Browsing by Author "Ero, Debebe (PhD)"

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    An Assessment of Challenges and Opportunities of Ethiopian Charities
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Negash, Dagne; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    This study examined challenges and opportunities faced by Ethiopian Charites predominantly focusing on financial sustainability, organizational capacity and public image. Though, different studies are conducted on Ethiopian CSOs, there is no previous research conducted on challenges and opportunities faced by Ethiopian Charites. Therefore this study clearly indicated challenges and opportunities faced by Ethiopian charities. The research has employed a mixed methodology using different data collection technique such as document review, key informants interviews and questionnaire. Participants of this research were 20 directors/senior managers from Ethiopian charities and 5 ChSA NGO desk officers. The data obtained from the above participants using the stated techniques have been analyzed using different statistical methods such as percentage and frequency for quantitative data and coding and word description for qualitative data to inform the research inquiry. This study has focused on three thematic areas namely financial viability, organizational capacity and public image. The other areas (legal environment and advocacy) are not included in this study due to limitation of time and information. The findings of the study show that, majority of Ethiopian charities are facing myriad challenges with regard to financial sustainability, limited organizational capacity and negative Public image. The study has also identified untapped opportunities that Ethiopian charities will explore in their area of intervention and thereby to coup up challenges. Taking into account the untapped opportunities recommendation are forwarded. Accordingly, Ethiopian charities need to be committed to address internal capacity limitations via restructuring their system and set up. Donors on the other hand have to improve transparency in funding decisions and also consider the need for increased commitment to the capacity building support in the priority areas highlighted by Ethiopian charities. Ethiopian charities and their networks, as well as other pertinent stakeholders should aggressively work towards improvising relationships and foster a positive image of Ethiopian charities. Ethiopian charities need to establish meaningful partnership and alliance. Hence, financial constraints, lack of capacity and negative image will improve
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    An Assessment of the Effectiveness of Consumer Cooperatives: The Case of Woreda1Consumer Cooperative at Kirkos Sub-City in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Begna, Getahun; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    This research was aimed to assess the Effectiveness of Consumer Cooperatives: The case of Woreda 1 Consumer Cooperative in Kirkos Sub- City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A quantitative research approach and a sample survey method were employed in order to accomplish the research objective. The data collection instrument was questionnaire. The respondents of study were; experts, consumer cooperative members, officials, employees, and customers. The main findings of the study were lack of the autonomy of the cooperative and the interference of local administration; poor governance and management; unable to provide basic goods adequately, timely and consistently were among others. These situations have affected the effectiveness of cooperative. At the end, the study recommends that all concerned bodies working to curb the poor governance and management problems of cooperative need to focus at micro and mezzo level intervention
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    An Assessment of the Impact of Child Labor on Female Children Educational Opportunities, In The Case Of Kechene Community, Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-10-13) Admassu, Azeb; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    Child labor is a very common global problem. There are about 250 million child laborers in the world, in sub-Saharan Africa, and around half of child laborers – 115 million children in total - are engaged in hazardous employment. About 7.5 million children are estimated to be found in Ethiopia. Most of the children have no educational opportunities because they are engaged in child labor (ILO 1996). Girls are more vulnerable than boys and they represent 54% of the out-of-school population. Girls work in the household, agricultural work and home-based work is often vital for survival although their work is largely invisible and unvalued. (Education International, October 2013) As kechene community is one of the communities from Gulele sub city in Addis Ababa which is large number of children laborers found on pottery and weaving activities. To explore the impact of child labor on the educational opportunity of female children at Kechene community Applying qualitative research method which is descriptive and exploratory. informants mentioned that many families do not send their female children to school for the purpose of using their labor. Though the root cause is their economic capacity, they elaborated that for some family children’s work is the main source of the whole family’s income. The response of the influence of female child labor on their education has been summarized in to eight basic themes: bargaining the opportunity to access school, Repeated absent from class every week Friday (it is the critical working day for pottery made family, ready for Saturdays market ) , low participation in the class, shortage of time to study, doing home work and participate in educational course work, create feeling of exhaustion, bullied by students and sometimes by the teacher, low in their academic performance and end with school dropout or class repetition . 6 From the summary of the research, it is clear that female children’s education is compromised of their labor. The researcher has come to see that female children students are more influenced through child labor because other than poetry and weaving activities, the female children are also expected to take on domestic activities
