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Item Philological and Textual Analysis of the Ethiopic Book of Amos(Addis Ababa,University, 2001-07) Abebe, Tsegaye; Alehegne, Mersha (PhD)This thesis focuses on the philological, comparative and textual analysis of the Ethiopic Book of Amos. Among the numerous Ge’ez manuscripts of the Book Amos, located with other prophetic books, the manuscript UNESCO 10.34 is worth studying. When one compares this manuscript with five other manuscripts, namely EMML 7584, Cambridge 1970, EMIP 01029, EMIP 01095 and UNESCO 10.04, one notices surprising phenomena. UNESCO 10.34 contains a considerable amount of unique readings, difficult to explain by scribal errors, by innovative readings. The interesting question would then be to try to explain the reason or reasons for such remarkable differences. One may not exclude here the probability of a Ge’ez translation from a Greek, Hebrew or Arabic text totally different from the one that used for the other five manuscripts. The full text of Ethiopic Amos according to the UNESCO 10.34 is displayed in chapter 2. In order to show the uniqueness of UNESCO 10.34, a table with six columns is prepared (Chapter 3). The types of differences are then presented in following chapters, as far as omissions, additions and substituttions are concerned. The research demonstrates the uniqueness of UNESCO 10.34, leading to need of further researches so as to ascertain the original language and text from which this interesting manuscript has emerged.Item Engineering Geological Characterization of Oda Dam Site and its Catchement Area (Northern Ethiopia)(Addis Ababa University, 2003-06) Abay, Asmelash; Ayenew, Tenalem (PhD)Dam is one of the hydraulic structures that demand the integration of many disciplines during its investigation. Geomorphological, geological, hydrological and engineering geological investigations were carried out at the proposed Oda dam so as to understand and characterize the soils and rocks of the research area from engineering geological perspective. Oda dam is proposed to be either a masonry type its combination with a rockfill type of dam located in Tigray (Northern Ethiopia) across a seasonal river called Oda River for irrigation purpose. The catchment area of Oda is 65km2 and according to the preliminary engineering design done so far by REST, the crest length and maximum dam height are 265m and 46.5m respectively although this can vary a little bit depending on the final choices of the dam axis. Slope, land form and relief, soil and land use maps of the catchment area are produced at a scale of 1:50,000 to see their impact on the dam project and each unit are described. High attitude difference and steep slopes characterize the catchment of Oda, which in turn has result in the high rate of erosion. About 74% of the total area of the watershed is covered by the sloping to moderately steep (hilly) landforms. Textural classification of the soil show that the Oda soils fall into the Sandy loam (residual origin mostly) which represent the thin soil cover (25 - 50cm) for majority of the catchment, and the silty loam soils which are restricted to the stream banks and foot slopes. Four land uses namely grazing land, shrub land homestead and others (rock outcrops, gullies, etc.) are identified and, out of these grazing land has the largest aerial coverage (84%). The main geomorphological processes that prevail in the study area are weathering, erosion, mass wasting, and geologic structures (faulting and dyke) which are responsible for the formation the various geomorphic units in the area. ii Geological maps of the whole catchment are, and reservoir and foundation at scales of 1:50,000 and 1:1000 are produced respectively. The main lithological units of the area include the alkali olivine basalt, aphaniticbasalt, welded tuff and very small outcrops dioritic rocks. The area is covered dominantly by the oldest alkali olivine basalts, which are medium to highly weathered. Slightly weathered aphanitic basalt, which occurs as dykes, sills, cape rocks and they have variable trends. The welded tuff is found at the upper part of the Oda catchment. Overlying the basaltic units and are characterized by sparsely and scattered small sized lapilli (2mm to 4mm in diameter) through out the matrix of ash. Small and negligible outcrops of dioritic outcrops are also observed in a small part of the central part of the Oda River (not mappable) and to the north of the reservoir area just on the water divide of Oda-Tengago catchments. The quaternary deposits are recent deposits found below the dam axis forming the plain areas. Dominantly two joints sets trending WNW-ESE and NNE-SSE affect the basaltic units although some third joint sets trending nearly E-W are also observed at places. 