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Item The Effect of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction in the Case of Bunna Bank S.C(A.A.U, 2024-05-07) Alemnew Fenta; Demeke Chimdessa(PhD)This study looked at the link between overall service quality and customer satisfaction at Bunna Bank (BB) at the chosen branches and the gap between customer perception and expectations on service dimensions. Customers of Bunna Bank S.C. at four specific Addis Ababa branches made up the respondents. 150 BB customer respondents completed a selfadministered questionnaire to collect primary data. We then selected 150 valid questionnaires using a stratified random sample technique for statistical analysis. IBM SPSS version 25 was used to process the data, and descriptive statistics (such as frequencies, percentages, mean scores, pie charts, and bar graphs), as well as chi-square testing, binary logistic regression analysis, and Spearman correlation analysis, were used to evaluate the results. This study looked at how aspects of service quality impacted customer satisfaction at Bunna Bank in Addis Abeba. The characteristics of service quality were assurance, responsiveness, empathy, tangibility, and dependability. At the 5% significance level, the findings demonstrated that every aspect of service quality had a favorable and substantial influence on customer satisfaction. The survey also revealed that clients were pleased with the bank's physical spaces, prompt and accurate service, polite and informed employees, and personalized attention. The study included suggestions for future research paths as well as recommendations for the bank's management to enhance customer happiness and service quality.Item The Effect of Total Quality Management on Organizational Performance in Ethiopian Federal Transport Authority(A.A.U, 2025-05-08) Fikremaryam Endaykefagn; Yohannes Workeaferahu (PhD)This study investigated the relationship between Total Quality Management (TQM) and organizational performance, employing both descriptive and explanatory research methods. The study focused on staff working at the Federal Transport Authority's main office. 150 staff members from the Federal Transport Authority were selected using a random and purposive sampling method. The study relied on primary data collected through questionnaires. Correlation analysis was conducted to determine the strength of the association between Total Quality Management dimensions namely customer focus, employee management, leadership, training, and continuous improvement and organizational performance. In order to examine the relationship between independent variables and organizational performance multiple regression analysis was conducted. Customer satisfaction is the determining factor of organizational performance. The study revealed strong positive correlations between TQM dimensions (customer focus, employee management, leadership, training, continuous improvement) and organizational performance. Customer focus emerged as the strongest predictor (β=0.358), with regression analysis confirming TQM explains 74.4% of performance variance. Prioritize customer-centric policy reforms, enhance employee participation in decision-making, invest in leadership development, and institutionalize continuous improvement mechanisms to maximize TQM effectiveness at the Federal Transport Authority.Item The Effect Export Banking Service Quality on Marketing Performance in the Case of Selected Private Banks(A.A.U, 2025-05-30) Beab Cherenet; DejeneTulu (PhD)The purpose of this research was to examine the impact of export banking service quality on the marketing performance of some selected private banks in Ethiopia. I endeavored to examine the influence of some of the most crucial service quality determinants like reliability, assurance, empathy, responsiveness, and composite service quality on customer loyalty, word of mouth, and market share growth among the exporters. To attain this, I used a quantitative research methodology of the deductive type based on the following service quality theories, formulating hypothesis. I gathered data from 180 export customers of Enat Bank, Awash Bank, Gadaa Bank, Sinqee Bank, and Bunna Bank, mostly in Addis Ababa, and then analyzed 144 clean responses using SPSS. It also found that empathy contributed the most to marketing performance, after reliability, responsiveness, and overall service quality. To everyone's surprise, though, while reliability hadn't shown an exact positive relationship, its impact was not statistically significant. What it really comes down to is banks actually succeeding in export markets having to make efforts in establishing actual human relations, responsiveness, and hiring effective, reliable people. It's not consistency today—it's offering service exporters must become comfortable with. So for banks that have to improve these service quality areas if they are going to stay competitive and meet the rapidly changing needs of their export customers, it's crucial.Keywords:BankingServicequality,customer satisfaction& Marketing performanceItem Cоntrаct Аdmіnіstrаtіоn Bеst Prаctіsеs: lеssоns frоm Еthіоpіаn Еngіnееrіng Cоrpоrаtіоn-Cоnstructіоn Sеctоr: a Cаsе Study in Fеdеrаl Judgеs Аpаrtmеnt Rеnоvаtіоn Prоjеct(A.A.U, 2025-05-30) Yоhаnnеs Аmеhа; Hаіlеmаrіаm G.