals. data were collected using pretested face-to-face interview structured questionnaire. The collected data were checked and then entered into Epidata 4.6. Data that had been cleaned were exported for analysis to SPSS version 27. Statistical analysis using binary logistic regression was performed and the predictors had a P value of < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: From 200 planned sample sizes, 194 respondents were included in this study. Among the study participants, 41.8% & 58.2% had good & poor knowledge of hypertension risk factors, respectively. Based on multivariable logistic regression analysis Educational status [AOR=10.15, 95% CI; 3,060, 33,672], disease duration since diagnosis [AOR=3.21, 95% CI;1.34, 7.66], comorbidities [AOR=2.43, 95% CI; 1.19, 4.92], residency area [AOR=4.38,95% CI; 1.20, 15.90] and sources of information [AOR=2.96, 95% CI; 1.14, 7.66] were statistically significant with P- value < 0.05. The results were presented as narrative text, tables, and figures. Conclusion & Recommendation: The study participants` knowledge about risk factors was generally poor with almost about nearly sixty percent. The findings of the study revealed that people are still not aware of the risk factors associated with hypertension although 87.6% gained health information from health professionals, and 35.6% from mass media. Hence, the stakeholders in the health sector need to implement a health education program to better teach patients about risk factors for hypertension.Item Clinical Profile and Management Outcome of Birth ASPHYXIA Among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Selected Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,2023.(Addis Ababa University, 2023-06) Feyissa,Asamnewu; Wubetie,Andualem (MSc, EMCCN); Demissie,Asrat (Dr.)Background: Birth asphyxia is one of the leading causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. It is a condition that continues to concern physicians, patients, and attorneys. It accounts for more than 80% of neonatal deaths, along with prematurity and neonatal sepsis. It is defined as a lack of oxygen around the time of birth that can be caused by several perinatal events. This medical condition affects approximately four million neonates worldwide each year, killing one million of them. Most infants recover successfully from hypoxia episodes; however, some patients may develop Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy, resulting in permanent neurological impairment of various organs and systems. Objective: To assess the clinical profile and outcome of birth asphyxia among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at a selected governmental hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 2023. Method: A facility-based retrospective study was conducted. The data was collected by using a structured checklist from delivery records of selected governmental hospitals and then checked, coded, and entered into Epi Data Software version 4.6 before being exported and analyzed by SPSS version 26 software. Categorical data were summarized using frequency and percentages. A continuous variable was explained by using the mean, and standard deviation. Binary and multivariate logistic regression was used. The results were presented using tables, figures. Result: A total of 256 documents were reviewed. 7 (0.3%) documents were incomplete. The majority of maternal age was between the age groups of 15–25 accounting for 1166 (45.3%) and the residency of 180 (70.3%) were in Addis Ababa. The majority of neonates, 194 (75.8%), have normal birth weight (2500–3999 g); 103 (40.2%) of neonates developed stage I HIE; 105 (41.0%) developed stage II HIE; and the rest developed stage III HIE. The mortality rate of the neonate admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with birth asphyxia was 23%. Associated factors related to neonatal mortality at p < 0.05 were HIE stage II AOR 4.09 (95% CI, 1.49, 14.61), HIE stage III 22.05 (95% CI, 5.35, 90.82), neonates with low birth weight (500–2499 g) 4.58 (95% CI = 1.83–11.50), and neonates who need CPAP 4.63 (95% CI = 2.02, 10.60). Conclusion: This study showed higher mortality of birth asphyxia. The mortality of the newborn admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit a has significant association with HIE II, HIE grade III, low birth weight, and the neonate required CPAP.Item Determinants of early and late onset preeclampsia among women delivered at Ghandi memorial hospital,2023: a case control study(Addis Ababa University, 2023-06) Seid,Awol; Hussien,Heyria(Msc)Background: preeclampsia is pregnancy induced hypertensive disorder characterized by elevated blood pressure and proteinuria. It can be classified into early onset preeclampsia (EOPE) and late onset preeclampsia (LOPE) based on gestational age. LOPE shares ∼80 to 95%of all preeclampsia cases