23 years of rainfall records of both the Alamata and Korem station is used to calculate arithmetic mean annual rainfall of the study area and is found to be 869mm. The calculated actual evapotranspiration value (based on long-term water balance approach) is 478.6mm. Comparison of rainfall and PET shows that rainfall eItem An Arabic Hagiography from Gojjam(Addis Ababa University, 2007-07) Mekonnen, Oumer; Ibrahim, Mohammed (PhD)Item A Philological Inquiry into Šayı ’AıMAD Šayı Siraj’s Birillé Iafa (‘AJAMI-’OROMO) Manıumah Manuscript(2007-07) Hakim, Mohammed; Gori, Alessandro (Professor)Item The Life and Works of the Shaykh of Abret (1908-'1978) with Special Reference to His Arabic Manuscripts(Addis Ababa University, 2007-07) Delil, Nuredin; Gori, Alessandro (Prof.)Tht; prin cipal and ge neral objective of this study is to assess the inLell ecLual contribu tio ns of Ethiopian Muslim scholars Lowards the dcvc lopmenL of Is lamic culture in the country. To Rch ir:ve ih is objcr:tivc I have used thc works of the Sha.ykh. of /\b reL l!S a casc study. The spcei fic obj ectives the study arc: wriLin g a bricl biography of the Shaykh of Abret, collecting and preserving h is works, making a brief conten t analysis, and making his works available ready for fu rther studi es. Using pnmary and secondary sources and the :MSS of the Shaykh of Abrel, the s tudy has a Llempted to achieve both objectives. l3ased on the above specific objective and metlmods, the b iography a nd the works of the Shaykh of Abret arc discusscd brieny. As a result, the cultural , social and ideological innuenccs of thc Shaylch a rc studied. In chapter one the b3c kgraund of the sludy, in ch'"lpte r Iwo the historical ... md rc lig;ou s background of the Gurage people, in chapter three a brief biography of the Shaylch of Abre t, in cha pter four the works of'\the Shaylch, and in chapter conclu s ion and recommcndations arc d iscussed . Since the con tributions wriLlc n by him a rc many in number, the study could only give a brief content analysis.Item Sheikh Seid Muhammed Sadiq(1889-1969Philological, Historical and Patriotic Legacies(Addis Ababa University, 2007-07) Mohammed, Endris; Mazengia, Shimelis (PhD)The main aim of the thes is is to bring to light the manuscripts of Sheikh Seid Muhammed Sadiq ( 1889-1969 E.C. or 1897- 1977). Moreover, the study seeks to ponray the cont ributions of Sheikh Seid towards documenting Ethiopi an hi story and deve loping Ethiopian patriotic consciousness as well as strengthening the Ethiopian unity. The study attempts to identify and classify the legacies of Sheikh Seid . His manu scripts, written in Amharic and Arabi c, are examined and analyzed. By so doing, the study provides a share of impetus for enriching the limi ted documentary evidence about the contribu tions of the Ethiopian Muslim clerica l scholars. The research endeavors to show the role of Sheikh Seid as an agent of patriotism and unity among the Ethiopian people. Further more, the study makes an eff O it to point out the contribution of Sheikh Surveilling some gaps in the political , social and cultural hi story of the country.Item Institute Of Language Studies(Addis Ababa University, 2008-03) Desta, Mekonnen; Marrassini, Paolo (Prof.)Many scholars have been concerned with Ethiopian hagiographies is in general and some have dealt with Gad/a Habta Maryam in particular. However this giidl has only been described in a very limited manner and deserves more attention. This paper consists of four chapters. The first chapter deals with the background of the study, the scope, the objectives, methodology and the application of the result. The following chapter 2, 3, 4 focuses on the issues of the research. The second chapter concerns the author, date, contents features and classification of the text, the third chapter deals with the content of the gadl which describes the saint's biography, episodes from his life including miracles etc. Based on the above chapters, historical, ideological, sociological, political ethical theological values will be presented in chapter fi nally summarize the result of the research and draws conclusion.Item Historical and Philological Analysis of Gadla 'Ewostatewos(Addis Ababa University, 2008-11) Getnet, Samuel; Habtu, Hailu (PhD)This thesis focuses on the late medieval mss of Gadla 'Ewtatewos. The