International Business

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Assessment of Factors Affecting Tax Collection:The Case of Ministry of Revenues of Ethiopia Federal Large Taxpayers Branch
(A.A.U, 2023-06-07) Abiy Ayenachew; Habtamu Endris (PhD)
The goal of this study was to look at the elements that influenced favorably and adversely tax collection in Ministry of revenues of Ethiopia, Federal large taxpayers. Particularly, it investigated the effects of the prevailing political situation on revenue collection, the implications of tax policies implemented by incumbent politicians, and the effects of ICT infrastructure and qualified workforce on revenue collection. A descriptive research design has been selected due to the way it addressed the study areas empirically through numerical measurement and statistical analysis. The target population consisted of federal taxpayers who were classified as ‘large taxpayers’. Despite there were 794 taxpayers who fit this description, a sample of these was chosen for the study. A sample of 266 taxpayers was chosen using a simple random sampling technique. A total sample of 240 was obtained after 266 questionnaires were distributed, with 26 of them—or 10%—not being returned and as secondary data five years revenue collection of the federal large taxpayer’s branch data was taken. SPSS, a statistical tool for social scientists, was used to analyze the data. The associations between the independent and dependent variables were investigated using descriptive statistics. The analysis results demonstrated that the prevailing political climate actually, have an impact on business operations, people's security, resource availability and distribution, and, as a result, tax collection and tax compliance have been hindered. It also indicated that the rule and regulations that were in effect at that particular point had an impact on tax collection and, was difficult to understand and analyze. The study claims that the MoR support system, which included, among other things, information technology systems like Electronic taxation (E-tax), the workforce, and major stakeholders, all played an important part in the Revenue Collection process in MoR. The study suggests additional investigation to figure out the level of independence or interdependence of the political situation and revenue collection. It also suggests more research into existing tax laws and regulations, as well as how appropriate those who they rule. Additionally the study suggests more research on taxpayers as MoR’s stakeholders in order to devise methods of assuring adherence to rules and contentment for stakeholders
Factors Affecting Export Performance of Textile and Garment Industry: The Case of Hawassa & Bole Lemi Industrial Park.
(A.A.U, 2022-01-08) Hawani Eshetu; Asres Abitie Kebede (PhD)
The objective of this study was to examine the factors Affecting Export Performance of Textile and Garment Industry in Ethiopia by focusing on the industrial parks with regard to Infrastructure, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Trade Openness/Market access and Policy and regulatory situation in the import export business. In the study both quantitative and qualitative research design approaches were used. Data were collected from primary sources and secondary sources. The primary data were collected through questionnaire and analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. To achieve the objectives of the study conceptual model was formulated by reviewing previous related literatures. The mean shows that the independent variables have positive and significant effect on the performance of export with mean value of 4.1. Correlation between the independent and dependent variables indicates a degree of less multi-collinearity. According to the findings, Infrastructure, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Trade Openness/Market access and Policy and regulatory situation have positive effect on export performance. From all the variables FDI has the highest positive relation on export performance of the garment and textile industry. The qualitative data also supports the result of the quantitative data. Export performance was mainly influenced by FDI and Infrastructure with very high statistical significance. Furthermore, trade openness and policy environment has also significant impact for the growth of textile and garment export. Thus, the research recommends that to improve the textile and garment export, the government need to work on securing dependable market access through WTO rather than AGOA and work hard to attract quality foreign investors in the sector.
The Effect of Branch Expansion on Bank Financial Performance: The Case of Addis International Bank S.C
(AAU, 2024-02-24) Esmael Yaregal; Amare Abawa (PhD)
This study is aimed to evaluate branch expansion’s effect on bank’s financial performance in case of Addis International Bank S.C. For this purpose explanatory research design was employed and quantitative approach was used. Branch expansion was measured by number of branches and financial performance of bank was measured by NIM, ROA and ROE. Secondary data was collected from annual reports, yearly magazines, departmental reports and various journals of the bank for a period 2012-2023. The stationary, coitegration, autocorrelation and normality tests were deployed and linear regression is conducted for the purpose of examining the effect of independent variable on each dependent variables. As regression result shows number of branch has insignificant positive effect on ROA while it is significant positive effect on ROE and NIM. In general, the result of this study indicates that branch expansion’s effect on AdIB’s financial performance is significant as well as positive. Based on this, the researcher recommend managers and stakeholders of AdIB to open more branches and the bank’s return on its equity and asset as well as net interest margin will increase. The researcher also recommends other research performers to study branch expansion’s effect on non-financial performance of the bank.
