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Item 'Abay through Written Literature of Ethiopia: A Focus on Ethiopic Ecclesiastical Sources [Analysis, Translation and Commentary](Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Gelaye, Girma; Alehegne, Mersha (PhD)Ethiopian scholars, for example (Teferi , 2004:6), (Yaekob 2007:21 ), (Yiwlsew, 2012:10 ) ,and others did different researches related with 'Abay. All of their research was connected with 'Abay. However, they were not focused on the issue of 'Abay as it is expounded in the popular jmagination of Ethiopia in general and the country's ecclesiastical culture and knowledge in particular. The principal objective of the thesis is to bring light on how the River has long been documented and interpreted in the textual culture of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tawahado Church. To do this, the researcher collects different excerpts from different Manuscripts which deal on Abay and analysis them from the point of view of religious, political, social, economic, and geographical approaches. In order to accomplish the above work, this work is designed to have five chapters: the first chapter deals with introductory issues; the second and third chapters will contain description of the manuscripts investigated and the analysis of the excerpts with annotated translation respectively. The last chapter concludes the paper, by summarizing the evidences. Finally the research came up with the following findings; First Ethiopian orthodox Tawahado Church Manuscripts are the primary informants about 'Abay River, So researchers better to communicate with those manuscripts on 'Abay issue. And the Church make open to discuss and teach her followers about, How Abay penetrate in Ethiopian Orthodox Tiwahado Church Commentary. The main finding of the study is the strong relation of Abay River, with Ethiopian religion, political, social, Economic, and Geographical situation is already described.Item Analysis of law and legal history (fiqh) of Jamal AI-Din AI- Anni's manuscript: With Philological description and partial translation(Addis Ababa University, 2009-04) Hussein, Faysel; Gensler, Orin (Prof.)When we discuss the contribution of Shaikh Jamal AI-Din AI-Almi, based on his manuscript Kitab AI-Fatwa, we find that his work represents a masterpiece in legal and cultural history. In gene rai, the inS expresses his legal and theological opinions whi ch are offered in the form of Fatwa. Also, AI -Almi mentions, in his Kitab AI-Fatwa manuscript, his legal sources from which he derived the answers to the questions he was asked. The sources he indicates include the Q uran, Hadith, Sunna, Ijma' and qiyas. These are the basic sources for AI-Anni's Fatwa. He also accepted customary law Cur! '-'YO) so lon g as it did not contrad ict the Sharia, given the circumstances that existed during the 19,h century in north ern Ethiopia where he lived. The language and content of the manuscript point to a very high degree of Islamic cultural and literary development in the country . Inquiries were submitted to Shaikh AI-Anni from virtually all sectors of Muslim society from all parts of Ethiopia. His leadership is still recogni zed and he is widely known as th e most prominent s piritual leader and teacher of the Muslim popUlation in Etl1iopia and elsewhere in the Horn.Item An Analysis of Wolayta Proverbs: Function in Focus(Addis Ababa University, 2012-05) Alemayehu, Fikre; Mathews, Berhanu (PhD)The major goal of this study is to analyze the functions of Wolayta proverbs and their sociocultural use. To achieve this goal, an attempt has been made to collect proverbs from different villages of Wolayta zone. Four hundred proverbs were collected through tape recording, interviews and observation with native speakers of Wolayta Language. The data were subjected to analysis to determine their major functions. Descriptive technique of qualitative research methodology was used to explain the functions of the proverbs in the daily life of the Wolayta people. From the four hundred proverbs fifty five proverbs were selected for analysis and the rest three hundred forty proverbs were translated and categorized according to their functions and appended to the paper. The findings indicated that Wolayta proverbs have four major functions these are aesthetic, didactic, normative and reflective. Reflective functions of proverbs do have in this study implies that they are used to persuade one's communication, attract listener, get the attention of addressee, contend human cognitive economy refresh human thought, give a clue to one's speech and bring about a common understanding among the people who take a certain social event, particularly arbitration. The didactic function of the proverbs that the researcher identified in this study is that proverbs teach morals, diligence and purity, and critics' immoralities such as ridicules, snobbislmess, laziness and other forms of wicked human behavior. Normative