Browsing by Author "Aga Fekadu"

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    Assessment of Antenatal Care Clients Perception of Caring Behavior of Midwives in Fafan Zone, Somali Regional State
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Kibru Meron; Aga Fekadu
    Background: Caring is a popular concept midwifery which forms part of good patient carevalues. Midwives are those who are responsible in the care for the mothers and their babies. It isfact that provider behavior is the major tool for the optimization of the utilization of maternal care. Utilization of antenatal care often depends on pregnant women‟s perception of provider‟scaring behaviors. Objective: To assess the antenatal care client‟s perception of caring behavior of midwives inFafan Zone, Somali Regional State Methodology: Institution based cross-sectional study was done from March to April 2015. Asimple random sampling of health centers was used and nine health centers were selected to involve 384 mothers in the study. A structured questioner was used to collect data and the datawas analyzed by using SPSS version 20; involving descriptive statistics as well as bivariate andmultivariate statistical tests. Participation in this study was voluntary. Result: A total 384 clients were participated in this study. The overall rating of positiveperception was 48.7%. The highest score from the caring behavior items based on their meanwere ”treat me as an individual (4.44±0.683)” and point out the things about me and mycondition(4.41±0.683)” were clients scored for their positive perception . The items with whichclients have negative perception were “introduce themselves to me (2.88±1.740)” and „keep myfamily informed of my progress (3.70±1.260)”. Educational level, no of family member and pregnancy relatedillness weresignificant predictor of client‟s negative perception with midwifery caring behaviors. Conclusion:The result revels that most ante natal attending mothers have negative perception towards to the caring behavior of midwives. But there are also some clients with positive perception of caring behavior of midwives. Key words: Care, Caring behavior, Antenatal Care, Midwives
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    Assessment of Antenatal Care Clients’ Willingness for HIV Counseling and Testing in Asella Governmental Health Institutions, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2012-05) Fikre Tadesse; Aga Fekadu
    Background:- It has been well established that mother to child transmission (MTCT) accounts for the majority of HIV infections in children below the age of 15 years in developing countries. HIV counseling and testing (HCT) is an important entry point for HIV prevention and for early access to treatment, care and support. Willingness for accepting HCT is the key component and a starting point of overall HIV prevention efforts and represents a critical opportunity for stemming the tide of the HIV epidemic. Objective:- The main objective of this study was to assess the willingness of antenatal care clients for HIV counseling and testing in Asella governmental health institutions. Methods:- Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted on 321 pregnant women attended antenatal care during the study period using interviewer administered, pre-tested, structured questionnaire from March to April, 2012 in Asella governmental health institutions. Data was collected by convenient sampling technique after ethical clearance was obtained from the concerned authorities and then entered in Epi-info and analyzed using SPSS software. Result:- A total of 321 pregnant women (response rate 100%) attended antenatal care in Asella hospital and Asella health center were included in the study. Among the studied women 291(90.7%) were willing for HCT, and 30 (9.3%) were not willing for HCT. The strongest association with willingness for HCT rested with parity, number of ANC visits and perceived risk of HIV. Primipara women were about 12 times more likely willing for HCT than nullipara mothers (AOR=12.33, 95% CI=1.25,121.57), and also those who had 2 and above ANC visits were 9.6 times more likely willing for HCT than those who had only 1 ANC visit (AOR=9.64,95% CI=1.93,48.28). Women who were perceived themselves not at risk of acquiring HIV were more likely willing for HCT than those women who perceived themselves at risk (AOR=0.08,95% CI=0.01,0.41). Conclusion and Recommendation: This study revealed high-level of awareness about HIV,HCT, MTCT and PMTCT of HIV among pregnant women attended ANC in the study areas. Relatively increased proportion of willingness for HCT was seen when compared to other studies and it has to be encouraged more, since it is a cornerstone for PMTCT of HIV. Health education targeted on pregnant women on HCT, MTCT and PMTCT of HIV using different resources andmale partner participation would have paramount importance and would be important factor to scale up HCT acceptance more at all levels.