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    Community Expectation from and Attitude Towards NGOs Working with Children (The Case of WoiyraSefer Community)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-10) Dandena, Ararsa; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    The attitude of community members is one of factors affecting the acceptance or rejection of a new community action programs. Thus, this study was conducted with the aim of assessing the Woiyra Sefer community’s expectation from and attitudes towards NGOs working with children. To realize this qualitative case study was designed and employed. A purposive sampling method specifically maximum variation sampling approach was used to select the respondents of the study with the aim of identifying central themes which cut across the variety of cases or people. The data for this study was collected from both primary and secondary sources through semi-structured interview, focused group discussion and document review. The study finding indicates that the study community expects more of material service and financial support from NGOs working with children than what NGOs are doing. The majority of the participants reflected that NGOs service distribution is more of unfair, the service quality is poor and it is less than what is expected and promised to be provided. This in turn lead them to have bad attitude towards NGOs and their activities. In response to the needs and expectation of community NGOs are trying to take different measures like community capacity building but unable to succeed due to different factors. Therefore, the study strongly recommended NGOs working with children to identify, coordinate, and work in collaboration with potential service providers, individuals, groups, and organizations found in the community to provide a sustainable service for orphan and vulnerable children
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    Court annexed mediation service in divorce cases: The case of four Federal courts Addis Ababa Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-05) Eshetu, Bezawit; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    The study has made an effort to describe the purpose of court annexed mediation service and the view of clients’, judges’ and professional mediators towards the current ongoing court annexed divorce mediation services together with the challenges of the practice. The study has also described the service delivery of mediation. For this effort a qualitative descriptive method with case study method have been employed. Professional divorce mediators were key-informants of the study, family bench judges and couples who were using the mediation service by court order have been participant of the study. In-depth interview, observation and document reviews were utilized to collect data. Thematic analysis was used to analysis the data that has been collected from field. The findings include the following points. The main purpose of court annexed mediation service is to promote the interest of children and also to save the marriage from breaking. Professional mediators use different techniques based on the case when they are delivering the service, but use common steps. Clients’, judges’ and professional mediator have positive perspectives towards court annexed mediation service, but some participants of the study have a negative perspective. Lack of qualified mediators, knowledge gab from judges about the importance of mediation and unwillingness of couples to participate in the mediation were some of the challenges that were identified in the research. Trainings to judges and mediators in order to expand the services, encouraging different organizations that give psychological and social support for couples in conflict in order to help families in a better way have been indicated in the research
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    Examining the Relationship Between Parenting Style and The Self-Esteem of American Mission School Students
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Tesfaye, Lensa; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    Understanding parenting style and its impact on the self-esteem of children has a paramount importance for the well being of children and their development. This study was conducted to look at the impact of parenting style on children‟s self-esteem in American Mission School. In addition, this study also sought to examine the relationship parenting style has with family characteristics and some demographic factors (age and grade). A total of 189 students from 4 grades were selected (7, 8, 9 & 11) randomly. Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSE) were used to measure parenting style and self-esteem respectively. Univariate and bivariate anyalysis were used to analyze the collected data. Findings showed that there was no significant correlation between parenting styles and self-esteem except fathers who practice authoritarian parenting styles. It was also found that there was significant relationship between age (one of the demographic factor) and self-esteem, while the other demographic factor grade didn‟t have a significant relationship with self-esteem. In the contrary, family characteristics (living arrangement, parent‟s level of education and income of the family) were found to have no significant relationship with self-esteem. Conclusion was made and the major finding was discussed in relation to other research findings. Finally the implication for social work education, research and practice was discussed