function of proverbs entai ls the use of proverbs to regulating established norms of the society by punishing deviant behaviors so as to bring individuals dilemma to conform to the dominant cultural values. Reflective proverbs reflect the customary practices, the values of morality and the strictness of Wolayta social laws. Thus, the Wolayta proverbs play great roles in strengthening social conformity and creating public responses to social, cultural and economic obstacles. Furthermore, the study has attempted to show that proverbs can be used for building up a community, maintaining culture and producing responsible people.Item An Arabic Hagiography from Gojjam(Addis Ababa University, 2007-07) Mekonnen, Oumer; Ibrahim, Mohammed (PhD)Item The Arabic Numerology Manuscript of Shaykh Muhammad' aman Hadaga(Addis Ababa University, 2009-11) Abda, Nuredin; Ahemd, Husein (Prof.)Th is is a thes is on Arsi-Arabic literanlre with spec ific refe rence to Shaykh Muhammad'aman HaJaga and his manuscr ipt on 'awlliq or numerology . The manllscript was written in Arabic in 1383 A.H. ( 1956 AD.) under the title MifiiII! al-MighliIq SarI! Sullflll! al-Mar:hl Ii 11m :/1- ':/lIlliq , .to SI .1, .i .1 .. II eL r ,;;. .)\.Ujl rW. "The Ke\ to the Lock: .-\n Elaburatlon 01' the ,'-' J r---...;>.....,,~ ..... --' '-' '- Ladder of r\scens ion in the Science uf 'fllVlliq" The thes is is divid ed into fi ve chapters. The first is an introduction where I state the problem, re view related literature, outline the historical background and hi ghlight the research area. I\;umerology is just one small part of the broader field of occultism, and is intertwined with other branches of occultism (e.g. astrology, geomancy etc. ). Hence, in the second chaptcr. I give an in troduction to oeculr- ism ,lIld issues relilled thereto: li rst a general Introduction to occ ulti sm, fo llowed by an overview or Arabic· lslamic occult traditions and finall y louking intu Ethiopian occul tism. Chapter three provides a biography 0[' Shaykh M uhammad'aman Haclaga (1873-1959 A.D) r\ fter the ea rly tragic death of his father and elder bro ther he lived alone wi th his mother among a tribe other than his fathe r's. This sense of suc ial iso lation developed in him an attitude of Independe nce and advocacy for disadva ntaged groups and was to ha ve great Impact on his personality he was a distinguished scholar and soci,li figure. It is an in teresting to find an original work on occult traciiti un by an EthiopiCin >c hoLlr. descri be and examine th is worK in the fo urth chapter. According to iniormallis. it is the only \\'ork of its kind by an Arsi schola r. Shaykh fvluhammad 'Jman followed the conventional pract ice 0 1' Muslil11 schola rs bv prl1tiucing his work in thc lorm of a POCI11 anti thcn \\Ti ting an authoritati\'c coml11entary on it. I prcscl1l excerpts frol11 Ihc poe III ,Inti thc COI11I11<:III'l r)" wi th ph ilological and con tent -oriented discussion,Item The Biographical Manuscript of Šayò Muḥammad Tağ Ad-Dīn with Historical Insights(Addis Ababa University, 2017-09) Bedru, Amir Bedru; Muhammad, Endris (PhD)This thesis presents the biography of Šayò Muḥammad Tağ AD-Dīn and clarifications of codicological and content description and historical insights on his biographical manuscript titled ʼIʻlāmul ’aġebiyā bi- ḥayāt ʻuẓ’amā ʼItyubiyā min al-ʻulamā wal ʼawliyā wasalāṭ’īn al-Islām wa’sāṭīnulʼaṣfiyā. Enlightening the innocent about the biography of the famous Ethiopian‗Ulamā, Saints and Islamic Sultanates and pious Rulers‖. The manuscript deals with the biography of different sheikhs, explanations on religious issues and some insights on different historical facts of our country. The study focuses on different historical issues and the judgments given on consumption of local customs like chewing cat, gobädän and using rosary and drinking coffee.Item Biological Thoughts as they are Enlightened in the Ethiopian Commentary Tradition: Annotation, Translations and Commentary(Addis Ababa Universiy, 2013-04) Tadese Abebe, Rodas; Alehegne, Dr. MershaThe andamta corpus of Amharic commen tary on Ge'ez biblical and patristic texts derives its n ame from the repeated use of 'andam', meaning 'and (there is) one (who says)', to introduce d ifferent interpretations. The corpus is in four parts: Old Testament, New Testament, The Books of the Scholars and the books of Monks . It represents a long running Ethiopian oral tradition, possibly originating from Aksumite Kingdom between the advent of Christianity, and the ninth century, now written down and recently partly published, a lthough important commentaries remain unpublished. Althou gh the primary goal of Andamta are to spiritual ideas but also Andamta as a hot bed for many Sciences such as h istorical, philological, biological and medical laws a re raised h ere and there as it a ttempts to explain their relations to human's lives. As a result of there are also many in sights in andamta to biological science like human