reason why the researcher selected the topic at hand is that the ms is not well known among the general public and has not been studied deeply by scholars, although it constitutes a rich source of historical, religious and cultural events of the epoch. The study uses a comparative methodology, whereby the three mss, that is ms TG (the ms in Tara Gadam), ms NA (the ms in National Archives) and EMML 529 (the ms in rES) , are compared for their similarities and differences. Chapter one consists of the background of the study, review of related literature, statement of the problem, as well as the objective, methodology, scope and s ignificance of the study. In Chapter two, the researcher makes an a nalysis, including a list of the three mss of Gadla 'Ewostatewos, a description of the mss of TG, and notes about the hagiographer and about the date of composition of ms TG. Chapter three deals with content analysis of the Gadl comprising an account of historical, political, religious, ideological and cultural events of the epoch and The historical part gives a wide description of the biography of 'Ewos(atewos and notes about his parents and grandparents. This chapter a lso includes his teachings concernmg the religious aspect, an account is given of 'Ewostatewos' teachings on the sabbaths, the Trinity, the incarnation and moral issues with regard to socia l issu es, 'Ewostatewos expressed opposition to the slave trade and polygamy. The new findings on the Gadl is a lso expressed in this ch apter, such as: the meaning of the name 'Ewostatewos, the hi ~to rical relations between Sudan and Ethiopia, the ideological differences between the house of 'Anorewos and the house of 'Ewostatewos. Chapter Four shows historical, religious and hagiographical problems of Gadl 'Ewostatewos In chapter Five, the researcher engages in a philological analysis based on the two mss (TG and NA). This is concerned especially with conjunctive and polygenetic errors and linguistic problems such as syntax, phonology, morphology, gender, number, etc. Finally chapter six conclu des in conclusion and recommendations.Item Analysis of law and legal history (fiqh) of Jamal AI-Din AI- Anni's manuscript: With Philological description and partial translation(Addis Ababa University, 2009-04) Hussein, Faysel; Gensler, Orin (Prof.)When we discuss the contribution of Shaikh Jamal AI-Din AI-Almi, based on his manuscript Kitab AI-Fatwa, we find that his work represents a masterpiece in legal and cultural history. In gene rai, the inS expresses his legal and theological opinions whi ch are offered in the form of Fatwa. Also, AI -Almi mentions, in his Kitab AI-Fatwa manuscript, his legal sources from which he derived the answers to the questions he was asked. The sources he indicates include the Q uran, Hadith, Sunna, Ijma' and qiyas. These are the basic sources for AI-Anni's Fatwa. He also accepted customary law Cur! '-'YO) so lon g as it did not contrad ict the Sharia, given the circumstances that existed during the 19,h century in north ern Ethiopia where he lived. The language and content of the manuscript point to a very high degree of Islamic cultural and literary development in the country . Inquiries were submitted to Shaikh AI-Anni from virtually all sectors of Muslim society from all parts of Ethiopia. His leadership is still recogni zed and he is widely known as th e most prominent s piritual leader and teacher of the Muslim popUlation in Etl1iopia and elsewhere in the Horn.Item Catalogue of Some Selected Manuscripts in Beta Mariam Church (Lalibelar)(Addis Ababa University, 2009-06) Ayalew, Hailemariam; Marrassini, Paolo (Prof.)This thesis presents a catalogue of 14 previously inaccessible and undocumented manuscripts' which are present in Beta marianl Church in Lalibela. All of the manuscripts are, "as usual; .. religious in content. They are: I. Lectionary for Palm . Sunday and Passion Week (Homilies 'on the Passion); 2. Funeral services; 3. Homilies for the ' Archangel Michael's fe stivals with Miracles of this Archangel; 4. The Book of Hexaemeron; 5. Miracle of Jesus; 6. The Book of penance;7. Arganond Woddase, or Arganond DongOl; 8. Baptism Ritual; 9. Three books of the Bible bound together (Samuel, Kings and Isaiah); 10. The Book of Baralam and YawasOf; , 11-12. Prayers of Incense; 13, The book of Chants (Mawaso't and Zommare), 14. The Book of onqobiihare. . The language of all but one of the manuscripts described 'in this catalogue is Go' oz; one . manuscript, the book of Hexaemeron, is written predominantly in Amharic and partly ill Go' Oz. This