The Effect of Income Diversification on Bank Performance: In Case of Selected Commercial Banks in Ethiopia
(AAU, 2024-01-10) Dessalegn Munach; Yohannes Workaferahu (PhD)
This thesis investigates the relationship between income diversification and bank performance based on financial performances of 17 commercial banks. Income diversification is the practice of raising a bank's proportion of fee, net trading profits and other non-interest income within its net operating income, in other words it is an expansion into new revenue-generating financial services, with the exception of conventional intermediation activities. The study sampled the financial performances of 17 commercial banks during the period of 2014 to 2021 and used explanatory research design, quantitative research approach and secondary data sources that were gained from National Bank of Ethiopia like annual reports, financial statements and company information. The model that employed in this thesis was Random Effect model. The panel data was presented by using inferential statistics. The proxy (dependent variable) is return on assets (ROA) that measures performance of the banks and the independent variables are Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI), Herfindahl Hirschman Index for non-interest income (HHINONII), ratio of non-interest income to total asset (NONIITA), Share of Fees and Commission over Noninterest income (SHFC), the ratio of loan to total asset(LOANTA)and exchange rate (EXR). The econometric results have shown positive and significant association between ratio of non-interest income to total asset (NONIITA) and bank performance (ROA) while Herfindahl Hirschman Index for net operating income (HHI) indicated negative and significant impact on bank performance this in part justifies policy actions to promote diversification. The coefficients of the remaining variables have shown positive but insignificant association with bank performance except HHINONII. From a policy point of view the finding suggests that bank regulations which might tend to increase the level of income diversification (non-interest income) should be evaluated carefully. Generally, the major findings reveal that income diversification has impact on return on asset of the banks i.e. an increase in income diversification leads to an increase in return on asset (ROA), which implies that banks are benefited from diversification of their activities beyond the traditional lending activities. Finally, the study recommends that Ethiopian commercial banks to diversify their income across non-interest income and to use it wisely by considering the right areas of diversification.
Determinants of Export Performance of Ethiopia's Top Export Commodities: A Time Series Analysis
(AAU, 2023-06-09) Tesfatsion Dejene Mersha; Yohannes Workaferahu (PhD)
Assessment of the Challenges of Ethiopian Livestock Export Performance
(A.A.U, 2024-01-07) Mekdem Kassaye; Desalegn Amlaku (PhD)
The purpose of this research is to describe the challenges the Ethiopian livestock export performance face in the context of the exporting companies. The study employed a mixed methodological approach that included both quantitative and qualitative methods. Primary data was collected and cross-checked with secondary data from 2011 to 2021. Four challenges were assessed in this study: government policy, political stability, infrastructure, and market accessibility. According to the Ministry of Trade, there are over 110 registered live animal exporters, but only 13 operating in the export. To analyse the export market of the operating companies, a descriptive analytic method was utilized, and 5 of each company's top leaders were chosen. To further investigate and comprehend, a qualitative approach thematic analysis method was used for the former companies’ owners. The long procedure to get certification and finance, low amount of loans, lack of protocol policy, lack of enforcement of contractual agreement are the main government policy problems. Inconsistent supply, unable to make on time delivery’s, possibility of losing 100% export are main political stability problems. Increasing death rate because of quality of roads, lack of coordination, administration and capability quarantine station are main problems of infrastructure. Export market being dependant on holiday bases requirement of importing countries, unable to make competitive and uniform pricing strategies, unpredictable and continuous changes of requirement from importing countries and high competition from illegal export are the barriers from market accessibility. Ethiopian companies’ livestock export has been gradually dropping. The sector is becoming no longer profitable for them.