worldwide and its incidence were 0.3 and 2.7%, EOPE, LOPE respectively. Objective: The primary purpose of this study was to identify determinants of early and late onset preeclampsia among women delivered at Ghandi memorial hospital from January,2021-2022. Method: Hospital based unmatched case control study was conducted on 174 cases and 348 controls among women delivered at Ghadi memorial hospital from March 20, 2023 to April 20,2023. Women with confirmed preeclampsia and atypical preeclampsia were considered as cases and normotensive women will be considered as controls. Data was collected by using kobo collect application and exported into SPSS version 26 for analysis. Logistic regression was done. Finally, a p-value of less than 0.05 was declared as significant. Result: Hypertension history in her family and history of high blood pressure in the previous pregnancy were significantly associated with early onset preeclampsia with (AOR=6.8, CI=1.64- 28.6) and (AOR=9.8, CI=1.69-56.8) respectively. Advanced maternal age when first time pregnancy, history of UTI during pregnancy, history of contraceptive use, and lack of ANC visits with respective (AOR=14.55, CI=1.28-165), (AOR=8.36, CI=2.05-34.11), (AOR=4.34, CI=1.31- 14.41) and (AOR=3.29, CI=1.47-7.35) respectively. Conclusion: Generally, family history of hypertension, history of gestational hypertension and ANC visit were associated with increased risk of both early and late onset preeclampsia in this study. Nevertheless, history of UTI during pregnancy, advanced maternal age at first time pregnancy, lack of ANC visit and history of contraceptive use were found to be the risk factor for late onset preeclampsia. It is better to recruit specialty trained professionals and work together with primary health facilities to create a conducive environment so that patients with preeclampsia and other associated illnesses can be treated, educated and can have regular follow up.Item Clinical Profile and Outcome of Road Traffic Accident Among Adult Patients Treated in Government Hospitals Emergency Departement, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ,2023(Addis Ababa University, 2023-01) Amare,Ayenew; Debalkew,Bitanie(Dr.)Background: Around 1.25 million people per year die as a result of traffic collisions worldwide. According to data from the worldwide safety report, road traffic injuries are on the decline in industrialized nations but rising in many developing nations, including Ethiopia. This study aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Addis Ababa public hospitals' chosen hospitals for road traffic accident victims. Objectives: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the clinical characteristics and results of traffic accidents among adult patients receiving care at five government hospital emergency rooms in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, between July 1 and July 31, 2023. Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study with an institutional basis was conducted on trauma patients receiving treatment at the trauma and emergency departments of a selected group of government hospitals over the study periods. We used SPSS version 26 and Epi-data version 4.6 for statistical analysis. RESULT: Male to female ratio was 2.07:1, with trauma primarily affecting the 24-to 33-year-old age group. The most typical time for an injury to occur was between 0:00 and 6:00 PM, and 89.7% of patients arrived at the hospital via ambulance. Taxies 108(48.2%) & heavy good car 49(21.9%) dominated over others vehicles. Mostly pedestrian was affected 161(71.9%). The Kampala severity score II (KTS II) was showing moderate trauma (46%), Sever trauma (36.6%), and Mild trauma account (17.4%). Poly trauma (52.2%) and lower Extremity fracture (22.3%) were the front runners of injury, with 16.1% of the victims were head injury patients. The Case fatality rate was 1.8%. 8 Conclusion: According to this survey, Addis Ababa was the site of the majority of road traffic accidents (RTAs), primarily harming young, economically engaged men. RTAs were found to often affect pedestrians, and while some casualties received pre-hospital care, the majorities were retrieved by onlookers. These findings highlight the need for improvements to socioeconomic infrastructure and pre-hospital emergency services.Item Triage Knowledge and Perceived Skills Among Nurses Working in Adult Emergency Departments of Selected Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023.