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    Assessment of Factors Affecting Reproductive Health Services Utilization Among Students in Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Workneh Heaven; Aga Fekadu
    Background: An integrative and comprehensive approach is required to scale up youthutilization of sexual and reproductive health service especially facility based. This requiresbaseline survey of youth users of RHS and the quality service offered. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess factors affecting reproductive health servicesutilization among Bahir Dar university students. Method: Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted among 848 Bahir Dar Universitystudents from March to May 2015, using a multi stage sampling technique. Self administeredquestionnaire was used to collect the data. The collected data was entered and analyzed using SPSSversion 20. Result: Of the total participants the utilization of reproductive health services was 33.7% FP,66.6% VCT, 58.1% STI treatment and 71.2% abortion among the pregnant females. Studentswhose religion prohibits them to utilize FP were 47% less users of FP than those who are notprohibited at AOR: 0.53, 95%CI (0.3, 0.91). Students who had multiple sexual partners in thelast three months were 3.84 times more VCT service users than student with single partnerAOR: 3.84, 95% CI(2.04,7.23). Students who had multiple sexual partners were 3.59 times moreAbortion service users than student with single partner AOR: 3.59, 95% CI (1.5, 25.71). Conclusion: Age, cultural prohibition, religious prohibition, distance of service providing facilitfrom dormitory and service providing professionals attitude are some of the factors which are foundto affect RH service utilization among the university students. Key words: University students, Reproductive health, service utilization, sexual activity, youth
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    Assessment of Family Care Givers’ Knowledge and Practice of Caring for Children with Congenital Heart Disease at the Cardiac Center Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-07) Berihu Feben; Aga Fekadu; Hailu Aklil
    Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common birth anomalies. Around the world it has been estimated that children’s have one among 100 congenital deficits due to the chromosomal abnormalities. In the last few years, the emergence of new technologies and advanced therapy the children born with CHD can make it through the adult hood. During the journey of treating children with CHD the role of family caregivers is significant. However, little is known about the family caregiver’s knowledge and self-reported practice of caring for children with CHD. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the family caregiver’s knowledge and self reported practice of caring for children with congenital heart disease at cardiac center Ethiopia Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Methods: The study was performed under hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study. The data was collected from families of children with CHD at the cardiac center outpatient department through written questioner. The questioner was administered by two trained nurses who work in the outpatient department of the cardiac center. The returned questionnaire was checked for completeness, cleaned manually and entered in to EPI INFO statistical software and then transferred to SPSS windows version 25 for further analysis. Results: A total of 377 family caregivers with a response rate of 96.91% were participated in this study from which (45.1%) of the respondents had good knowledge towards care for child with CHD and (44.3%) had good practice toward scare for CHD. There was a significant relationship between family caregiver’s knowledge and educational status [AOR=0.322, 95%CI.0.186, 0.557] and living area [AOR=19.274, 95% CI. 6.535, 56.84]. family caregiver’s knowledge towards CHD [AOR=1.11, 95% CI 7.240, 0.002.], frequency of feeding [AOR=0.093,95%CI. 0.02, 0.53] and living area [AOR= 57.3, 95%CI 1.07, 3048.8] were significantly associated with self-reported practice towards care for child with CHD at outpatient department. The statistical significance level was declared at p-value. Results: A total of 377 family caregivers with a response rate of 96.91% were participated in this study from which (45.1%) of the respondents had good knowledge towards care for child with CHD and (44.3%) had good practice toward scare for CHD. There was a significant relationship between family caregiver’s knowledge and educational status [AOR=0.322, 95%CI.0.186, 0.557] and living area [AOR=19.274, 95% CI. 6.535, 56.84]. family caregiver’s knowledge towards CHD [AOR=1.11, 95% CI 7.240, 0.002.], frequency of feeding [AOR=0.093,95%CI. 0.02, 0.53] and living area [AOR= 57.3, 95%CI 1.07, 3048.8] were significantly associated with self-reported practice towards care for child with CHD at outpatient department. The statistical significance level was declared at p-value. Key words: congenital heart disease, knowledge, family caregivers, self- reported practice