(PhD)This thesis examines the best practices of contract administration within Ethiopia's Engineering Corporation Construction Sector, with a specific focus on the Federal Judges Department Renovation Project. The study aims to identify strengths and areas for improvement in contract administration practices, including contract clarity, financial management, risk mitigation, stakeholder communication, and the implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM). Using a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative data from structured Likert scale questionnaires with qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews. The study population consists of professionals directly involved in contract administration, including project managers, office engineers, legal experts, and contractors. Key findings indicate that while contract clarity and communication are generally effective, there is a need for more consistent communication and timely updates to contract documents. Risk management practices are robust but require more consistent application throughout the project lifecycle. Financial management practices demonstrate strong adherence to budgetary constraints and progress payment schedules, though challenges in managing cost escalations and delayed payments highlight areas for improvement. Performance monitoring and documentation practices are established but could benefit from more timely corrective actions and standardized reporting. BIM usage is found to be moderately effective in enhancing various aspects of contract administration, though its adoption within the organization is still limited. The study concludes that while several contract administration practices are effective, there are substantial opportunities for improvement. Recommendations include enhancing contract clarity and communication, improving risk management consistency, strengthening financial management practices, increasing the timeliness in performance monitoring, and expanding the adoption of BIM. Future research could explore the integration of BIM technology across different project phases and investigate the long-term effects of improved contract administration practices on project outcomes.Item The Effect of Marketing Mix Elements on Organizational Performance, The Moderating Role of Job Satisfaction (The Case of Dashen Bank S.C, Lib S.C and Abbay Bank S.C)(A.A.U, 2025-05) Azeb Tolera Lemessa; Yohannes W. (PhD)The purpose of this study was to examine if the effect of marketing mix elements on organizational performance the moderating role of job satisfaction using DASHEN BANK, LIB S.C and ABAY BANK S.C. as a context. This examination is important because even though many firms invest money to develop and implement effective marketing strategy -the effect of this investment on organizational performance could be undermined if employees are not satisfied. Thus, this research sought to show how firms could benefit from investment on marketing strategy by paying attention to job satisfaction. The thesis used both descriptive and explanatory research design. Primary and secondary data was also used. A quantitative research method using modified and structured closed ended questionnaires from previous studies was employed in order to determine whether the effect of the marketing mix elements (i.e., price, product, place, promotion, people, process and physical evidence) on organizational performance is moderated by job satisfaction. Self-administered questionnaire collected from 150 members of the marketing department of DASHEN BANK S.C, LIB S.C and ABAY BANK S.C randomly. The collected data was analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis via SPSS. This study reveals that all 7Ps marketing mix elements have a significant direct effect on organizational performance. Notably, Product, Promotion, and Physical Evidence exert a direct influence independent of job satisfaction. Conversely, the impact of Price, Place, People, and Process on organizational performance is significantly moderated by job satisfaction, meaning their effectiveness varies depending on employee satisfaction levels. Furthermore, job satisfaction itself is a significant direct predictor of organizational performance and plays adulating role in the relationships between Price, Place, People, and Process with organizational outcomes. In essence, the findings underscore the pervasive influence of the marketing mix on performance, while highlighting job satisfaction as a critical factor that either directly contributes to or alters the impact of other key organizational drivers. Based on these insights, selected banks should strategically leverage promotion and ensure high product quality, while also prioritizing initiatives that boost employee job satisfaction. Future research could further explore the intricate relationships between these variables in different organizational contexts. `Item The Effect of Marketing Mix Elements on Organizational Performance, The Moderating Role of Job Satisfaction (The Case of Dashen Bank S.C, Lib S.C and Abbay Bank S.C)(A.A.U, 2025-05-25) Azeb