biology, plant biology, and a nimal biology. Therefore, the study will discuss the above-mentioned points in detail especia lly in regard with the biological ideas from the andamta.Item The Book of Fisalgos A Historical and Textual Analysis With Some Philological and Theological Observations(Addis Ababa University, 2010-11) Kebede, Mamo; Gensler, Orin (Professor)This research attempts to disclose the features and composition of an ancient manuscript which dates back more than one and a half millennia. The book of Fisəlgos is not an indigenous work of the Ethiopian Church scholars, but a 5 Abstract th The book has the nature of a bestiary or animal lore according to ancient natural Philosophy. It also shows a Christian knowledge of the Holy Bible. It talks about fantastic creatures like animals, birds, and even plants and precious stones. The book has philological, dogmatic, and moral value: Philological, for it dates more than one and a half millennia, holds much historical as well as scientific knowledge of nature and could be studied in variant readings; dogmatic, for it correlates the natures of creatures with the person of Christ and His salvific works and teaches about the Godhead; moral, because it holds ethical thoughts instructing believers to "reason from nature". century translation of a book called Physiologus which was originally composed in Greek in Alexandria in about 140 AD. Though the writer remains anonymous, there is a hypothesis that it was translated into Gə’əz in about the fourth to fifth century by Aba Selama Kesate Berhan or by the nine Saints or by a bilingual Ethiopian scholar who remains unidentified. The research shows that the book of Fisəlgos has a lot to do with the Ethiopic andəmta which has nurtured the religious thoughts and moral philosophy of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahido Church. The book of Fisəlgos discloses much knowledge in the fields of natural history, philosophy and language as well. Thus the thesis recommends further study of variant readings and a critical edition.Item Case system of Kafinoonoo(Addis Ababa University, 2012-06) Kassa, Taye; Hellenth, Hellenth (PhD)This thesis is a study of the case system of Kafinoonoo. Its focus is on marking of core and peripheral arguments. In addition, genitive case marking and case in different constructions like NPs, pronominals and passive are also discussed. In core argument, arguments in A/S position and arguments in O position have been seen. According to the data by which this thesis is conducted; arguments in A/S position are not morphologically marked. In other words nominative case in Kafinoonoo is morphologically unmarked. This is the first study to show that proper names, morphologically marked nouns, simple derived names behave differently with respect to O marking. Some of them are optionally marked, some of them are obligatorily marked, and still others can occupy the O position by lengthening their final vowels and then optionally marked. In Kafinoonoo there is no consistent way of accusative marking. Proper names including personal names behave in two ways in O position. They can occupy the position either by lengthening their final vowel or they can be suffixed by -n without lengthening. Personal pronouns especially1SIG, 1PLU, 2SIG and 3distal pronouns behave similarly in O position. As in the proper names they can lengthen their final vowels and then they can be suffixed by - n. Unlike these 3proximal pronouns, marked plural nouns and derived nouns are obligatorily marked in O position by -n. Modified NPs in S/A position are not morphologically marked, whereas they can behave differently in O position. Pronominals are also not marked in A/S position but they too behave differently in O position. These can either lengthen their final vowels or they can be optionally marked by -n. Genitive in Kafinoonoo is marked in different ways. Simple juxtaposition can show the genitive case. In addition, ‘-tʃ’ can mark the genitive case in Kafinoonoo. There is still a phonologically conditioned variant of ‘-tʃ’ which also can mark the genitive in Kafinoonoo. This is ‘-dʒ’ which marks the genitive of noun that end in / m/ followed by vowel. These all are discussed in this thesis and finally the main findings are summarized.Item A Catalogue of Come Selected Manuscripts in Hayq St. :Estiphanos Abune Iyasus Mo'a Monastery(Addis Ababa University, 2010-01) Worku, Belay; Tefera, Amsalu (PhD)This thesis describes, analyzes and study primarily 13 se lected MSS of the ancients manuscripts, which a re found in Dabra \-layq St. 3stiphanos Abuna lyyasus Mo'a, monastery. The historical and philological significance of thc manuscripts is investigated in terms of cataloging. The cataloguing has been made in order to study the authenticity of the MSS, to list out unknown and ancient MSS using the scientific method and to give an ext ensive comment on the physical and substantial nature MSS. The research enclose MSS which a re not