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    Assessment of Handwashing Practice and Assoiciated Factors among Primary School Children in Sebeta Town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Mekonnen Mathewos; Aga Fekadu
    Background: Proper handwashing is one of the simplest, most affordable and effective means ofpreventing the spread of infection. Studies have recommended handwashing as the best means ofdiarrheal disease and respiratory tract infections prevention. Handwashing among school childrenis influenced by different factors like socio-demographic, predisposing, reinforcing and enablingfactors. However, these factors may have not been studied well among school children ascompared to other classes of population. Objectives: To assess handwashing practice and associated factors among primary school childrenin Sebeta town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Methodology: Institutional based analytic cross sectional study design was employed on primaryschool children in Sebeta town. Data on handwashing practice and associated factors werecollected from 426 sixth- through eighth-grade students in 6 schools via self-administeredquestionnaires. School hand washing facilities inspection were also done using observationchecklist. Result: Only one-third (32%) of participants fulfilled the criteria of proper hand washing practicei.e. washing hand with soap always or very often before meal and after visiting toilet. Studentswith positive attitude were more likely to practice proper handwashing (AOR=2.29;95%CI=1.43, 3.66).Likewise, those who felt pressure from their important referent were twotimes more likely to wash their hand (AOR=1.86; 95%CI=1.02, 3.16). Availability andaccessibility of soap for hand washing was also strongly associated with handwashing practice(AOR=3.0695%CI=1.32, 7.05). On the other hand students from rural areas were less likely topractice proper hand washing than their urban counter part (AOR=0.53; 95%CI=0.30, 0.94). Conclusion and recommendation: In general this study revealed that only small proportion ofstudy participant practiced proper hand washing behavior and absence of adequate hygienefacility in visited school. Place of residency, attitude, and pressure from important referents andregular access to soap were significantly associated with hand washing. Provision of adequatehygiene facility, further modification of attitude towards handwashing with soap and role modeling is recommended
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    Assessment of Knowledge and Practice on Safe Handling of Cytotoxic Drugs Among Nurses Working in Oncology Unit at Governmental Hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2019.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Asefa Selamawit; Aga Fekadu; Getahun Negalign
    Introduction: Occupational exposure to cytotoxic drugs is a worldwide concern and the number of staff possibly exposed to hazardous effect of the cytotoxic drug was more than 5.5 million. Unsafe handling practices have been pointed out in several studies, particularly in countries where access and use of these medicines have recently risen. Objective: To assess knowledge and practice on safe handling of cytotoxic drugs among nurses working in oncology unit at governmental hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2019. Method: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on 77 nurses in two selected governmental hospitals Addis Ababa Ethiopia from April 1-30, 2019. Censuses approach was used to select nurses. Structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation and percentage were calculated to describe frequency and displayed in tables. Multiple Linear regression was done to see the association between dependent variables and independent variables. Significant factors were identified based on include in 95% level at p-value less than 0.05. Result: Mean score of knowledge of nurses about cytotoxic drug was7.82±2.22 and mean score practice of nurse 22.1±5.5 multiple regression analysis indicated that chemotherapy training was significantly associated with nurse’s knowledge (p = 0.01) and practice of nurses handling cytotoxic drug (p=.048) respectively. Working ward and experience were significant associated with knowledge of nurses on handling cytotoxic drug. Conclusion and Recommendation: Most of nurses didn’t take training about chemotherapy handling. This study finding showed that chemotherapy training was significantly associated with knowledge and practice. In service training regarding chemotherapy handling should be given to nurse’s and oncology course should be incorporated and reinforced in to nursing professions curriculums.