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    The Experience of Having a Chi ld Diagnosed With Type I diabetes: The Case of Parents and Guardians
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Fantu, Hana; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1 DM) , a common, chronic disease, affects the patient as well as the family. It requires daily vigilance in blood sligar monitoring, dietmy management and insulin administration. 11 is a I !/elong condition for children and their parents, th e management for which imposes a vast responsibility. This re search has explored the experiences of parents having a child diagnosed with T1 DM Using a qualitative exploratOlY design, 12 parents raising children with T1 DM and Ivho are members of Ethiopian Diabetic Association partiCipated in audio -recorded interview. A t the time of the interviews the children ranged in age from 4 to 13 years, with duration of diagnosis rangingji-om 1 year /0 12 years. Eight ll7ajor themes were identified, including issues of parental feeling and emot ion,factors associated with parental distress, challenges encountered, family relationship, school and health care, diabetes education, coping and adaptation. Within each theme, numerous sub-themes were identified. The identification of challenges and umnet need~ of parents implies th e health care and schools. system s should ac knowledge th e need and provide the required services and support. Psycho social,financial and emotional issues should be Inanaged and aformalfollow-up plan should be in place startingfrom time of hospitalization, to create access to diabetic education and raiSin g public awareness. And, a holistic and integrated interventions at all level fram policy, education, and practice and research paint of view against burden of raisi n g child with TlOM is essential. Key words: type 1 diab etes m ellitlls, childrell, pare llt, stress, hyperglycemia, hypog lycemia
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    The Experience of Having a Child Diagnosed With Type 1diabetes: The Case of Parents and Guardians
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Fantu, Hana; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), a common, chronic disease, affects the patient as well as the family. It requires daily vigilance in blood sugar monitoring, dietary management and insulin administration. It is a lifelong condition for children and their parents, the management for which imposes a vast responsibility. This research has explored the experiences of parents having a child diagnosed with T1DM. Using a qualitative exploratory design, 12 parents raising children with T1DM and who are members of Ethiopian Diabetic Association participated in audio-recorded interview. At the time of the interviews the children ranged in age from 4 to 13 years, with duration of diagnosis ranging from 1 year to 12 years. Eight major themes were identified, including issues of parental feeling and emotion, factors associated with parental distress, challenges encountered, family relationship, school and health care, diabetes education, coping and adaptation. Within each theme, numerous sub-themes were identified. The identification of challenges and unmet needs of parents implies the health care and schools systems should acknowledge the need and provide the required services and support. Psycho social, financial and emotional issues should be managed and a formal follow-up plan should be in place starting from time of hospitalization, to create access to diabetic education and raising public awareness. And, a holistic and integrated interventions at all level from policy, education, and practice and research point of view against burden of raising child with T1DM is essential
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    Exploring the role of community in combating child trafficking: The case of Sodo Town, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-12) Kastro, Asayeberhan; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    Child trafficking is serio.us pro.blem which affects the existence o.f individuals, families and the who.le co.mmunity glo.bally .Child trafficking is the recruitment, transpo.rtatio.n , transfer, harbo.ring o.r receipt of a child fo.r the purpo. se o.f explo.itatio.n Thi s study was co.nducted to. explo.re the role ofthe co. mmunity in co.mbating child trafficking, in So.do To.wn ,Wolaita Zo.ne ,So. uthern Ethio.pia. The study emplo.yed Cross-sectio.nal qualitative research design . The study has purpo.sively selected different parts o.fthe co.mmunity in o.rder to. get ample info.rmatio.n based o.n their imme diate attachment to. the problem. The qualitative data was generated by u sin g in-depth interviews, key informants inte rview, Fo.cus Group Discussio.ns (FGDs), a nd o.bservation . The study has exp lo.red the ro.le s that the community has p layed in order to. prevent the pro.blem o.f child trafficking. Fmther the study fo.cuses o.n explo.ring the o.ppo.rtunities, chall enges and best practices o.n co.mbating child trafficking. The study invo.lv ed strict respect fo.r info.rmed co.nsent, vo. luntary participatio.n and co.nfidentiality. The findings o.fthis study indicated that the impo.rtant roles o.fthe co.mmunity in co.mbating Chi ld Trafficking s uch a s Surveillance, awareness creatio.n, shelter and o.ther psyc ho. s o.cial s uppo.rt fo.r the victims .Further the study identified challenges s uch as, lack o.f co.mmunity awareness and Negligence to. the problem, lack o.f co.o.rdinatio.n amo.ng stakeho. lders, lack o.f advo.cating co.mmunity o.rganizatio.ns which wo.rk o.n anti-traffickin g. The study co.ncluded that co.mbating chi ld trafficking needs multi -dimensio.nal and wider approaches that integrate and address Child trafficking. The study suggested the impo.rtance o.f co.mmunity develo.pment, co.mmunity empo.werment, and co.mmunity assessment, reso.urce mo.bili zatio.n that s ho.uld be taken critically and analyzed befo.re designing a certain community- based intervention programs. Key Wo.rds: Child Trafficking, Community ro.le and Co.mbating