previously cataloged by others scholars. I t is made through critical and careful id entification by the help of observing a lready publi shed materials , microfilms, observing inventory records of the monastery's Q'esa-Gabaz (Treasurer). The study is significant for further studies. The pnmary materials the researcher uses are digital photographs of 13 MSS which are found in Dabra I;-l ayq. Where as other sources like interviews, In - depth investigation of the collections of (Ethiopian manuscripts microfilm Library and Hill Monastic Microfilm Library which are catalogues of numerous Ethiopian manuscripts available in IES and National Library). The research answers questions related to the major importance and significance of cataloguing man u scripts with reference to Dabra \-layq St. 3st;iphanos Abuna Iyyasus Mo'a, monastery. In this regard it is very useful to perform professional cataloging in many manuscript collection of Ethiopian Church.Item catalogue of manuscripts at the seddeqiyyu mosque: jimma zone sokorru(Addis Ababa University, 2012-06) Ibrahim, Kemal; Gensler, Orin (Professor)The philological study of the Islamic literary heritage of Ethiopia has been a shallowly approached field of research. The former kingdom of Ğimma, despite its rich Islamic history, remains almost completely unstudied in respect to philology. The purpose of this research is to present a description and catalogue of manuscripts at the Seddeqiyyu mosque in Ğimma zone, Sokorru woreda. It has 6 chapters. The first chapter gives an introduction to the whole research. The second chapter deals with the history of Islamization of the five Gibe kingdoms. The third chapter presents the biography of Šayḫ Musid al-Dīn Seddeqi, who established the Seddeqiyyu mosque and wrote almost all of the manuscripts to be studied here. In the fourth chapter the kinds of manuscripts of Seddeqiyyu mosque are introduced and typologized; particular emphasis is given to the “strange” texts and pictures which were invented by the Šayḫ. I identified 17 kinds of pictures and 6 kinds of “strange” texts. The fifth chapter is the main theme of this thesis. It deals with cataloguing the manuscripts of Seddeqa. 52 manuscripts are catalogued under four main groups. In the last chapter (six), conclusions and recommendations are given. The method used to catalogue these manuscripts is based on the one suggested by Yusuf Ziyya. However there are modifications I introduced to it, in order to make the criteria fit the nature of the manuscripts. Prior to this research the Seddeqiyyu collection was completely unstudied; it is currently kept in bad condition which makes it vulnerable to damage. I hope this study will open the gate for further studies on the collection and on previously unstudied genres of Islamic manuscripts in Ethiopia.Item A Catalogue of Some Manuscripts in Ankobarr Madhanealam Church Museum(Addis Ababa University, 2011-05) Admasu Woldehanna, Wondwosen; Seyoum, Phd. MulugetaEthiopia is a home of enormous ancient written cultures. It is also a residence of southern Semitic written accounts. G~'~z scripts are the most dominant heritage of the country. Usually they are preserved by Ethiopian Orthodox Churches especially in each church yard commonly known as [ '.;>qabetj. Even if they are more of religious they contain many secular aspects which are useful for researchers. The collection of Ankobiirr Miidbane 'Aliim Church is the selected site for this study because it was one of the five churches established by the Shoan Kings in their capital during the Medieval Period. There are three kinds of scripts such as codices, scrolls and epigraphic in the collection. From the group of codices sixty nine vellum manuscripts are taken as the total population of this study and fifteen of them are as a subject of it. The study employed on focused group discussion and document analysis as primary data sources. It was for the purpose of achieving historical references about the selected collections of this study. It also engaged secondary tools such as cataloguing works of other scholars in the same locality. After gathering data the work of catalogue has conducted with the analysis of colophons. Based on this chapter one is an introduction, chapter two the body and chapter three summaries, conclusion and recommendation. Based on the obtained major findings essential suggestions were forwarded to ameliorate the observed drawback by the researcher.Item Catalogue of Some Selected Arabic Manuscripts in Dr. Jeylan Kadir Private Collection(Addis Ababa University, 2014-03) Abdurahman, Makida; Muhammad, Endris (PhD)The philological study of Arabic manuscripts in Ethiopia in general and the collecting and cataloguing of Arabic manuscripts in particular has been neglected, though some foreign and local scholars have tried to fill the gap. The main aim of this research is to give an insight about some of the manuscripts in the custody of Dr. Jeylan Kedir by cataloguing and describing some