manuscript has colored illustrations in high standard traditional Ethiopian style.Item Catalogue of Some Selected Manuscripts of Dabra Sayon Church Ziway Island (lulu Guddo Island(Addis Ababa University, 2009-06) Fitsumbirhane, Desta; Marrassini, Paolo (Prof.)For countries like Ethiopia, manuscripts are the main and reliable channels that transmit the knowledge and experience of the past to the present and the future. Ethiopia is rich in manuscripts, which are dispersed all over the country, in monasteries, churches, public and private collections. Even if the exact number of the manuscripts in Ethiopia (including Eritrea) is not known, some estimate it to be around 200.000 (excluding scrolls). In spite of the historical, theological, legal, linguistic, literary, etc ... importance of these collections to the country, little work is done to exploit them. Therefore, there is a need to describe them and publish catalogues, and to invite scholars with varied interests to these forgotten treasures. There is a monastery in Ziway Island (dabra ~Oyon church) in which a people called Zay live. It is believed they migrated during the war of Yodit Gudit with the Ark of the covenant of Axum. The monastery is one of the main depositories collections of codices, written from 6th-8th C after the coming of the Nine Saints. However, individual scholars, and local and international projects did not give enough attention to the collection of Ziway Island, not even the UNESCO sponsored EMML project, although it did microfilm some from 8 Sep. 1969 to 12 Feb. 1970. This paper seeks to fill this gap by focusing on the collection of Ziway Island (dabra ~Oyon monastery) The monastery, located in East-south of Addis Ababa 160km far from Addis Ababa, is to believed to have been founded in 845 E.C, the people from Axum who migrated to Ziway Lake and lived there for 40 years during the war ofYodit Gudit. It is also believed that after the death of Yodit Gudit, they left many Arks and manuscripts in the Island when some of them returned to Axum. According to the inventory of the monastery, it possesses around 40 manuscripts some of them damaged through time. The paper tries to list, describe and prepare a complete catalogue of 12 biographical manuscripts which happen to be the better preserved ones. I hope the study will invite secular as well as ecclesiastical scholars to utilize the treasure hid in them.Item Ethio-Eritrea Conflict: In Search of Remedies for the Deadlock(Addis Ababa University, 2009-06) Teklu, Gebreyohannes; Leroy, Marcel (PhD)The conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea has brought a major setback to the peace and security of the two countries with devastating impacts against the wider Horn of Africa. Efforts made to bring the warring parties to a lasting solution have continued to fail. The conflict is more deeply rooted and complex than a simple territorial issue. In the process, the mediator's efforts including the Algiers agreement have failed to resolve the crisis because of lack of proper understanding of the root causes of the conflict. This has led both countries to remain in 'no war and no peace' situation, with the potential for destabilizing each other. As is often said, 'knowing the problem is half way to the solution', the key to the whole effort in resolving the Ethiopia-Eritrea conflict is to be found in deeper analysis of why the previous efforts had fai led and thoughtful inquiry of critical factors that lie beyond the superficial causes of the conflict. Having a clear understanding of the root cause of the conflict is very important to make an assessment of the attempts made so far have helped to end the hostility or they have just perpetuated it. To this effect, this study identified political and historical factors as a subsidiary causes while territorial disagreement has been a pretext. It argued that the economic issues and the conception of military invincibility were comparatively the cardinal causes of the conflict. Finally, the research concludes that the way out from the current deadlock depends on the legal and political options. But both these options did not have common ground and lack the critical element of a win-win approach that can reconcile both parties' respective national interests. Even though the issue still remains largely as a legal case, its final and sustainable solution depends on comprehensive political dialogue and concerns. Therefore, the thesis finally proposed the need to undel1ake a series of mutual interest based negotiations and the initiative along with