Tolera Lemessa; Yohannes W. (PhD)The purpose of this study was to examine if the effect of marketing mix elements on organizational performance the moderating role of job satisfaction using DASHEN BANK, LIB S.C and ABAY BANK S.C. as a context. This examination is important because even though many firms invest money to develop and implement effective marketing strategy -the effect of this investment on organizational performance could be undermined if employees are not satisfied. Thus, this research sought to show how firms could benefit from investment on marketing strategy by paying attention to job satisfaction. The thesis used both descriptive and explanatory research design. Primary and secondary data was also used. A quantitative research method using modified and structured closed ended questionnaires from previous studies was employed in order to determine whether the effect of the marketing mix elements (i.e., price, product, place, promotion, people, process and physical evidence) on organizational performance is moderated by job satisfaction. Self-administered questionnaire collected from 150 members of the marketing department of DASHEN BANK S.C, LIB S.C and ABAY BANK S.C randomly. The collected data was analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis via SPSS. This study reveals that all 7Ps marketing mix elements have a significant direct effect on organizational performance. Notably, Product, Promotion, and Physical Evidence exert a direct influence independent of job satisfaction. Conversely, the impact of Price, Place, People, and Process on organizational performance is significantly moderated by job satisfaction, meaning their effectiveness varies depending on employee satisfaction levels. Furthermore, job satisfaction itself is a significant direct predictor of organizational performance and plays adulating role in the relationships between Price, Place, People, and Process with organizational outcomes. In essence, the findings underscore the pervasive influence of the marketing mix on performance, while highlighting job satisfaction as a critical factor that either directly contributes to or alters the impact of other key organizational drivers. Based on these insights, selected banks should strategically leverage promotion and ensure high product quality, while also prioritizing initiatives that boost employee job satisfaction. Future research could further explore the intricate relationships between these variables in different organizational contexts.Item The Role of Commercial Banks in International Trade: Ethiopian Perspective(A.A.U, 2024-05-19) Hana Mulugeta; Habtamu Endris (PhD)Commercial banks play critical roles in facilitating international trade services. The mainobjective of the study is to examine the role of commercial banks in the international trade practicein Ethiopia. Specifically, the study focused on examining role of supporting government-led tradefacilitation initiatives, provision of finance services, mitigating risks related to international tradetransactions, and capacity-building efforts undertaken by commercial banks. The researcher useda mixed research approach and a descriptive research design to achieve these goals. For thestudy, both primary and secondary sources and data types were used. In order to gather primarydata, self-administered survey questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used.Secondary data was also gathered through document analysis. Version 27 of SPSS was used toevaluate the data that were gathered. The study’s conclusions show that the state of internationaltrade service practices as of right now in the country is found at unsatisfactory level wherecommercial banks’ roles are paramount in improving the status. Commercial banks are playingdecisive roles in mitigating risks related to international trade and facilitating internationalpayments. However, the trade financing and capacity building role of commercial banks to theirinternational trade customers and businesses are not found at the expected level to successfullysupport the international trade of the country. In addition, the role of supporting government-ledtrade facilitation initiatives is also at an inadequate level. Based on the findings, the studyrecommends that commercial banks and other concerned bodies shall improve the ineffectivestatus of international trade service practice by working on foreign currency allocation problemand limitation in trade facilitation services, addressing challenges related to financinginternational trade in the way that they contribute to the growth and development of internationaltrade, implementing effective capacity building measures that can contribute to the overall growthand development of the international trade in the country, and work in close collaboration withother government entities/organs in the way that support government-led trade facilitationinitiatives. Keywords: Commercial banks, Ethiopia, International trade, RoleItem The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Organizational Performance. the Case of Safaricom Ethiopia(A.A.U, 2025-02-07) Lewi Gezahegne; Meskerem Mitiku (PhD)This study set out to investigate how corporate social responsibility affects Safaricom Ethiopia's organizational performance. The study used an explanatory research design to investigate how corporate social responsibility affects the performance of organizations. To arrange the data required for the study, a combination of research methodologies was also employed. Questionnaires and interviews were used to gather data. The data was gathered using both primary and secondary approaches, with the questioner serving as a source of data collection instrument. 