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    Guddifachaa an Indigenous Childcare Practice of Oromo Society: Perspectives and Mechanisms of Revitalization in Tulama Oromo
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Dida, Taye; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    Guddifachaa is an ingenious, indigenous and endogenous childcare practice, which has been practiced and is practiced in a ritual way by the Oromo society. Guddifachaa is a voluntary system of customary adoption in which birth families and adoptive parents have an arrangement of bringing up an adoptee based on Safuu in general and cultural norms, values, rituals, and obligations in particular. Previous studies showed that guddifachaa as customary adoption should be supported rather than replaced by formal adoption; and despite its indigenity, it has been facing various challenges. The purpose of this study is to describe guddifachaa and what it means to serve “the best interests of the child” from perspectives of triad parties i.e., adopters, adoptees and birth families and identifying mechanisms of its revitalization. The study was descriptive qualitative case study at cross sectional design. Out of non-probability sampling, purposive and snowball sampling techniques were used respectively. The participants of the study included adoptive families, adoptees, birth families, Abbaa Gadaa, elders and experts. Twenty sample sizes were selected from the target population in the study site of Metta of Tulama Oromo. Data collection methods were in-depth interview, observation and document review. The collected data was analyzed by using thematic analysis. The data quality assurance was employed trustworthiness criteria to maximize credibility, dependability, transferability and confirmability. The current study found out that guddifachaa is driven from Afan Oromo term and is common cultural practice of Oromo society in which infertile individuals or families have been seeking to adopt children from other families according to its ritual purpose since time immemorial. Guddifachaa is viewed positively because it is an indigenous cultural institution in which childless families have their own children to get social protection and social security in turn. The registration of Gadaa system into United Nations Educational Scientific Cultural Organization and the use of guddifachaa term in national and regional legal instruments can be considered as prospects; and breaking down of social, economic and system of Oromo society; and oppressive system of past regimes may be taken as challenges of guddifachaa. In order to revitalize guddifachaa, Gadaa System should be in place because it is a symbol umbrella of the Oromo’s identity. The study demands implications from education, research, policies, social workers, other concerned bodies and practice to maintain this best practice for childcare. Keywords: Guddifachaa as indigenous childcare practice, perspectives, triad parties, mechanisms of revitalization, best interests of the child, Oromo society
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    Preschool Teachers Perception and Practices about the Psychosocial Needs of Early Childhood
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Tesfaye, Selamawit; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    This study aimed at investigating the perceptions and practices preschool teachers have to the psychosocial needs of early childhood, the strategies they apply for supporting the children, and challenges encountered not to give support. The study took on qualitative design and a case study research methodology. Data were collected from multiple sources that included 11 preschool teachers who were purposefully selected from two preschools through in-depth interview, observation, and document review. Then the qualitative data content analysis was conducted. The results indicated that teachers had awareness on the different psychosocial problems of early childhood from their experience, not from the training. But teachers did not know how to help the children in organized way and some of the problems that children have are beyond their capacity to help. The teaching strategies that most teachers raised to give psychosocial support are play, stories ,extra care and extra work, counseling the student and partnership with parents. The challenges for not to give support to early childhood that the teachers said were lack of time, knowledge and motivation. And the result of this research implies the recruitment of other professionals like social workers and special need educators and also the training of early child hood teachers in preschools. The findings of this study implied for social work research on having longitudinal studies on the psycho social support that should be made to early childhood
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    Preschool Teachers' perception and Practices about the Psychosocial Needs of Early Childhood
