Assessment of Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Acute Kidney Injury Patients admitted to adult Intensive care unit at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019
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Date
2019-12
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Introduction: Acute kidney injury is a syndrome characterized by the rapid loss of the kidney's
excretory function and is typically diagnosed by -the accumulation of end products of nitrogen
metabolism (urea and creatinine) or decreased urine output, or both. In critically ill patients
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)occurs frequently and it allied with great rates of morbidity and
mortality.
Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence, risk factors and outcome of acute kidney
injury in patients admitted in the intensive care unit of Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical
College from January 2017 to December 2019.
Methods: The study design was a facility-based retrospective; the cross-sectional study was
conducted. Medical records of 108 were revised. Data collection checklist was developed and the
data were extracted from the patients' medical records. Data entry and analysis were conduct by
using the Epi-Data-4.2 and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version
25.0 respectively. The logistic regression model was used for analysis.
Result: AKI in critically ill patients covered 16.1% with a mean age of 34 ± 15 age distribution and
female predominance (66.7%). Being female and Anemia were the leading risk factors to
develop AKI, 72 (66.7%)and 56 (51.9%) respectively. Sepsis was more likely associated to
kill the patients with AKI. Most 81 (75%) AKI critically ill patients were initiated renal
replacement therapy. Stage three AKI were account for 66(61.1%). Length of hospital stay
ranged from 1 day to 52 days with a mean stay of 10.7 days. Critically ill patients with AKI
(48.1%) had died in the study period.
Conclusion: AKI is the most common cause for critically ill patient's morbidity I too observed
the higher prevalence of AKI in critically ill patients with younger age groups and female
predominance. The mortality rate of AKI in critically ill patients was near to half of all
respondents during the study period.
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Keywords
Acute kidney injury; critically ill; Prevalence; Risk-factors; Outcomes