156 employees of the company were selected, and 655 people in total were targeted. Based on their managerial responsibilities, backgrounds, and areas of expertise, the heads of each department provided all of the samples. In this study, purposive and simple random samples were both employed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data that was gathered. According to the interview results, the company's commitment to corporate social responsibility has improved customer loyalty and brand reputation. As demonstrated by the various social projects that have increased market share and customer interest, ethical business practices can result in financial success. Every independent variable had a positive impact on the dependent variable, according to the results of the regression analysis. According to the model summary table adjusted r-square value of 0.663, variation in the four independent variables accounted for 66.3 percent of Safaricom's organizational performance, with the remaining 33.7% coming from random error and other independent factors not included in the model. In light of the study's objective of assessing the impact of philanthropic corporate social responsibility on organizational performance, the researcher concluded by advising Safaricom's senior management to expand its charitable activities and give its employees comprehensive training.Item Imapact of Change Drivers on Change Outcome During Covid 19: In the Case of Unilever Manufacturing Plc(A.A.U, 2024-01-23) Mekdelawit Teferi; Demeke Chimdessa (PhD)This research is set out to find the impact of change drivers has on change outcome which is organizational change. The Change drivers parameters used are Communication, Risk taking propensity, Empowerment, Change management tools and techniques, Engagement, and Perceived Support. The research used Quantitative research and explanatory research design to explain effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. Descriptive analysis was also used to describe the characteristics of the data and produce meaningful analysis and make conclusions. To analyze the collected data, a statistical tool called statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 26 is used. The type of sampling technique used is a simple random sampling method. Therefore, from a population of 219 employees, a sample size of 142 was taken out. From this sample size, it was managed to collect 103 correct responses for analysis making. The finding of the research emphasizes that the Communication, Risk Taking Propensity, Empowerment, Perceived Support and Communication management tools and techniques has a significant impact. Contrarily, Engagement has presented statistically insignificant effect. Based on the result, recommendations were made that the company should keep this as its strength and look for ways to further improve the methods of communication. And also it’s recommended that the company motivates employees who take calculated risk.Item Factors Influencing Individual Investor Behaviour: an Empirical Study of the Ethiopian Equity Market(A.A.U, 2025-01-15) Bereket Kiflu; Meskerem Mitiku (PhD)This study investigates the impact of behavioral finance on investment decisions, focusing on how psychological factors, such as cognitive biases and emotions, influence individual equity investors in Ethiopia. It addresses a gap in the literature by exploring these biases within the context of an emerging market. A survey of 384 respondents was conducted using a structured questionnaire with 25 items across five categories: self-image/company-image alignment, accounting information, neutral information, advocate recommendations, and personal financial needs. Additionally, five items measured the dependent variable of individual equity investment decisions. Analysis using SPSS version 26 revealed that accounting information and self-image/company-image alignment had the most significant influence on investment decisions, while neutral information had the least impact. The key factors influencing investment choices included the company’s industry status, dividends, financial statement conditions, share marketability, past performance, and ethical standing. These results show that Ethiopian investors prioritize financial performance indicators, market liquidity, and corporate ethics in their investment decisions. Classical wealth-maximization criteria, such as profitability and return on investment, were also significant, reflecting the behavior of experienced investors. Conversely, factors like expected losses in international markets, the unattractiveness of non-share investments, and recommendations from interested parties had minimal influence. Interestingly, despite