(Addis Ababa University, 2023-06) Mengist,Bete; W,Andualem( (MSc); K,Sofia(MD, Ass.Prof.)Background: Triage is an essential function in emergency department. Knowledge of nurses working at triage has been cited as an influential factor in triage decision-making. As there are increased numbers of clients with life threatening traumatic injuries and medical patients in the emergency department in Ethiopia, triage knowledge and skill are an essential competency required for the nurses working in emergency department. Since there is limited study with in Addis Ababa hospitals regarding the knowledge and skills of triage among nurses working in the emergency departments, it is necessary to assess emergency nurses’ triage knowledge and skills including its related factors. Objective: To assess knowledge and perceived skills of nurses towards triage and associated factors among nurses working in adult emergency department of three selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. Three hospitals were selected from the total of 13 public hospitals purposely. A census sampling technique was used to obtain a required sample size. A standardized pretested self-administered questionnaire by open data kit (ODK) version 2022.1.2 was used. The questions were coded and the skip logic was properly prepared on the Kobo Toolbox server before data collection. Finally, it was exported to SPSS version 27 for final analysis. Bivariate analysis at a P-value of 0.25 and multivariable analysis at a P-value of 0.05 was applied. Results was presented using tables, figures and texts. Results: A total of 179participants were included in this study. The proportion of poor triage knowledge and perceived poor triage skill of nurses were 58.1% and 50.3%, respectively. Educational level and triage experience of nurses were significant predictors of triage knowledge, while training experience and availability of triage equipment’s were significant predictors of perceived triage skill. Conclusion and recommendation: The triage knowledge and skill were found to be at low level. As nurse’s knowledge about triage is a key tool in triage decision making, there is the need to improve on nurse’s knowledge level and skills in triaging at the ED.Item Knowledge, attitude & practice of disaster preparedness and associated factors among Addis Ababa fire & disaster risk management commission & Red cross society emergency medical service employees, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023(Addis Ababa University, 2023-06) Alemu,Gizatu; Melaku,Birhanu (MSc); Beza,Lemlem (PhD, Ass.Prof.); Beyene,Temesgen(MD,Ass.Prof.)Background: Disasters have become a major public health concern, as they can occur at any time, cause significant property damage, disrupt infrastructure, and hinder social and economic progress. Natural and man-made disasters claim lives and cause displacement every year, and the frequency of disasters has increased over the past five decades. To respond to such events, the Red Cross Society and Fire & Disaster Risk Management Commission act as entry points for victims to receive proper care before arriving at hospitals in Addis Ababa. Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of disaster preparedness & associated factors among Emergency medical service employees working in Addis Ababa fire and disaster risk management commission and red cross society. Methodology: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among employees of Addis Ababa Fire and Disaster Risk Management Commission and Red Cross society affiliated with Emergency Medical Services (EMS). The data were collected through self-administered structured questionnaires between March 15 to April 15, 2023, and were checked for completeness before being entered into EPI-data version 4.6. The data were later exported to SPSS version 27.0.1 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were employed in the study for data analysis. Results: Out of 120, total of 115 health professionals participated in the study. About 59.1 % of participants were female and majority of respondents age group is 25-30(88.7%) years and mean & median age of participants is 28.57(SD=3.618) & 28 respectively. About half of 60(52.2%) at 95%CI (41.7%-62.7%) EMS health care workers had adequate knowledge about disaster preparedness. Overall attitude towards the disaster preparedness was largely positive as 87(75.7%), 95% CI (66.9%-84.4%) of respondents had favourable attitude. Good practice 76(66.1%), 95% CI (57.3%-75.7%) of disaster preparedness was observed. Those who took disaster management training (AOR=4.644, 95%CI=1.574-13.705, p=0.005) and had disaster management plan (AOR=7.970, 95%CI=2.405-26.418, p<0.001) were strongly associated with good knowledge of the participants. Those who took Disaster management training was strongly associated with favorable attitude of the participants at (AOR=4.191, 95%CI=1.414-12.422, P=0.010). Those who took disaster management training( AOR=14.638, 95%CI=3.329-64.357, P <0.001,those who had performed drills previously(AOR= 4.446, 95%CI=1.054- 18.749,P=0.042),those who had been worker of disaster management team(AOR =7.472,95%CI=1.893-29.493,P=0.004) and those who updated disaster management plan (AOR =10.191,95%CI=2.302-45.113,P=0.002) were