committed political dialogue and demarcation as a creative approach to end the current stalemate .Item Developments in the Oral and Written Traditions About Makadda and Solomon(Addis Ababa University, 2009-07) Mesfin, Gidena; Gensler, Orin (Prof.)Item Textual Analysis of Gadla Yam ata(Addis Ababa University, 2009-07) Abrha, Hagos; Gensle, Orin (Prof, )Yam'ata is one of the Nine Saints (Roman monks according to tradition) who carne to Ethiopia in the 5th - 6 th cen turies . This p eriod is known as the Second Christianization of Ethiopia. All the Nine Sain ts con tributed a great deal to the spreading of Chris tianity th roughou t the Northern parts of Ethiopia . Each of the Nine Saints has his own h agiography . At least two of them have been edited and pu bl ished by Italian sch olars ; for instan ce, Giidlii Ariigawi by Ignazio Guidi and Giidlii P'iint'iilewon by Conti Rossini. Giidlii Yom'ata is among the unedited and unpublished h agiographies. Manu scripts of the h agiography of Saint Yam'ata are found in Gfu'alta and Wiij fuat. The focus of this research is thus the textual analysis of Giidlii Yam'ata. The researcher collected ten manuscripts of Giidlii Yom'ata, digitalized and printed them. The obj ective of this study is to analyze philological and historical featu res of the manuscripts, to show the use of figu rative language in the manuscripts, to show some linguistic and textual differences among the manuscripts and to propose a stemma for the manuscripts. Th is research will deliver a new pnmary source to historians, linguists and scholars of literature . The analysis in this paper draws on interrelated fields (philology, history, lin guist ics and li terature) . Philologically, the paleography, parchment, number of folios, number of columns, penmanship, family tree, archetype, and subarchetypes of the manuscripts h ave been analyzed. The research er has also presented a brief comparative historical analysis of the names of the Nine SQints, where they came from, and where they li\'ed in Eth iopia. The figurative language found in Giidlii Yam'ata and some poems attri bu ted to Y~m ' ata have also been analyzed. Highly expressive and figurative poems about the likeness of Ym'ata's body (£Tntdl'?: ,e9''''?;:/') are given at the end.Item A Study of Narrative Techniques in the Chronicle of Yohannesi (?aalaf Sagad)(Addis Ababa University, 2009-10) Sisay, Tadewos; Habtu, Hailu (PhD)Foreign and Ethiopian scholars, have studied different Ethiopian chronicles and made critical editions on the Ethiopian chronicles. Howeve0 these do not discus narrative techniques. This thesis thus, aims at analyzing the narrative structure, characterization, narrative elements and; narrative times of the chronicle of Yonannes. The thesis has four parts. The first chapter is the introductory part. It gives background information and the general outline of the paper. It also devotes to the theoretical part which deals with the approach of the four narrative techniques. Chapter two 0(1 narrative structure characterization and narrative elements. Chapter three discusses order of narrative time, duration of narrative time, and frequency of narrative time. The fourth chapter is the conclusion.Item A Catalogue of Some Selected Manuscripts in Abba Afase Church(Addis Ababa University, 2009-11) Minasse, Ashenafi; Gensler, Prof. OrinThis thesis paper presents a catalogue of 12 formerly uncatalogued and inaccessible manuscripts which are found in Abba Af;)~e Church in Yeha (Tigrai). All of these manuscripts are religious in contentItem The Arabic Numerology Manuscript of Shaykh Muhammad' aman Hadaga(Addis Ababa University, 2009-11) Abda, Nuredin; Ahemd, Husein (Prof.)Th is is a thes is on Arsi-Arabic literanlre with spec ific refe rence to Shaykh Muhammad'aman HaJaga and his manuscr ipt on 'awlliq or numerology . The manllscript was written in Arabic in 1383 A.H. ( 1956 AD.) under the title MifiiII! al-MighliIq SarI! Sullflll! al-Mar:hl Ii 11m :/1- ':/lIlliq , .to SI .1, .i .1 .. II eL r ,;;. .)\.Ujl rW. "The Ke\ to the Lock: .