the cultural importance of religion and family in Ethiopia, company religious affiliation and the opinions of family and friends had only a moderate impact on investment decisions. These findings suggest that while personal affiliations play a minor role, financial performance, ethics, and expert advice are the dominant drivers of investment behavior. The moderate influence of identity-related factors such as ethnicity, religion, and politics indicates a shift away from these considerations in contemporary investment behavior. Keywords: Behavioral Finance, Investment Decision, Individual Investor, Investor Behavior.Item The Effects of Strategic Change Management Practices on a Bank's Performance: the Case of Cooperative Bank of Oromia(A.A.U, 2025-01-29) Rahel Temesgen Lefebo; Asres Abitie Kebede (PhD)The purpose of the research was to investigate the effect of strategic change management practice on bank performance as well as policy change, strategic leadership, corporate culture, central bank compliance, digital transformation and their effect on the bank performance by focusing on cooperative bank of Oromia, particularly in head office, central Addis Ababa district and branches under central district. By taking the research objectives and questions into considerations, quantitative research approach, and descriptive and explanatory research design were used. The study was delimited to proportionate stratified and purposive sampling techniques. Quantitative data was collected using a structured questionnaire which was adopted and distributed to a sample of 301 targeted population of different departments in head office & managers of central Addis Ababa district office and branches under central district of coop bank. Diagnostic tests confirmed that the regression model met essential assumptions. The quantitative data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential analysis. The findings reveal a significant overall F-value of 78.196 (p < 0.05), indicating that these independent variables are strong predictors of bank performance. Pearson correlation coefficients between 0.588 and 0.704 were identified, all statistically significant at the 0.01 level. While all independent variables, except for policy change, significantly affected bank performance (p < 0.05). The adjusted R-squared value of 0.635 suggests that approximately 63% of the variance in bank performance is explained by the independent variables. In conclusion, the findings highlight the crucial role of strategic change management practices in enhancing the performance of the Cooperative Bank of Oromia.Item Factors Influencing the Impact of Special Economic Zones on Ethiopia’s Export Competitiveness: in the case of the Dire Dawa(A.A.U, 2025-02-28) Feben Bogale; Asres Abitie Kebede (PhD)The study aims to assess the impact of logistics efficiency, infrastructure development, trade policies, regulations, and trade liberalization on the export competitiveness of businesses in the Dire Dawa Free Trade Zone. Both quantitative and qualitative research approaches were employed. Primary data were gathered through questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 27, complemented by secondary data sources. A conceptual model was formulated by reviewing relevant literature to achieve the study's objectives. Descriptive statistics indicated high mean scores across five categories, reflecting positive evaluations. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated significant positive relationships among the variables. The standardized coefficients highlighted Trade Liberalization and Policy and Regulation as the most influential factors in enhancing export competitiveness. The findings revealed that while logistics and infrastructure are recognized as positive contributors, they did not significantly affect export competitiveness in this study. Conversely, trade policies and regulations played a crucial role, showing a substantial and statistically significant positive effect on export competitiveness. The study underscores the importance of well-structured trade policies and regulatory frameworks in boosting export performance. The research recommends that the government prioritize the development of favorable trade policies and regulations, promote trade liberalization, strengthen logistics and infrastructure, and foster public-private partnerships. These strategies are essential for creating a conducive environment for export growth and driving sustainable economic development.Item Effect of Leadership Styles on Employees’ Motivation: The Case of Selected Multi- National Corporations in Addis Ababa(AAU, 2025-03-01) Mikiyas Teklehaimanot; Yohannes Workaferahu (PhD)Thi s st udy is depl oyed t o exami ne t he effects of leadershi p styl es on e mpl oyee moti vati on wit hi n si x sel ect ed multi nati onal corporati ons ( MNCs) locat ed i n Addi s Ababa, Et hi opi a. The pri mary obj ectives i ncl ude i dentifyi ng t he leadershi p styl es practiced, exami ning t he component s of leadershi p styl es t hat si gnificantl y i nfl uence moti vati on, assessi ng t he rel ati onshi p bet ween transf or mati onal, transacti onal, and l aissez-fai re leadershi p st yl es wit h moti