selected Arabic mss in his private collection. The study also includes the biography of the owner of the collection who has had a significant role in collecting the Arabic manuscripts, now about 125. The researcher catalogued only 18 Arabic manuscripts.Item A Catalogue of Some Selected Manuscripts in Abba Afase Church(Addis Ababa University, 2009-11) Minasse, Ashenafi; Gensler, Prof. OrinThis thesis paper presents a catalogue of 12 formerly uncatalogued and inaccessible manuscripts which are found in Abba Af;)~e Church in Yeha (Tigrai). All of these manuscripts are religious in contentItem Catalogue of Some Selected Manuscripts in Beta Mariam Church (Lalibelar)(Addis Ababa University, 2009-06) Ayalew, Hailemariam; Marrassini, Paolo (Prof.)This thesis presents a catalogue of 14 previously inaccessible and undocumented manuscripts' which are present in Beta marianl Church in Lalibela. All of the manuscripts are, "as usual; .. religious in content. They are: I. Lectionary for Palm . Sunday and Passion Week (Homilies 'on the Passion); 2. Funeral services; 3. Homilies for the ' Archangel Michael's fe stivals with Miracles of this Archangel; 4. The Book of Hexaemeron; 5. Miracle of Jesus; 6. The Book of penance;7. Arganond Woddase, or Arganond DongOl; 8. Baptism Ritual; 9. Three books of the Bible bound together (Samuel, Kings and Isaiah); 10. The Book of Baralam and YawasOf; , 11-12. Prayers of Incense; 13, The book of Chants (Mawaso't and Zommare), 14. The Book of onqobiihare. . The language of all but one of the manuscripts described 'in this catalogue is Go' oz; one . manuscript, the book of Hexaemeron, is written predominantly in Amharic and partly ill Go' Oz. This manuscript has colored illustrations in high standard traditional Ethiopian style.Item Catalogue of Some Selected Manuscripts of Dabra Sayon Church Ziway Island (lulu Guddo Island(Addis Ababa University, 2009-06) Fitsumbirhane, Desta; Marrassini, Paolo (Prof.)For countries like Ethiopia, manuscripts are the main and reliable channels that transmit the knowledge and experience of the past to the present and the future. Ethiopia is rich in manuscripts, which are dispersed all over the country, in monasteries, churches, public and private collections. Even if the exact number of the manuscripts in Ethiopia (including Eritrea) is not known, some estimate it to be around 200.000 (excluding scrolls). In spite of the historical, theological, legal, linguistic, literary, etc ... importance of these collections to the country, little work is done to exploit them. Therefore, there is a need to describe them and publish catalogues, and to invite scholars with varied interests to these forgotten treasures. There is a monastery in Ziway Island (dabra ~Oyon church) in which a people called Zay live. It is believed they migrated during the war of Yodit Gudit with the Ark of the covenant of Axum. The monastery is one of the main depositories collections of codices, written from 6th-8th C after the coming of the Nine Saints. However, individual scholars, and local and international projects did not give enough attention to the collection of Ziway Island, not even the UNESCO sponsored EMML project, although it did microfilm some from 8 Sep. 1969 to 12 Feb. 1970. This paper seeks to fill this gap by focusing on the collection of Ziway Island (dabra ~Oyon monastery) The monastery, located in East-south of Addis Ababa 160km far from Addis Ababa, is to believed to have been founded in 845 E.C, the people from Axum who migrated to Ziway Lake and lived there for 40 years during the war ofYodit Gudit. It is also believed that after the death of Yodit Gudit, they left many Arks and manuscripts in the Island when some of them returned to Axum. According to the inventory of the monastery, it possesses around 40 manuscripts some of them damaged through time. The paper tries to list, describe and prepare a complete catalogue of 12 biographical manuscripts which happen to be the better preserved ones. I hope the study will invite secular as well as ecclesiastical scholars to utilize the treasure hid in them.Item Content Analysis Into the Manuscript of Šayḫ Ibrāhīm Giše (1909-1989): Kitābu Mawhibatu Ḏil Wafā’ Bišarḥ Ḏāt aš-Šifā(Addis Ababa University, 2014-03) Kedir, Hussen; Mohammed, Endris (PhD)This thesis presents a philological and content analysis of the Arabic manuscript Kitābu Mawhibatu ḏil Wafā’ Bišarḥ Ḏāt aš-Šifā written by Šayḫ Ibrāhīm Giše. The manuscript deals with the life and times of Prophet Muḥammad with comparative analysis of the achievements of other prophets. Besides, it treats the life and times of the four successors of the Prophet (Al-Ḫulafā’). Accordingly, this study describes the philological and content feature of the manuscript, Kitābu Mawhibatu ḏil Wafā’ Bišarḥ Ḏāt aš-Šifā including translation and analysis of selected portions of the MS that deal with the biography of Prophet Muḥammad.Item Content Analysis of Mäshafä Mäwaíýét(Addis Ababa University, 