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Tesfaye, Selamawit; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    This study aimed at investigating the perceptions and practices preschool teachers have on the psychosocial needs of early childhood, the strategies they apply for supporting the children, and challenges encountered not to give support. The study took on qualitative design and a case study research methodology. Data were collected from multiple sources that included J J preschool teachers who were purposefully selected Fom two preschools through in-depth interview, Key informants, observation, and document review. Then the qualitative data content analysis was conducted. The results indicated that teachers had awareness on the different psychosocial problems of early childhood Fom their experience, not Fom the training. But teachers did not know how to help the children in organized way and some of the problems that children have are beyond their capacity to help. The teaching strategies that most teachers raised to give psychosocial support are play, stories extra care and extra work, counseling the student and partnership with parents. The challenges for not to give support to early childhood that the teachers said were lack of time, knowledge and motivation. And the result of this research implies the recruitment of other professionals like social workers and special need educators and also the training of early child hood teachers in preschools. The findings of this study implied for social work research on having longitudinal studies on the psycho social support that should be made to early childhood
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    Promoting Socioeconomic Status of Street Youth: Assessing the Rehabilitation Efforts of Addis Ababa Bureau of Labor and Social Affairs (BoLSA)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-11) Setegn, Haimanot; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    This study was conducted with the purpose of examining the BoLSAs' rehabilitation efforts on enhancing the life of the street youth to become economically productive, eventually selfsupporting, psychologically adjusted and socially integrated. The research used a qualitative design to collect data. In line with qualitative design this study employed a descriptive approach since descriptive research is aimed at capturing the lived and told rehabilitated youth stories of the participant. The primary data was collected through conducting semi structured in-depth interviews with the BoLSA street youth project staffs and focus group discussions with the rehabilitated street youth and analyzed qualitatively by descriptive statements. The study results has indicated that because of the organizations intervention, the youth left behind the street life, involved in various small business activities or employed, have better communication with their families and the community. They have also contributed for national development by engaging in productive activities unlike their previous life and discharged their national obligation by raising money for the construction of the Renaissance Dam. On the other hand the findings of the study indicated that the rehabilitated youth have encountered various challenges. Among the mentioned economic challenges: difficulty to earn sufficient income, lack of employment opportunities with the skill incompetency, inadequacy of the start-up loan repayment grace period, the high interest rate of startup loan and lack of follow up, were identified. On the other hand community misconception and self-imposed social isolation are also their social challenges which hamper them to live life. The study findings were also evidenced that BoLSA has faced much challenges in implementing the project and took various mechanism to overcome those challenges. Finally the researcher recommend that the project should look for ways to collaborate further with professionals across the primary care, mental health, social welfare and legal sectors, as well as with colleges/universities, in order to strengthen its' capacity to provide best psychosocial and livelihood support. Key words: Street Youth, Rehabilitation, Psychosocial, Livelihood, Ethiopia
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    Role and Contribution of Social Work Practice in Court Setting and Its Support System: The Case of Lideta Federal First Instance Court Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-09) Ayalew, Seble; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    This study explored social work practice in court setting. With 4 in depth interview, 4 key informant and 2 client participants the research has made an effort to explore the overall practice of social work in courts by talking Lideta federal first instance court as an example. The study tried to recognize the role contribution and challenges of social work practice and the available resource in relation with the support system of the practice which is the referral system. In depth interview participants were social work practitioners and key informant were higher official in the president office of lideta federal first instance court, a judge, higher officials in child justice project office. And client participants were service users of social work in custody bench. Qualitative case study research method was implemented to undertake the study. And thematic analysis method approach was used for data analysis. The research finding indicated the baseline for social work practice in courts is best interest of the child which emanates from CRC and FDRE constitution. And social work practice in courts work towards