vati on, and i dentifyi ng t he domi nant leadershi p styl e f or enhanci ng e mpl oyee moti vati on. A survey was di stri but ed t o 154 e mpl oyees, wit h 138 f ully compl et ed responses anal yzed usi ng SPSS Versi on 24. To address t his concern, on t he t heoretical literat ure revi ew t ouches Trait, Behavi oral and Conti ngency or sit uati onal approach t hat are rel at ed t o leadershi p styles and regardi ng t he dependent vari abl e motivati on Abraha ms Masl ow Hi erarchy of need t heory and expect ancy t heori es were discussed. The fi ndi ngs i ndi cat e t hat transf or mati onal leadershi p, wit h di mensi ons such as i dealized i nfl uence and i nspirati onal mot ivati on, has t he most si gnificant positive effect on e mpl oyee moti vati on, foll owed by transacti onal leadershi p. On t he cont rary Laissez-f aire leadershi p exhi bited a negati ve rel ati onshi p wit h moti vati on. Multi pl e regressi on anal ysis confir med t hat leadership st yl es account f or 74. 3% of t he vari ance i n e mpl oyee moti vati on, wit h transf or mati onal leadershi p e mergi ng as t he domi nant styl e. The st udy hi ghli ghts t hat organi zati onal politics and bi as associ at ed wit h leadershi p di mensi ons, particul arl y i dealized i nfl uence and i nspirational moti vati on, may hi nder f air promoti ons. Empl oyees report ed satisf acti on wit h benefits and promoti on opport unities but i ndi cat ed areas f or i mprove ment i n skills devel opment and work activities. Recommendati ons i ncl ude impl e menti ng unbi ased perf or mance eval uati ons, enhanci ng i nt er-department al communi cati on, and i nvesti ng i n st aff trai ni ng. Fut ure research coul d expl ore leadershi p st yl es' effects on other sect ors, such as healt hcare or banki ng, and exami ne cult ural infl uences on moti vation wit hi n MNCs wit h organi zati onal politics as a medi at or. Key words: Multi-nati onal Corporati ons (MNCs), Leadershi p styles, Transacti onal, Transf or mati onal and Laissez f air, Empl oyees` Moti vati on.Item The Effect of Strategic Plan Implementation on Bank’s Performance: Emperical Evidence from Oromia Bank(A.A.U, 2025-01-22) Oljira Tesfaye; Asres Abitie (PhD)This study aims to investigate the impact of strategic plan implementation on the performance of Oromia Bank, addressing the critical need for effective strategic planning in enhancing operational efficiency, profitability, and customer satisfaction within Ethiopia's dynamic banking sector. Utilizing a mixed research approach and explanatory research design, the study collected data from employees through descriptive and inferential statistics, focusing on key performance indicators such as return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and customer satisfaction. Findings indicate that while the quality of strategic plans is perceived positively, their direct correlation with profitability is weak, with a notable example being a weak correlation coefficient of 0.071 for strategic plan quality. Moreover, employee engagement significantly enhances strategic implementation outcomes, as evidenced by a positive correlation of 0.150, while challenges in execution, particularly resistance to change, negatively affect performance, with a regression coefficient of -0.159. The study concludes that gaps in leadership commitment and resource allocation hinder effective strategy execution, recommending improved training and development programs to foster a more engaged workforce. By addressing these challenges and enhancing employee involvement, Oromia Bank can achieve better performance outcomes and maintain a competitive edge in the financial landscape.Item The Mediating Role of Marketing Strategy in the Effect of Antecedents on Export Performance of Oilseeds: the Case of Ethiopian Pulses and Oil Seeds Exporters Association(A.A.U, 2025-01-26) Dagmawit Kebede; Abera Legesse (PhD)This study investigates the factors affecting the export performance of Ethiopian oilseed exporters, emphasizing the mediating role of export marketing strategies. A quantitative research approach was employed, utilizing an explanatory survey design to establish causal relationships between internal factors (firm and product characteristics), external factors (industry and market characteristics), and export performance. Data were collected from 162 respondents, primarily members of the Ethiopian Pulses and Oilseeds Exporters Association (EPOSEA). The analysis was conducted using SPSS version 27 software, incorporating descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression models to test the relationships among variables. The results reveal that firm, product and market factors does not have significant influence on export performance, however industry characteristics shows the strongest direct impact. Export marketing strategies comprising product adaptation, pricing, promotion, and distribution emerged as a crucial mediator, enhancing the effectiveness of these factors. Statistical tests, including Pearson correlation, multicollinearity checks, and regression analysis, confirmed the robustness of the model. The adjusted R-square value indicated that 70% of the variance in export performance could be