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    Assessment of Knowledge of Diabetic Retinopathy,Eye Check-Up Practice and AssociatedFactors among Adults with Diabetes Mellitus onFollow up at Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa,2023.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023) Dinsa Feven; Aga Fekadu
    Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes and the leading causes of visual loss among adults. Regular eye examination practice and knowledge of DR plays important role in the prevention and early detection of diabetic retinopathy. However, there is limited data regarding knowledge of diabetic retinopathy and eye cheek-up practice among diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in Ethiopia. Objective: This study aimed to assess knowledge of diabetic retinopathy, eye check-up practice and associated factors among adults with diabetes mellitus on follow up at public hospitals in Addis Ababa, 2023. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted at selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa. A pretested interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 421 diabetic patients. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with eye checkup practice and simple and multiple linear regression analyses was used to identify factors associated with knowledge of diabetic retinopathy. Statistical significance was determined using. Result: The mean (SD) knowledge score of diabetic retinopathy was 7.37±3.45, and 55.3% participants have undergone an eye examination in the last one year at least once. Long duration of diabetes (β=0.157,p=0.001),older age (β=0.022,P=0.043) and lower educational status(B=-0.166,P=0.001)showed statistically significant association with knowledge of DR. Urbanresidence(AOR=5.131,95%CI:1.804-14.594,P=0.02),lowereducational status, (AOR =0.230,95%CI:0.093 0.572 ,p=0.0020), Conclusion and recommendation: Majority of the participants answered below the mean of knowledge score of regarding diabetic retinopathy and more than half of the participants undergo an eye examination once in a year. Therefore, effective health education concerning diabetic retinopathy and eye checkup practice via media, regular health education sessions, and posters is important should be given an emphasis . Keywords:- knowledge, eye checkup practice, diabetic retinopathy, diabetes mellitus
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    Assessment of Knowledge of Self-Care and Associated Factors Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients on Follow Up Visits in Government Hospitals Of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-05) Desalegn Nathan; Aga Fekadu
    Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is not a single disease entity but rather a group of metabolicdisorders sharing the common underlying feature of hyperglycemia. Diabetes is a major growinghealth problem in the world. Poor awareness among diabetic patients about the disease and self-care activities is one of the important variables influencing the progression of diabetes and itscomplications, which is largely preventable. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess self-care knowledge and associated factors amongtype 2 diabetes on follow up visits in government hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method: Institution based descriptive cross sectional study was employed from March 15 to April15, 2016 using pre-tested, validated, structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. A total of 422type 2 diabetic patients whose age was 18 year and above were included. Study participants wereselected by systematic sampling technique after proportional allocation of samples to the hospitals.Furthermore, descriptive statistics, and binary and multivariate logistic regression analyses wereemployed to assess factors associated with diabetes self-care knowledge among type 2 diabetes. Result: Out of 422 patients with type 2 DM intended to participate in the study, 412 patients actuallyresponded for the interview making a response rate of 97.63%. More than half of the study sample,239(58%) had a high (70% or over) overall knowledge while the rest 173(42%) showed low (<70%)overall knowledge level about self-care. Marital status, duration of DM, being member of diabeticassociation and exposure to diabetic health education showed a significant association with goodknowledge at a 5% level of significance Conclusion: This study reflects that there is a need to improve diabetic self-care knowledge among the patients. Overall knowledge about diabetes self-care among patients was not adequate; some critical knowledge gaps were also identified in specific areas. Recommendation: Policy makers, hospital administrations and health care professionals should have to establish well organized diabetic self-care education program and they should strength the existing programs. Further research should be done in order to know the association between self-care knowledge and self-care practice adherence. Key words: Self-care, self-care knowledge, type 2 diabetes
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    Assessment of Knowledge of Stroke Risk factors and Warning Symptoms Among Adults with Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Selected Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-06) Akele Rediet; Aga Fekadu; Badada Tadesse
    Background: Stroke is a major public health concern that affects people all over the world. It is a major contributor to morbidity, mortality and disability in both developing and developed countries. Increasing knowledge regarding cerebrovascular diseases and tackling risk factors are important to reduce the rising worldwide burden of stroke. Objective: The main aim of this study is to assess knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning symptoms among adults with type II diabetes in selected hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,2021. Methods and materials: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among adults with type II diabetes in selected governmental hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Systematic random sampling was used to select eligible 499 study participants. The data coding, entry and clearance was made by using Epi data software version 4.6.0 and exported to SPSS software version 25 for analysis. Simple and multiple linear regression analysis were done to explore the association between independent with the dependent variables. Result: Of the calculated sample size, total of 470 respondents were interviewed with response rate of 94.2%. Majority (54.9%) of study participants were females and the mean age of respondents were 50.6 (+12.9). The mean score of knowledge of warning symptoms and risk factors of stroke was 63.9% and 67.2% respectively. Younger age (B= -0.021; P= 0.01), higher level of education (B= 1.873; P= 0.000) and know someone diagnosed with stroke (B= 3.64; P=0.000) shows statistically significant association with knowledge of stroke warning symptoms. Similarly, higher level of education (B= 2.007; P= 0.000), know someone with stroke (B= 3.328;P= 0.000) and living with others (B= 2.28; P= 0.000) shows statistically significant association with knowledge of stroke risk factors. Conclusion and recommendation: In general, from this particular study, knowledge of diabetic patients towards stroke risk factors and warning symptoms was inadequate. Therefore,the importance of stroke education concerning its risk factors and warning symptoms via social media, health education sessions, and posters should be emphasized.