2012-06) Akal, Berhanu; Alehegn, Mersha (PhD)The aim of this study is to analyze the content of “Mäwaí’ét” which is a level of knowledge given in the ecclesiastical curriculum of Ethiopia. This knowledge is given by a book titled the Book of Mäwaíé’t which is believed to be authored by St. Yared in the 6th century. This study will help readers to know about the content of the Book of “Mäwaíé’t” and its practice in the church. It is believed to bring a new insight for further researcher in the ecclesiastical tradition in general and the liturgical texts in particular. The paper is framed to have four chapters. The first chapter is devoted to have some background notes about the famous monastery of Zur‟abba Arägawi Sérha Arym, the place where the tradition is believed to have been established by St. Yared and the King (Gäbrä Mäsqäl) and the Saints (Abba ’Arägawi and St Yared) who accompanied him to the monastery. The second chapter discusses about the origin and development of the hymn, its ecclesiastic tradition, the generation of the teachers to date. The third chapter, which is the main body of the research, presents the content analysis. The final chapter contains the conclusion remarks and glossary of terms which are used in the school.Item Developments in the Oral and Written Traditions About Makadda and Solomon(Addis Ababa University, 2009-07) Mesfin, Gidena; Gensler, Orin (Prof.)Item Documentation and Grammatical Description of Kole(Addis Ababa University, 2016-04) Gonderie, Samuel; Woldemariam, Hirut (PhD)The present study deals with Kole language and its purpose is two-fold. The first one is providing a detailed description of the Kole language, while the second one is documenting the language. The documentation is used as the base for the grammatical description ofKole. Kole is an endangered Omotic language spoken in the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Regional State in southern Ethiopia. The methods used to collect the data include group discussion, elicitation, audio and video recordings. The study tried to document different genres of traditional folks and to make the grammatical description of Kole by focusing on the language's own features. Kole has twenty seven phonemes and five vowels with their long counterparts. Consonant gemination and vowel lengthening are phonemic in the language. The syllable structure of Kole can be captured by the following general formula: C1V (V) (CO-2), where CO-2 shows the range of coda. In addition to this, Kole is a tone-accent language in which high tone occurs only once persimple word. Kole is an interesting language from morphological perspectives. The overwhelming majority of simple nouns in Kole language are disyllabic. Monosyllabic nouns are not attested. Most polysyllabic nouns that are nouns with three or more syllables are attested to be polymorphemic as well. All nominals (nouns, adjectives and numerals) show terminal (root-final) vowels in their citation form. Besides, the Kole language shows an intricate system of focus marking that affects the morpho-syntactic properties and categorization of a verb. Following the focus marker, other grammatical inflections like person, ~ense, aspect and mood are suffixed to a verb. The language distinguishes between the singular and plural number values. While verbs involve one ofthe mood markers, pronouns and demonstratives necessarily take case suffixes in order to occur as phonological words. Pronouns and demonstratives can also occur as proclitics to other words. An elaborated system of mood and modality is also observed in Kole language.Regarding syntax, the most frequent word order in Kole language is SOY. The word order is not quite rigid. As has been observed from wide variety of SO V languages, Subject-Object inversion and other phenomena frequently lead to the separation of verb from the object noun phrase, which leads inevitably to the question of wheth~r a verb phrase exists in Kole language or whether it is a non-configurational language with the rule S~ NP V. A postpositional phrase in this language is a phrase that contains a postpositional element preceded by a noun phrase or another postpositional phrase complement. Unlike other phrases, the head postposition cannot stand alone as a postpositional phrase; it rather needs an obligatory complement. In Kole, four formallstructurall categories or sentence types are distinguished: these are declarative, interrogative, imperative and optative sentence types. In the description of complex sentence types such as relative clause, complement clauses, adverbial clauses, quotaive clauses, converb, switch reference and co-ordinations are identified with their illustrative examples. The second part of the study deals with the documentation of Ko Ie language. Audio and video data of the language have been documented. The documentation includes tales, legend, interviews and language game. Annotation, transcription, gloss and translation have been done on ELAN software .