Determinants of Foreign Exchange Reserve in Ethiopia: A Time Series Analysis
(A,A.U., 2023-06-02) Merwa Abdulkader; Asres Abitie (PhD)
Using time series data, this paper sought to investigate the factors that affect Ethiopia's foreign exchange reserves. Secondary data on variables such real effective exchange rate, current account balance, debt service, loans to the private sector, Real GDP, and growth rates of price regressed on foreign currency reserves were used in the study, which covering the time frame of 1987 to 2022. The data collected from the National Bank of Ethiopia were used in this study using an ARDL model. Based on the findings, the REER, inflation, and real GDP all play a substantial and favorable role in determining Ethiopia's foreign currency reserves. In contrast, Ethiopia's foreign exchange reserves are significantly and adversely impacted by the debt service. Therefore, this analysis suggests that the government of Ethiopia should keep its external borrowing to a minimum in order to lower debt servicing costs, boost domestic economic growth, encourage the appreciation of the birr, and improve current account balance through exports in order to increase foreign exchange reserves
The Effect of Women Empowerment on Organizational Performance: Empirical Evidence from the Banking
(AAU, 2023-03-13) Fikerte Mikrue; Asres Abitie (PhD)
The study mainly focuses on examining and evaluating the effect women empowerment on organizational performance within selected banks in Ethiopia. In doing so, the study evaluated women’s participation in decision making, sharing information, training and development and reward and recognition criteria. The research thoroughly examines whether women employee’s empowerment and organizational performance has a positive correlation. Based on this, the performance of an organization would be a dependent variable and others measures such as women’s participation in decision making, sharing information, training and development and reward and recognition are an independent variable. The study employs both an explanatory and descriptive research design, also used a quantitative approach to present research findings. The research is conducted on a targeted population of women employees within selected banks in Ethiopia. The motive in selecting the organizations specific to this study is based on their ownership types, their market profit for fiscal year 2020/2021, and the date of the bank’s establishment. The researcher employs purposive sampling and proportional stratified sampling technique in selecting samples from the given population. Primary data relevant for the study were collected through structured questionnaires, by hard-copies and Google forms, by distributing to sample size that represents the population. The questioners were distributed to three different banks, and the researcher enhanced the sample size by 10% in order to improve the response rate and decrease invalid data. Out of 134 samples, the researcher gathered 129 (96.26%) of the data. The data collected were analyzed by using statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 26 and the findings were interpreted based on the listed hypothesis, regression model, descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that the independent variables have a positive and significant effect on the performance of the banks. As a result, the selected banks are advised to place a high priority on women's empowerment in relation to their organizational performance
The Effect of E-Banking Service on Customer Satisfaction: in The Case of Abay Bank S.C, Addis Ababa Branches
(A.A.U., 2023-01-01) Genet Daba; Yared Asrat(PhD)
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of e-banking service on customer satisfaction in a case of Abay Bank S.C particularly Addis Ababa city branches. The study focused on nine independent variables i.e, ease to use, reliability, accessibility, fees and charges, transaction efficiency, responsiveness, security and privacy, service content and system availability and customer satisfaction as dependent variable. The study used quantitative research approach to have a better insight and gain a richer understanding about the effect of those factors on customer satisfaction. The researcher has employed explanatory research design to objectively answer the hypothesis. Simple random and cluster sampling methods were employed in order to select relevant respondents from e- banking service’s customers. For achieving the study objective, the study distributed 400 structured questionnaires, but collected 380 questionnaires. In line with this, 5 point Likert scale questionnaire were applied with closer assistance of the researcher. Then, the data were analyzed through SPSS software by stating descriptive and inferential statistics using linear regression model. By the findings, regression model indicates that reliability, accessibility, Transaction efficiency, system availability, security and privacy and service content have significant effect on customer’s satisfaction. However, ease to use, responsiveness, fees and charges have no significant effect on customer’s satisfaction. Finally, on the basis of the research findings, Abay Bank S.C has to be reliable and responsive in terms of speed and accuracy while providing e- banking services products to customers.