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    Assessment of Knowledge, Treatment Compliance and Associated Factors among Hypertensive Patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2021.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-06) Debel Senait; Aga Fekadu; Berhane Emebet
    Background: The majority of hypertension people are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The primary barriers to controlling hypertension are a lack of awareness about the disease and poor medication adherence, both of which have a negative influence on the patient's behavior. Objective: To assess knowledge of hypertension and compliance of treatment and factors associated among hypertension patients at TASH Addis Ababa Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: The institutional based cross sectional study design was used at TASH, and 375 hypertensive patients were recruited in the follow-up clinic. The data was gathered using a standard structured questionnaire. Face-to-face interviews were used to conduct a survey by professional data collectors. EPI data was used to enter data, which was then exported to statistical package for social science(SPSS) software version 20 for additional analysis. Multiple linear regression and binary logistic regression analysis were employed to asses’ factor associated with knowledge and association between compliance and indpendnet variables respectively. The association between variables was determined by the p values below 0.05 using 95% confidence level (CI). Result: The current study found that only 45.9% of patients comply with antihypertensive therapy and majority of the respondets (63.75%) have good knowledge about hypertension except only around one third (35.4%) were aware of the signs and symptoms of hypertension. Factors that associated with treatment compliance were including: Age above 60 years(AOR=0.129; 95% CI: 0.066,0.254), no formal education ( AOR=0.250; 95% CI: 0.099, 0.634), less than 5 years since hypertension diagnosis (AOR=3.989; 95% CI: 1.586,10.033)., comorbidity(AOR= 0.360; 95% CI: 0.195,0.665), and missing medications (AOR= 0.366 ; 95% CI: 0.199, 0.674) were associated with poor treatment compliance, whereas rigorous physical activity(AOR=1.169; 95% CI: 1.003,1.362); and client knowledge of hypertension(AOR=1.336; 95%CI: 1.106, 1.615) . In addition, the factors associated with knowledge of HTN include, no formal education β=-0.815;(-1.293, -0.337) and governmental employment β=1.164; (0.626,1.702), were found to be statistatically significant association with knowledge of HTN. Conclution and recommendation: The current study reveled that only 45.9% of partisipants comply with antihypertensive terapy and more than one third of the participant were aware of the signe and symptoms of HTN. Therefore, the findings suggest that health care practitioners should pay attention to increase the awareness of clinets toward antihypertensive treatmet adherence in order to minimize the complications. x
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    Assessment of Nurses’ Perceived Barriers for The Provision of Developmental Care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units of Governmental Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Abebe Mesfin; Aga Fekadu
