Determinants of early and late onset preeclampsia among women delivered at Ghandi memorial hospital,2023: a case control study
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2023-06
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: preeclampsia is pregnancy induced hypertensive disorder characterized by elevated
blood pressure and proteinuria. It can be classified into early onset preeclampsia (EOPE) and late
onset preeclampsia (LOPE) based on gestational age. LOPE shares ∼80 to 95%of all preeclampsia
cases worldwide and its incidence were 0.3 and 2.7%, EOPE, LOPE respectively.
Objective: The primary purpose of this study was to identify determinants of early and late onset
preeclampsia among women delivered at Ghandi memorial hospital from January,2021-2022.
Method: Hospital based unmatched case control study was conducted on 174 cases and 348
controls among women delivered at Ghadi memorial hospital from March 20, 2023 to April
20,2023. Women with confirmed preeclampsia and atypical preeclampsia were considered as cases
and normotensive women will be considered as controls. Data was collected by using kobo collect
application and exported into SPSS version 26 for analysis. Logistic regression was done. Finally,
a p-value of less than 0.05 was declared as significant.
Result: Hypertension history in her family and history of high blood pressure in the previous
pregnancy were significantly associated with early onset preeclampsia with (AOR=6.8, CI=1.64-
28.6) and (AOR=9.8, CI=1.69-56.8) respectively. Advanced maternal age when first time
pregnancy, history of UTI during pregnancy, history of contraceptive use, and lack of ANC visits
with respective (AOR=14.55, CI=1.28-165), (AOR=8.36, CI=2.05-34.11), (AOR=4.34, CI=1.31-
14.41) and (AOR=3.29, CI=1.47-7.35) respectively.
Conclusion: Generally, family history of hypertension, history of gestational hypertension and
ANC visit were associated with increased risk of both early and late onset preeclampsia in this
study. Nevertheless, history of UTI during pregnancy, advanced maternal age at first time
pregnancy, lack of ANC visit and history of contraceptive use were found to be the risk factor for
late onset preeclampsia. It is better to recruit specialty trained professionals and work together with
primary health facilities to create a conducive environment so that patients with preeclampsia and
other associated illnesses can be treated, educated and can have regular follow up.
Description
Keywords
Early onset, late onset, preeclampsia, case control, determinant