Factors Affecting Women Entrepreneur’s Access to Finance: A Study Conducted in Addis Ababa City; Ethiopia
(A.A.U., 2023-07-03) Arsema Seyoum; Ethiopia Legesse (PhD)
This research investigated the essential facet influencing women entrepreneurs' access to credit in 10 sub-cities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The research applied a mixed approach of qualitative and quantitative analysis. The method of descriptive analysis was employed to convey the correlation and impact between accessing finance, collateral requirements, rate of interest, and level of formal education. other variables like business management expertise, finance history age, and marital status have been analyzed using descriptive analysis based on the questionnaire administered. Six women micro-enterprises have also been interviewed and their responses have been analyzed with other descriptive analyses. 400 women entrepreneurs were selected for this study. 200 formal and informal businesses were sorted out. This means out of the 10 sub-cities being examined each sub-city has a quota of 40 women enterprises out of which 20 are formal and 20 are informal (unregistered) businesses. The survey revealed that women entrepreneurs faced various challenges in accessing credit, including high-interest rates and service charges, lengthy loan disbursement processes, and excessive collateral requirements. A descriptive analysis was employed on the data collected and a comparison analysis was made between formal and informal enterprises. The descriptive analysis is also supported by the qualitative analysis per the life story interview conducted with six women- owned micro-enterprises. It concluded that the more women are educated the better they are in making financial decisions. The study concluded that financial institutions should mainstream gender in credit access and be more transparent in their loan approval processes. FIs should consider designing women-centric products specifically tailored to address the need of women entrepreneurs, with much focus given to women in informal businesses as they are less educated and lack an asset to provide as collateral. The study recommended that financial institutions should revise their loan products to be more inclusive and flexible, consider alternative collateral types, and simplify loan terms and conditions. Policymakers and finance institutions, should also implement affirmative action policies that prioritize lending to women-owned businesses, increase the availability of financial products tailored to women’s needs, and invest in training and capacity-building programs.
Factors Affecting Consumers’ Willingness to Purchase Online in Addis Ababa Ethiopia
(A.A.U., 2023-06-02) Rediet Mulugeta; Amare Abawa (PhD)
Globally, there has been a huge rise in online shopping. The expansion of e commerce across the globe is also creating an influence on Ethiopia. Despite the notable growth of online shopping in Ethiopia, it remains comparatively deficient in this realm in relation to the rest of the world, primarily due to the substantial discrepancy in the adoption of internet and ecommerce technologies between developed and underdeveloped nations. Henceforth, the research was carried out with the aim of ascertaining the variables that have an impact on the willingness of customers to engage in online purchase in Addis Ababa, situated in the country of Ethiopia. Accordingly, data was collected from 303 sample respondents selected using purposive sampling method. Furthermore, a key informant interview was employed to obtain information for the purpose of triangulating the questionnaire survey. Descriptive and inferential analyses were employed to determine the level of customers’ willingness while multiple regression was used to identify the determinant factors that have played a significant role in customers’ willingness to buy online. The findings of the descriptive analysis reveal that among the total surveyed data, a mere 5.9% of the respondents were classified as strongly unwilling, 10.2% as unwilling, 48.2% as neutral, 21.8% as willing, and the remaining 13.9% as strongly willing. The multiple regression model revealed that independent variables namely, e payment, trust, delivery service, cash on delivery, and return policy were found to be statistically significant predictor for customers’ willingness to purchasing online. The researcher advises online retailers to incorporate the aforementioned significant factors in their marketing strategies for increased sales growth. The government should encourage businessmen and women by lowering tax policies, giving free place to promote e marketers’ in business expo and exhibitions gatherings.