    Background: Every year, 120,000 newborns die in Ethiopia. Neonatal deaths now account for agreater proportion of under-five deaths. An estimated 3.1 million neonates die each year globallyand 99% of these deaths occur in low-income countries. Despite the extraordinary improvementsin child survival over the past 25 years, there is still virtually no effective health care for newborns in many developing countries. The nurse becomes the infant’s primary supportive staffwith the most contact with infants and their caregivers. In this study, the nurse’s perceivedbarriers in the provision of neonatal developmental care are assessed. Objective: To assess Nurses’ Perceived Barriers for the Provision of Developmental Care in theNeonatal Care Units of Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: quantitative cross sectional study was conducted. Self-administered questionnaire wasused to assess nurses’ perceived barriers in the provision of neonatal developmental care in allpublic hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. All neonatal Nurses’ working in all public hospitals ofAddis Ababa was included in the study without taking sample. Binary and multiple logistic regressions were done to assess association between variables. Result: A total of 90 respondents responded to the questionnaires, giving a response rate of97.83%. The majority of respondents were female (80%). Majority of the respondents had year ofexperience between 1-5 year accounting 65(7.77%). Majority of respondents 72(80%) hadpositive perception (accept nurses perception influence provision of NICU developmental care).Most of the respondents accept as motivation, emotion, job satisfaction, work experience, and recognition by managers and level of education affects Nurses perception in provision of NICU developmental care. Conclusion: In multiple logistic regressions job satisfaction affects the perception of Nurses in providing NICU developmental care
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    Assessment of Nurse’s Knowledge About Fracture Management and Associated Factor in Selected Governmental Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-06) Hassen Jemal ; Aga Fekadu; Alemu Tsion
    Introduction: Fracture is a complete or incomplete disruption in the continuity of bone structure and is defined according to its type and extent. The nursing staff plays a main role in health promotion for persons with fracture. Objective: To assess nurse’s knowledge about fracture management and associatedfactor in selected governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021. Method: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February toMarch, 2021.Questionnaires was distributed study participants enrolled usingconvenience method from Tikur Anbessa, ALEART and Aabet hospitals in Addis Ababa. Mean, standard deviation, and percent were used to describe the characteristicsof the study participants. Liner regression analysis was used to describe the relationship dependent and independent variables. Statistical significance was declaredusing p value less than 0.05. Result: In this study 120 nurses were participated with 97.6% response rate. Meanscore of knowledge of fracture managements was 75% +16. Institutional factors like policy& guideline, educational status and training condition had significantlyassociated with knowledge of nurses. Compared participants who had access to policy guidelines those who had no access less knowledge score by 0.156 unit (  = -0.156, p= 0.02). Study participants who received training in fracture management had higher knowledge score than those who did not have the training ( = 0.400, p < 0.001).Compared to other educational groups (bachelor and master’s degree) participants with diploma qualification had lower knowledge score (-0.425, p < 0.001). Conclusion and recommendation: Generally, the total score of participated knowledge was75% +16, the study showed that: knowledge of nurses had strong associated with educational level. training condition and lack of policy and guideline so minster of federal health and hospital manager should focus on policy and guideline,training and educational opportunity since it had strongly affected nurse’s knowledge.