explained by the independent variables, underscoring the importance of aligning internal capabilities and external opportunities with strategic marketing efforts. Respondents emphasized several recommendations, including the need for increased government support including addressing structural barriers and simplify export regulations. They also highlighted the importance of investing in modern technologies to enhance production efficiency and meet international quality standards. Additionally, respondents recommended improving market accessibility through enhanced trade networks and partnerships, as well as addressing logistical challenges by upgrading transportation and storage infrastructure.Item Effect of Leadership Styles on Employees’ Motivation: The Case of Selected Multi- National Corporations in Addis Ababa(AAU, 2025-03-01) Mikiyas Teklehaymanot; Yohannes Workaferahu (PhD)This study is deployed to examine the effects of leadership styles on employee motivation within six selected multi national corporations ( MNCs) located in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The primary objectives include identifying the leadership styles practiced, examining the components of leadership styles that significantly influence motivation, assessing the relationship between transfer national, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles with motivation, and identifying the dominant leadership style for enhancing employee motivation. A survey was distributed to 154 employees, with 138 fully completed responses analyzed using SPSS Version 24. To address this concern, on the theoretical literature review touches Trait, Behavioral and Contingency or situational approach that are related to leadership styles and regarding the dependent variable motivation Abrahams Maslow Hierarchy of need theory and expectancy theories were discussed. The findings indicate that transformational leadership, with dimensions such as idealized influence and inspirational motivation, has the most significant positive effect on employee motivation, followed by transactional leadership. On the contrary Laissez-faire leadership exhibited a negative relationship with motivation. Multiple regression analysis confirmed that leadership styles account for 74. 3% of the variance in employee motivation, with transfer national leadership emerging as the dominant style. The study highlights that organizational politics and bias associated wit h leadership dimensions, particularly idealized influence and inspirational motivation, may hinder fair promotions. Employees reported satisfaction with benefits and promotion opportunities but indicated areas for improvement in skills development and work activities. Recommendations include implementing unbiased performance evaluations, enhancing inter-departmental communication, and investing in staff training. Future research could explore leadership styles' effects on other sectors, such as healthcare or banking, and examine cultural influences on motivation with in MNCs with organizational politics as a mediator.Item Effect of Export Incentive on Export Performance in Ethiopia(A.A.U, 2022-01-11) Samson Beletikachew; Yohannes Workaferahu (Phd)In today’s challenging and market competitiveness world, the Ethiopian government introduces and implements fiscal and non-fiscal scheme to promote and encourage export trade. The main purpose of this study was to the Effect of Export Incentive on Export Performance in Ethiopia. The researcher used Descriptive and Explanatory type of the research design to explore the relationship between Export Incentive and Export Performance. The researcher used both primary and secondary data. The primary data obtained through a structured questionnaire prepared from export companies whereas the secondary data from reports, published and unpublished documents. The target population was 132 export companies. The convenience sampling technique was used. The study used questionnaires as a tool for data collection. Two separate instruments export incentive practice and export performance Assessment Instrument were used to measure export incentive practice and export performance respectively. In order to test the reliability of the instrument, the Crobanch alpha test was the responses of the respondents were analyzed using descriptive Statistics, correlation, and regression. The findings of the study showed that export incentive practice, Such as duty draw-back scheme, the voucher scheme, the bonded export factory scheme, the bonded manufacturing warehouse scheme, the bonded input supplies warehouse scheme; and the industrial zone scheme. Export Performance In terms of value (Total Amount of export per annum) performance linkage as independent variable and as the dependent variable.Item The Effect of Training and Development on Employee’s Performance at Bank of Abyssinia(A.A.U, 2024-06-25) Kaleb Tekeste; Tewdros Wuhib (Assistant Professor)Nothing gets done in an organization without workers, including the most valuable assets such as machines, supplies, and cash. Because of the dynamic nature of humans, it is critical that employees receive continual training and development in order to compete in today's marketplace. Employee