The Effect of Job Stress on Employees’ Productivity during COVID 19 Pandemic at Ethiopian Airlines
(A.A.U., 2023-01-02) Mahlet Habteselassie; Asres Abitie (PhD)
This purpose of this study is to examine the effect the job stress has on productivity during the time of the Covid-19 pandemic among Ethiopian Airlines Cabin Crew and Technician Employees. Job stress was measured though variables, Role Conflict, Role Ambiguity, Work Overload, Physical Environment and Relationship at work. The study adopted a quantitative research method sourced from primary data collected through a structured questionnaire. To fulfill the research objective, a stratified random sampling technique was used to select respondents of 372. The data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire from these respondents. SPSS v.26 was used to analyze the data. From the analysis it was revealed that Role Conflict, Physical Environment and Relationship at work was found to have statistically significant effects on productivity. Role Conflict was found to have the highest effect on employee productivity. Crucial lessons were observed in industry, policy and educational implications. Role conflict, Role Ambiguity, Work Overload, Physical Environment, Relationship At work, covid-19, Productivity.
Factors Affecting International Pharmaceutical Procurement in Ethiopia: Ethiopian Pharmaceuticals Supply Service versus Private Importers.
(A.A.U., 2023-07-08) Eskedar Tilahun; Hailemariam Gebremichael ( PhD)
The objective of this study is to investigate the elements influencing international pharmaceutical procurement in Ethiopia, considering aspects such as quality, quantity, cost, location/source, and time within the private and public sector (EPSS). Based on various previous literatures, five factors are used as independent variables; Supplier selection, Procurement procedure, Buyer-supplier Relationship, Demand forecasting, and Foreign currency. Primary data was collected from Private Importers and EPSS (Ethiopian Pharmaceutical Supply Service) through questionnaires. An Explanatory research design was employed for this research. The results of the research indicates procurement procedure, demand forecasting and foreign currency positively and significantly affect International pharmaceutical procurement in private importers whereas, buyer-supplier Relationship, demand forecasting and foreign currency significantly affect the international pharmaceutical procurement in EPSS with foreign currency having a negative effect. The Comparison between the two sectors show that both demand forecasting and foreign currency Have a higher influence on international pharmaceutical procurement of private importers than EPSS. Therefore, the public and especially the private sector is expected to enhance its performance on these factors to achieve better quality, quantity, price, location/source, and shorter lead time in the procurement of pharmaceutical products
Factors Affecting Technical Efficiency: Evidence from the Banking Industry in Ethiopia
(A.A.U, 2023-06-07) Getnet Zemene; Tilahun Teklu (PhD)
The efficacy of private banks in Ethiopia from 2016 to 2021 was the focus of this research, investigating the factors impacting their technical efficiency. Output variables such as loan, investment, and net profit were considered to gauge technical efficiency, while input variables like paid-up capital and total deposit were used. A binary logistic regression was used to identify the technical efficiency predictors of the banks. The results revealed that only five of the sixteen banks studied (31.3%) met the technical efficiency standards, while the majority (68.7%) performed beneath the optimal production frontiers. Consequently, these banks may need to prioritize enhancing their productivity to improve their operations. The efficiency trends of private banks were not consistent, showing better efficiency in 2017, then sharply declining in 2018 and 2019, and gradually improving in 2021. Furthermore, tier I banks were relatively efficient than tier II and tier III banks. In addition, a positive and significant relationship was found between returns on assets and technical efficiency measure of private banks. On the other hand, a negative statistically significant relationship was observed between solvency and technical efficiency, which implies that the higher the debt obligation for a unit asset, the less likely that the bank is technically efficient. Therefore, banks may need to increase loan creation capacity and improve return on assets to enhance their technical efficiency. Additionally, careful planning of the solvency ratio of banks is also recommended.
The Influence of Quality Service Delivery on customer satisfaction: The Case of DHL Services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(AAU, 2023-10-07) Yordanos Feleke; Workneh Kassa
This study's primary goal is to find out how customer satisfaction at DHL Logistics Company in Addis Ababa is impacted by service quality dimensions. The five dimensions of SERVPERF (tangibility, assurance, responsiveness, empathy & reliability) were used to measure the quality of service provided by DHL. In order to answer the raised research questions, the study used structured questionnaire to collect the data and test the hypotheses. The study was based on a random sample of 394customers who visited DHL during this data collection. Version 26 of the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the data. The regression analysis of the data showed that reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy positively and significantly influence customer satisfaction for the service delivery of DHL Ethiopia. This means that these four-service quality dimension determine the nature of services provided by DHL Ethiopia. The tangibility dimension of the service quality was found not to have a significant influence in the customer satisfaction for DHL. The study recommends that DHL Ethiopia might need to pay closer attention on the service quality dimensions of reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy as they are found to significantly influence customer satisfaction
Determinants of Employee Performance: The Case of Bank of Abyssinia
(A.A.U., 2023-05-06) Kalabe Abera Megersa; Zelalem Gebresadik (Dr.)