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    Assessment of Patients Satisfaction Towards Nursing Care Services: Comparative Cross Sectional Study Among Adult Inpatients At Black Lion and Landmark General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-07) Mekonnen Abaynesh; Aga Fekadu
    Background: The level of satisfaction of patients about the health services can be considered animportant tool of quality of services. Nursing care is a major component of the health servicesbecause it is one of the determinants of quality of health services. Patient’s satisfaction with thecare they receive from health care providers has become one of the most important approaches tothe measurement of the quality of care in recent times as against the predominantly clinical andadministrative approaches. Objective: This study aims to assess and Compare the level of patients’ satisfaction towards nursing care services between Black Lion and Landmark General Hospital, 2017. Method: Institutional based Comparative cross sectional study was conducted in Black Lion andLandmark General Hospital from March to April 2017. A systematic random sampling techniquewas used to select sample of 262 adult patients admitted in both hospitals. Data was collectedusing semi structured questionnaire. The data was coded, edited, and cleaned, and entered intoEpidata 3.1version then exported to SPSS version 21 for analysis. Finally the result was presented using charts, tables and graphs. Result: Of the total 257 above half 181 (70.4%) of the respondents were satisfied during theirstay in hospital and 76 (29.6%) of them were not satisfied.Majority of the patients 77.8 weresatisfied with nurse adequate visit and getting their support when needed. Regarding to Nurseexplaining well and listening careful to patient and admission procedure 79.4% and 76.35 of thestudy participants were satisfied respectively.Whereas only 0.4% of the patients were highlydissatisfied on Number of rounds made by the doctor is reasonable, Nurses treat with respect andgood behavior, Nurse explaining well and listening careful to patient, The admission procedurewas good, no delay, Efficient services (length of stay ...), capacity of doctors and capacity ofnurses. Education of patients {AOR=5.8: 95% CI (1.74, 19.4)} and cause of illness (acuteillness) {AOR=2.6: 95% CI (1.32, 5.38)} were associated with satisfaction of patients inhospital. Conclusion and Recommendation:The study revealed that more than half of the patients weresatisfied during their stay in the hospital. There is a need to design intervention that can increasesatisfaction of the patients in the hospital Keywords: Adult patients’ satisfaction, nursing care, dissatisfaction
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    Assessment of Sick Child Feeding Practice and Associated Factors Among Mothers of Children Less Than Two Years of Age, In Burayu Town, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Tadesse Hiwot; Aga Fekadu
    Background:Out of the contributing factors of child under nutrition as informed byUNICEF conceptual framework; inadequate intake, caring practices and disease arerepresented under immediate and underlining causes of under nutrition respectively(1).This indicates infant and young child feeding as a key area to improve child survival andpromote healthy growth and development.The first 2 years of a child’s life areparticularly important, as optimal nutrition during this period lowers morbidityandmortality, reduces the risk of chronic disease, and fosters better development overall. Objective: To assess sick baby feeding practice and associated factors among mothers ofchildren aged less than24 months of age attending MCH clinic in Burayu town. Methods:Facility based quantitative cross sectional study was conducted to assess, sickchildren under 2 years of age, at the health facility.The study has been conducted fromApril, 2015-May, 2015.Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, proportions werecalculated and Odds ratio with 95 % confidence interval has also been calculated to assessthe strength of associations. Result:A total of 362 mothers of children aged <24 months of age were voluntarily included in thestudy. All respondents were biological mothers of the child. Majority 315(87%) ofinterviewed mothers were 15-30 years with mean age of 25.41(+3.56) and 220(60.8%) ofthem have not attended any formal education The proportion (53.6%) of children who havefed more frequently during their time of illness compared to when they are healthy wereused to measure sick child feeding according to the recommendation.
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    Assessment of the Practice of Non-Pharmacological Post-Operative Pain Management and Associated Factors Among Nurses Working in Public Referral Hospitals of Amhara Regional State
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-01) Dires Tadila; Aga Fekadu; Gebreyeohannis Tigistu
    Background: Non-pharmacological interventions defined as therapies that do not involve taking medicines or any other active substance. Such interventions may include exercise, massage, relaxation training, thermotherapy and psychological or behavioral management. Non pharmacological pain management is important when managing post-operative pain. Non-pharmacologic method have no side effects, have minimum risk, are not detrimental to patients, easy to administer and cost-efficient. These interventions should be implemented by nurses into routine plans of care for patients. Objective: To assess practice of non-pharmacological post-operative pain management and associated factors among nurses working in public referral hospitals of Amhara regional state. Method: Cross-sectional study design will be used. Data will be collected from March to April 2019 by using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Source population of the study will be nurses who work at post-operative units of public referral hospitals of Amhara regional state. The sample size of study is 300 nurses who work in post-operative unit of randomly selected referral hospitals of Amhara regional state. Correlation coefficient r will be used to measures the degree of association between dependent variable and continues in dependent variables. Differences between the groups in the mean values of the variables will be tested with ANOVA test. In addition, association between factors and nurses’ practice of non-pharmacological methods will be tested by t test. I will also use multiple linear regression to asses significantly associated variable with significant p value <0.05 and 95 % confidence interval.