performance is the most important factor in improving an organization's overall performance. This study will look at how training and development affect employee performance, specifically at the Bank of Abyssinia. As a result, the research design was a descriptive and correlational study. To achieve the purpose of this study, 100 questionnaires were issued, and 92 of them were successfully gathered and analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis (mean and standard deviation), correlation, and regression analysis using SPSS 26. Version. Both primary and secondary source of data were used for this Study. The method of data collection was questionnaire in the form of both open ended and closed ended questions. Through the selection of four branches (one from each), as well as district and head office staffs, this study was carried out throughout all four grade branches of BOA, ranging from Grade 1-3 and the corporate branch. according to the fact that branches with the same grade are uniform in every respect according to the standards of the bank, and because they all have the same organizational structure, behavior, and culture, as well as the same working environment, branches will be chosen at random. Finally, after the study, the researcher found that the training design and employee performance were positively correlated and had strong correlation between them. Then, the recommendations were based on the findings which affects employees’ performance in the case of Bank of Abyssinia.Item The Impact of Perceived Cultural Fit and CSR Capability on Employee Attachment: Mediating Role of Employees’ Perception of CSR in the Ethiopian Tannery Industry(A.A.U, 2024-06-02) Gifti Lelisa; Yared Asrat (PhD)This study examines the impact of perceived cultural fit with CSR activities and perceived CSR capability on employee attachment within the Ethiopian tannery industry, focusing on the mediating role of employees’ perception of CSR activities. The research used a quantitative research approach and data were collected from employees in five tannery industries through structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS 27.0. The sample size of 333 was proportionally allocated to each tannery based on their employee count relative to the total population of 2000 employees, ensuring a representative sample through simple random sampling. The analysis involved multiple regression analysis following Baron and Kenny's fourstep approach to determine the direct and indirect effects of the independent variables on employee attachment. Results indicate that perceived cultural fit and CSR capability significantly influence employee perceptions of CSR activities, which in turn positively affect employee attachment. However, the hypothesized mediating role of employees’ perception of CSR activities did not hold when controlling for other variables. The findings underscore the importance of aligning organizational culture with CSR initiatives and enhancing CSR capabilities to enhance employee attachment in Ethiopian tanneries. These insights contribute to understanding CSR's impact on employee attachment in developing economy contexts and offer practical implications for organizational strategies.Item The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Banks’ Competitive Advantage: The Case of Bunna Bank S.C(A.A.U, 2024-02-28) Yonas Mekonnen; Meskrem Mitiku (Phd)The contemporary economic climate in a developing country is competitive due to globalization and technical advancement, necessitating a firm’s participation in CSR to maintain its competitiveness. Therefore, this study prioritized the contribution of these CSR stakeholders to the banking industry’s competitive advantage and examined the relationship between various CSR engagement dimensions (customer, employee, community, and environmental). The study used Simple Random Sampling with a framework of stratified sampling technique. The study employed correlation and regression analyses to explore the relationships between these variables and analyze their relationships. Additionally, hypotheses were formulated to demonstrate how the independent variables (customer, employee, community, and environmental) of corporate social responsibility impact the dependent variable of competitive advantage. To this end, a structured 5-point Likert scale close ended questionnaire-based survey was employed to collect data. Descriptive statistics also conducted in the research through the aid of SPSS 26th statistical tools. The findings revealed that different stakeholders of CSR (like customers, the community, employees, and the environment) had a positive impact on the elements that make a bank stand out competitively. Specifically, Bunna bank S.C is most focused on customer-related CSR, considering it the most crucial factor for their competitive advantage. On the other hand, they pay the least attention to CSR related to the environment. Therefore, it's suggested that bank employees should give more importance to environment-related CSR and incorporate it into the company's business operations. This could have a significant impact on the bank's competitive advantage, ensuring sustainable development.