The aim of this research has been to examine the factors that drive employee performance. Employee Performance can be subjective by many factors including Intrinsic Motivation, Training, Competence and Workload. In this study including Intrinsic Motivation, Training, Competence and Workload they were assessed for their capacity to predict employee performance in the Bank of Abyssinia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Employees. Each of them a quantitative research strategy and a survey research approach were adopted in the study. By distributing a questionnaire to the chosen respondents, a survey took place out. The survey's targeted members were identified using a convenience and random sampling method, and after 283 questionnaires were issued, 244 were collected. Using the SPSS Version 23 program e, descriptive, correlational, and regression analyses took place on the data acquired. The correlation analysis result showed that including Intrinsic Motivation, Competence and Workload significance relationship while Training has insignificant relationship with employee performance. Finally, the researcher made an effort to offer insights and future study directions based on the findings.
International Competitiveness of Ethiopia's Leather and leather products industry to the EU-28 market
(A.A.U., 2022-09-06) Ibrahim Mussa; Lakew Alemu (Dr.)
In our quickly developing globalized reality, the competitiveness of a particular national economy and its business environment is a critical factor for the economic, political and societal development of a country as well as for economic alliances. In the light of substantial improvement in export growth and changing internal and external economic environment. The aim of this paper is to investigate the major sources of export performance, the changes in international competitiveness and comparative advantages of Ethiopia's leather and leather products export to the EU-28 market and analyze the reasons for these changes for the period between (2009–2019). The performance indicators employed for the study are two measures of specialization; the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and the Revealed Symmetry Comparative Advantage (RSCA) and a measure of competitiveness, the Market Share (MS) Index using yearly data from 2009 -2019. To infer competitiveness from the changes in export value over time, a first- level Constant Market Share (CMS) analysis was used to decompose the changes in export value into a structural effect, competitive effect and second-order effect. To augment this technique, an empirical analysis on the determinants of Ethiopia's leather and Leather products export was conducted using the Armington trade model by OLS regression on yearly basis, with quantity market share as the dependent variable. The result of the indices of specialization, shows Ethiopia has a comparatively high RCA in leather and leather products exports to the EU-28 over the selected economies during the period of study. This indicates that Ethiopia has a comparative advantage which is significant potential for specialization in leather and leather products export. In terms of competitiveness, Ethiopia market share value has declined over the study period. Judging by the operational definition of competitiveness, Ethiopia has been less competitive. The CMS decomposition of changes in export values indicates that the changes in export value of Ethiopia can be attributed to structural effect (growth of the market) mainly. The result of empirical analysis indicates that level of specialization and relative price ratio has a strong impact on the Quantity market share of Ethiopia in EU-28 market, on the other hand, exchange rate and trade agreements seem less important determinants for the success of Quantity market share in the target market.