safeguarding and promoting rights and benefits of children in contact with the justice system. Social workers give intermediary, case management, guidance and mediation services for victim children, children under cases in custody investigation and children in conflict with the law consequently. They also assist the court by preparing expert recommendation and by making the court child friendly to help the court find the truth. Another role of social workers is to facilitate additional support for clients through the referral system, which is a huge resource for the practice. Main challenges for the practice are, luck of regular training for social work practitioners , limitation on accessibility of resources , miss perception and low attention given for therole and contribution of the practice ,and luck of stress management mechanism for practitioners. Contribution of social work practice for clients and the court, resource potential in the referral system and challenges of using the referral system are also included in the research Key words: court, social workers, referral system, child justice project office, role, contribution and challenges
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    Social Work Practice in Institutional Childcare System: The Case of Governmental Childcare Institutions in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Assefa, Rahel; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    Social work is a practice based profession that requires the professionals to be equipped with knowledge, skills, values and ethics of working with others. Social work in institutional childcare is one area of social work practice. Social workers in institutional childcare system work with OVC, by giving different services to meet OVC needs. The purpose of the study was exploring social work practice in governmental childcare institutions of Addis Ababa.Cross sectional, exploratory and case study qualitative research method was used. Out of non-probability sampling, purposive sampling was used to select seven participants of the study, which included “social workers” supervisors or managers of the governmental childcare institutions and the “social workers” of the governmental childcare institutions. Primary and secondary data were collected through in-depth interview, key informant interview, observation and document review. The finding of this study shows that “social workers” play a major role in family tracing, care giving, assessment, facilitating different services for OVC, advocacy, system development and research. The study indicated that there is a lack of understanding about,what professional social work practice is about. There is lack of practicing social work knowledge related to social work theory, skill, ethics and value. Social workers use the knowledge from their practice experience with OVC. Plus, communication,assessment and collaboration skills are used by social workers, when they are working with OVC. Giving love, confidentiality, consent and not abusing children are the values and ethics that guide social workers practice. Challenges of social work practice were also identified as lack of; coordination, time, material and motivation to practice social work. On the other hand, two major prospects of “social workers” were identified and they are having open place to work with OVC andgettingtraining opportunities
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    Unfolding the Realities of Family Care: The Experience of family members caring for a child with disability
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Kerebih, Woynishet; Ero, Debebe (PhD)
    Disability is any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. The challenge of facing disability is not only the problem of children with disability rather it becomes a problem of primary care givers because they are in one way or another becomes a part and parcel of the caring process. By using qualitative research design with the method of case study, the study explored and described the experiences of mothers who are responsible for caring of children with multiple disabilities generally and exploring and describing the feeling of mothers, the challenges they faced and how to take care their responsibility specifically. Five mothers (clients of BGW), two FGDs and two key informants were interviewed and tape recorded. 9 themes and 34 sub themes were identified and based on these themes, the research identified that mothers as a primary care giver involved in every activity to take care of their children so their ample time was taken by their children due to the demanding nature of caring. Social isolation, high level of stress, burden, occurrence of health problems, not able to engage in income generating activity simply, abandon their marital life and are always very much worried about the future fate of their children when they may face sickness, problem or death . Mothers also experience wrong societal belief and have negative impact on care giving beliefs like: disability is occurred as a result problem in kinship, curse and sin, children with disability are useless and they should be raised in human service organization. Regarding coping mechanism, strength of mothers, high level of attachment to their religion, strong level of support from BGW and not listening negative sayings forwarded from their surrounding environment were identified. Involvement of all stakeholders and integrated interventions at all level from policy, social work education and research is important in order to alleviate the challenges faced by children with multiple disabilities and their family care givers. Key words: multiple disabilities, children, mothers, experience, policy, societal beliefs