significantly associated with participant’s good practice towards disaster preparedness. Conclusion and recommendation: This study showed that more than half of EMS employees had good knowledge, practice and largely positive attitude on disaster preparedness. Still much effort is expected from AAFDRMC & RCS to enhance adequate knowledge, practice & favorable attitude through more ongoing disaster trainings & frequent disaster simulations.Item Availability of Emergency Drugs and Essential Resuscitation Equipment and Barriers to Availability at the Emergency Room of Health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia- Explanatory Sequential mixed method design(Addis Ababa University, 2024-10) Dagne Lidia; Yohannes FelekeEssential medications, supplies, and functional equipment are needed for emergency care. But in lower middle-income countries (LMICs), there are major obstacles that prevent the provision of safe emergency care, such as a shortage of physical resources (supply and equipment) or medications. Several studies have suggested that the PHC level should establish and implement emergency services in order to reduce the burden on hospital emergency departments. Even though research regarding emergency capacity analysis has been done at hospital level, data are lacking at the health center level. Therefore, it’s important to assess these facilities.Item Assessment of oxygenation status, prehospital communication, and transportation modality up on arrival to the Emergency Department among critically ill patients presented to two Addis Ababa governmental hospitals: Prospective cross-sectional study(Addis Ababa University, 2024-01-23) Mayet Endale; Tigist WorkuAny sickness and injury characterized by the failure of important organs and a high risk of life-threatening conditions that necessitate prompt action beginning on the scene to preserve life and minimize morbidity is considered a critical illness. It is becoming more common, and the need for acute care is rising, facing a time-sensitive challenge to the healthcare system. In both prehospital and in-hospital settings, airway resuscitation is the cornerstone for the early care of critically ill patients. In addition to prehospital airway management, interfacility communication and continuity care during ambulance transferring are always demanding substantial tasks for all EMS workers from on the scene to treatment centers, anywhere in the globe. Still, Hypoxic agitation, hypoxic disability, peri intubation arrest, death on arrival, and dead body at arrival are poor clinical outcomes resulting from patients arriving with hypoxia at the ED too late as adversely affect. However, this prehospital insufficient care is being rushed to the ED. Real-time care and pre-arrival contact should be implemented to provide escalation of care according to evolving updated clinical practice for better patient outcomes.Item A Cross-Sectional Study on The Accuracy of Focused Cardiac Ultrasound (Focus) Perspective Amongst Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Residents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2024-01-05) Mesfin Nahom; Temesgen Beyene: The employment by non-cardiologists of Focused Cardiac Ultrasound (FoCUS) to promptly identify the organizational framework of the heart in critically sick patients attracted the first significant amount of public interest in early 90s. It was demonstrated that individuals with potentially life-threatening medical or surgical disorders might benefit from a quick FoCUS conducted by Emergency Physicians (EPs).Item Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Associaed Factors Regarding Prehospital Care Delivery for Trauma Patients among Health Care Professionals Practicing in Health Centers in Addis Ababa(Addis Ababa University, 2024-01) Seid Hussien; Kalkidan KrbedePre-hospital emergency care refers to a medical care provided to patients from the scene to arrival in hospital including turning on an emergency squad of receiving hospital. Poor prior to hospital arrival emergency trauma care practices, attitudes, or understanding can have a negative impact on patients' health outcomesItem The Prevalence of Burnout and Associated Factors among Medical Interns at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital : A Cross-sectional Study(Addis Ababa University, 2024-01-05) Tarekegn Abeje; Tigist WorkuThose in the medical field who worked with patients frequently had suffered burnout syndrome. Burnout syndrome is a psychological disorder marked by low personal accomplishment, depersonalization, and physical and emotional weariness. Study's objective: was to determine the magnitude of burnout among medical interns working at TASH Specialized Hospital, as well as its contributing variablesItem Treatment outcome and Associated Factors among Patients Admitted with Acute