-\n Elaburatlon 01' the ,'-' J r---...;>.....,,~ ..... --' '-' '- Ladder of r\scens ion in the Science uf 'fllVlliq" The thes is is divid ed into fi ve chapters. The first is an introduction where I state the problem, re view related literature, outline the historical background and hi ghlight the research area. I\;umerology is just one small part of the broader field of occultism, and is intertwined with other branches of occultism (e.g. astrology, geomancy etc. ). Hence, in the second chaptcr. I give an in troduction to oeculr- ism ,lIld issues relilled thereto: li rst a general Introduction to occ ulti sm, fo llowed by an overview or Arabic· lslamic occult traditions and finall y louking intu Ethiopian occul tism. Chapter three provides a biography 0[' Shaykh M uhammad'aman Haclaga (1873-1959 A.D) r\ fter the ea rly tragic death of his father and elder bro ther he lived alone wi th his mother among a tribe other than his fathe r's. This sense of suc ial iso lation developed in him an attitude of Independe nce and advocacy for disadva ntaged groups and was to ha ve great Impact on his personality he was a distinguished scholar and soci,li figure. It is an in teresting to find an original work on occult traciiti un by an EthiopiCin >c hoLlr. descri be and examine th is worK in the fo urth chapter. According to iniormallis. it is the only \\'ork of its kind by an Arsi schola r. Shaykh fvluhammad 'Jman followed the conventional pract ice 0 1' Muslil11 schola rs bv prl1tiucing his work in thc lorm of a POCI11 anti thcn \\Ti ting an authoritati\'c coml11entary on it. I prcscl1l excerpts frol11 Ihc poe III ,Inti thc COI11I11<:III'l r)" wi th ph ilological and con tent -oriented discussion,Item A Catalogue of Come Selected Manuscripts in Hayq St. :Estiphanos Abune Iyasus Mo'a Monastery(Addis Ababa University, 2010-01) Worku, Belay; Tefera, Amsalu (PhD)This thesis describes, analyzes and study primarily 13 se lected MSS of the ancients manuscripts, which a re found in Dabra \-layq St. 3stiphanos Abuna lyyasus Mo'a, monastery. The historical and philological significance of thc manuscripts is investigated in terms of cataloging. The cataloguing has been made in order to study the authenticity of the MSS, to list out unknown and ancient MSS using the scientific method and to give an ext ensive comment on the physical and substantial nature MSS. The research enclose MSS which a re not previously cataloged by others scholars. I t is made through critical and careful id entification by the help of observing a lready publi shed materials , microfilms, observing inventory records of the monastery's Q'esa-Gabaz (Treasurer). The study is significant for further studies. The pnmary materials the researcher uses are digital photographs of 13 MSS which are found in Dabra I;-l ayq. Where as other sources like interviews, In - depth investigation of the collections of (Ethiopian manuscripts microfilm Library and Hill Monastic Microfilm Library which are catalogues of numerous Ethiopian manuscripts available in IES and National Library). The research answers questions related to the major importance and significance of cataloguing man u scripts with reference to Dabra \-layq St. 3st;iphanos Abuna Iyyasus Mo'a, monastery. In this regard it is very useful to perform professional cataloging in many manuscript collection of Ethiopian Church.Item Historical and Textual Analysis of Gadla Zaraburuk(Addis Ababa University, 2010-03) Adane, Tegbaru; Habitu, Hailu (PhD)The principal objective of this thesis is to show the social and spiritual life of the Saint Zara Buruk through the analysis of his Gadla. The manuscript of Gadlli Ziira BU11.Lk has not been critically studied. The present study mainly focuses on both the forms and contents of the manuscripts of Zara Buruk in Hagara Salam Zara Buruk Church (G.Z.B.H. l) and in the Institute of Ethiopian Studies (G.Z.B.I.E.S) as well as the manuscript of Maba $ayon, again in the Institute of Ethiopian Studies. (G.M.$.l.E.S.) The manuscript of Zara Buruk is a very rich source of historical, religious, socio-economic and cultural events. In order to make clear this idea I tried to compare the contents of his Gadalat with other manuscripts. Ethiopian culture in the last quarter of the 17th century had both bad and good features. The manuscript discusses at leavth of tobacco snuffing, common in the Saint's epoch and condemns it. On the other hand, the community (association) ""'l"lOC of Christians that gathered together in the name of Abuna Zara Buruk was free from such bad practice. The content analysis deals with textual, historical, religious cultural and socio-economic events. Famous persons such as "Queen" SabIa Wangel, and KingsIyasuI, and Yostos are some of the historical characters mentioned in the Gadalat. In the discussion on religion, Biblical, nomenclature words, phrases, sentences and paragraphs are studied with reference explanations.Item Philological and Historical Inquiry into Sayu. 'Abdallah Bin Sali!;t's Histo l"y Manuscript(Addis Ababa University, 2010-06) Umar, Muhammadtayyib; Gensler, Orin (Prof.)