The Impact of Marketing Strategy on the Organizational Performance in Case of Ethiopian Banks
(A.A.U, 2023-06-02) Yalewayker Mazengiaw; Tewodros Wuhib (Asst Prof)
This research aimed to investigate the impact of marketing strategies on the performance of Ethiopian banks. The researcher used both descriptive and explanatory research designs to explain the relationship between marketing mix strategies and the performance of Ethiopian banks. The sample size of 147 employees from all main branches of Ethiopian commercial banks was determined using the census method. The data sources include primary and secondary data. A structured close-ended questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale is used to gather data. The data is analyzed using statistical software, and the results will be presented through tables, graphs, and charts. The study collected demographic data from respondents and analyzed their characteristics to gain insights into how they may influence the study's findings. Based on the responses, and the product and promotion were rated positively, while the price, place, and performance received lower ratings, with some variation in responses for specific aspects. Regression analysis was conducted, and the F-value of 25.519 and a significance level of .000 indicated that the predictors collectively have a significant impact on the overall Performance. The standardized coefficients (Beta) revealed that Promotion and Product were the most important predictors of Performance. The study tested four hypotheses related to the effects of product, price, place, and promotion on performance. The results showed that product and price have significant effects on market performance, while the place had an insignificant effect. The promotion was found to have a significant effect on performance. The R Square value of 0.438 indicated that approximately 44% of the variance in the outcome variable is explained by the predictors in the model. Pearson correlation coefficients and significance levels were used to test for collinearity among predictor variables, and all of the predictor variables had tolerance values greater than 0.1, indicating no significant collinearity among them. Furthermore, all of the VIF values were less than 10, which is a positive sign. In conclusion, this study revealed that not all market strategy dimensions have a positive effect on market performance. Product and promotion were found to have a significant positive effect on performance. Price and location had a positive but insignificant effect on performance. These findings have important implications for Ethiopian banks looking to improve their marketing strategies and overall performance.
Determinants of Soybean Export Performance in Ethiopia
(AAU, 2023-11-18) Belayneh Kassahun; Dejene Tulu (PhD)
Export is one of the most important business activities that play a significant role for economic development of nations. Hence, this study aimed to examinedeterminants of Soybean export performance in Ethiopia. Structured interview with 168Soybean exporter firms, who were selected using probability sampling technique supplemented by key informant interview, was applied.Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression model of data analysis are used to identify the determinants of Soybean export performance in the study area. In this study Soybeanexport performance is measured in terms of annual export income. The descriptive statistics result shows that, the mean Soybeanexport income is 199,416.50 USD per year. Among the variables from literatureland size under Soybean, training, price and stable exchange rate are significantly and positively affecting the Soybeanexport performance in the study area. On the other hand, quality of Soybean productaffects Soybeanexport performance of firmssignificantly and negatively. Thus, in the process of exporting Soybean, these variables should be considered by the government decision makers, sector associations and chamber of commerce at different level and individual export firm owners and or managers.Cross-sectional data can only show differences between people at a single point in time. To understand how these differences change over time, future studies should collect time series data
Factors Affecting Deposit Mobilization of Commercial Banks in Ethiopia in Case of Bank of Abyssinia S.C
(A.A.U, 2023-06-03) Iyasu Kasahun; Tewodros Wuhib (Ass.Pro)
Deposit is one of the resources financial institutions highly motivated to mobilize the liquid asset that is found in the treasury of the bank and which is ready to be dispensed to whom in need. The deposit mobilization of the banks can be affected by lots of different factors. This study tried to fill the gap that considering there are more factors that are as significant as the major commonly known factors; interest rate, inflation rate, exchange rate which affect deposit mobilization such as; emerging banks which are ethnic based, permit of foreign well-organized banks in order to be established and the impacts which result from new NBE proclamations. The general objective of the study is to examine the factors affecting deposit mobilization in commercial banks of Ethiopia in the case of BoA S.C. A mixed methods research approach underpinned by a pragmatist research philosophy, using predominantly quantitative methods with some qualitative elements added after analysis of the quantitative data to further explain key findings of the research. This study has been conducted through all the four grade branches of BOA (from Grade 1-3 and corporate branch) by selecting four branches (one from each) and district and head office staffs. As branches with same grade are homogenous in all aspects because of the bank’s standard, and since they all possess a same organizational structure, behaviour and culture plus working environment four branches will be selected randomly. Descriptive and inferential techniques have been adopted for analysis of data collected from questionnaire respondents. The study shows that the factors that effect of deposit movement were the human capital, deposit mobilization strategy, interest rate, product and services, and government roles and political conditions. as a result, adopting strong strategic plan which is measurable and feasible aligned with continual review of the dynamic market could help the bank to mobilize the resources which the bank highly in need of it and helps them to deal with the dynamic business environment.

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