Poisoning in Selected Governmental Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024(Addis Ababa University, 2024-06-15) Fasil Biyadigilign; Wagari TuliPoisoning is one of the public health problems worldwide with a significant impact on developing countries. Acute poisoning is a medical emergency in which the toxic effects occur almost immediately, usually within hours from the time of exposure. In Ethiopia, the burden of acute poisoning is increasing due to changes in lifestyle, availability of chemicals, and social behavior organophosphate, herbicide, and rodenticides are responsible for the highest number of case fatalities. By this time there is no multicenter study done on the outcome and associated factors of acute poisoning cases presenting to the emergency room in Addis Ababa governmental hospitals and this study will fill the gap in this areaItem Reason for Emergency Department Visit, Disposition and Associated Factors of Pediatric Oncology Patients in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.202(Addis Ababa University, 2024-06-19) Alem Adamu; Achamyelesh TadeleOncologic emergencies are acute, potentially life-threatening events related to a patient's malignancy or its treatment. Pediatric oncologic patients visit the emergency department for various reasons, including acute complications of their cancer or treatment-related side effects. The medical team assesses each case to decide on admission, treatment adjustment, or discharge with follow-up. This study aims to assess the reasons for emergency department visits, disposition, and associated factors in pediatric oncologic patientsItem Client Satisfaction among Community Based Health Insurance Users and out of Pocket Payers Visiting Emergency unit of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2024) Kidest Melaku; Sofia KebedeCommunity-based health insurance schemes (CBHI) are voluntary systems where community members pool funds to protect themselves from high medical care costs. These schemes, often targeting low-income populations, pool financial resources through regular premiums or contributions. In Ethiopia, the Ethiopian Community-Based Health Insurance Scheme aims to improve healthcare accessibility for low-income individuals and disadvantaged communities. Understanding the satisfaction levels of both CBHI users and Out-of-Pocket payers can offer vital insights regarding care quality and identify areas for improvement.Item Disaster Surge Capacity Rise Through Reverse Triage in Addis Ababa Hospitals; Cross-Sectional Study(Addis Ababa University, 2024) Tsion Seyoum; Aklilu AzazhPlans must be in place before a disaster or pandemic strikes in order to reduce damage and maintain control. Hospitals play a leading role in disaster and incidence response by identifying inpatients that can be safely discharged early, and can create additional surge capacity. Implementing reverse triage allows hospitals to optimize resources and prioritize patients based on their medical needsItem Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Associaed Factors Regarding Prehospital Care Delivery for Trauma Patients among Health Care Professionals Practicing in Health Centers in Addis Ababa(Addis Ababa University, 2024-01-23) Seid Hussien; Kalkidan KrbedePre-hospital emergency care refers to a medical care provided to patients from the scene to arrival in hospital including turning on an emergency squad of receiving hospital. Poor prior to hospital arrival emergency trauma care practices, attitudes, or understanding can have a negative impact on patients' health outcomes.Item Emergency Medicine and Critical care Resident’s Competency to Identify Patient Ventilator Asynchrony Using Mechanical Ventilator Waveforms Analysis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2024-01-13) Wegderes Bogale; Finot Debebepatient ventilator asynchrony (PVA) is a condition where there is suboptimal interaction between patient and mechanical ventilator. It is common and often undetected with negative impact on patient’s outcome if unrecognized and addressed. Mechanical Ventilator waveforms analysis is a non-invasive and reliable way of recognizing PVAs where advanced methods of identifying PVA are lacking, however it has not been well studied on residents working in poor setups.Item Outcome and Associated Factors of Acute Adult Poisoning in Emergency Department, Zewditu Memorial Hospital Addis Ababa(Addis Ababa University, 2024-01-23) Robel Alemu; Tigist ZewduAcute poisoning is a prevalent medical emergency around the world because a huge variety of substances and medications are widely accessible. Poisoning-related morbidity and mortality is becoming a major public health concern in many nations. Although it is well known that this public health issue is a pressing one in Ethiopia, the scope and magnitude of poisoning have yet to be thoroughly investigated.