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    Assessment of Treatment Compliance Among Cervical Cancer Patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Oncology Unit.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2012-06) Yitayih Gebre; Aga Fekadu
    Background: Cancer of the cervix is the second most common form of cancer amongst SouthAfrican women. Cervical cancer ranks as the 2nd most frequent cancer among women inEthiopia, and the 2nd most frequent cancer among women between 15 and 44 years of age.Compliance has been defined as “the extent to which a person’s behavior coincides withhealthcare advice” or as when patients do what health professional’srecommend.Noncompliance is typically cited as occurring in from 50% to 75% of patients. Objective: The purpose of the study was to assess compliance to treatment services and associated factors with treatment compliance of cervical cancer patients in TASH, oncology unit. Materials and methods: Institutional based cross sectional quantitative study was conducted from February, 8-April, 22/2012. A total 314 cervical cancer patients were the study participants. Data was collected using structured questionnaire based interview and secondary data collection also used. After clearing and checking for consistency data were coded and entered in to EPI-INFO(version-5.3.1) and transported into SPSS version 16.00 software to determine frequency, OR and association tests were examined through Binary and multivariatelogistic regression . Result: Out of 314 interviewed cervical cancer patients 219(69.7%) were compliant but 95(30.3%) were non compliant to the treatment services. The reason as identified by 39(41.0%)of the respondents with non compliant to the treatment services was long duration of appointment time and 20(20.0%) of the participants due to medication side effect on the body was examined in the study area. There is a significant difference between the participants121(78.6%) who had missed their appointment time with, OR=2.32(1.408, 3.882) and pvalue=0.001 than the respondents 98(61.2%) of cervical cancer patient of treatment compliance. Conclusion: the findings of the study about the treatment service were partially non compliant to radiotherapy and cheomradations services and patients missed their appointment were 2.3 times non compliant than who were not missed the appointment time. Factors in low income level,missing appointment, medication side effect, prolonged treatment, poor understanding of treatment advantages were significantly affects treatment compliance based on binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis .
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    Assessment of Utilization of Youth Friendly Reproductive Health Services Among College Youth in Asela Town,Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-04) Bedho Tolessa ; Aga Fekadu
    Background:The reproductive and sexual health of the youth remains a relatively new and sensitive area mainly due to restrictive norms and policies guiding the services and also the access and utilization of YFRHS among the college youth are dependent on many factors which include demographic, economic, college, socio-cultural and health system factors. This study was conducted to assess the utilization of youth friendly reproductive health services (YFRHS)among college youth in Asella town. Methods:The study used quantitative approaches to collect data. The study was utilize survey research adapting descriptive cross sectional design and a questionnaire to interview 423 college youth inAsella town. Quantitative data was analyzed using Epi Info & Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were performed to determine significant associations.The study was performed for a total of six months starting from December 2014 up to May 2014. Result:The study establish that sex, age, level of education, and youth’s awareness about existence of reproductive health facility and services. Age, sex, knowledge had no significant influence on utilization of almost all YFRHS such as family planning, voluntary counseling and treatment ofSTI. As indicated by the test result of family planning (χ2= 17.915, p = 0.593), VCT (χ2= 17.84,P = 0.598) and treatment for STIs (χ2= 24.336, p = 0.228) they had no significant association toutilization of the service. Again age was not also significant association with knowledge of YFRHS and their utilization χ2= 38.968, P = 0.472. On sex and utilization, significance was not seen in sex and utilization of family planning because (χ2= 4.53, P=0.104). Conclusion and Recommendation:The recommendations arising from this study are: this study recommends active sensitization of the youth in college through different activities that creates an opportunity where such information can be shared to scale up their knowledge on the YFRHS and the facilities that are available, this will in turn increase utilization of the services.
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    Correlates of Diabetes Self-Care Behaviors in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes and Comorbid Heart Failure
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-07) Aga Fekadu; Dunbar Sandra ; Gary Rebecca; Higgins Melinda
    Background: Effective performance of diabetes self-care behaviors in type 2 diabetes (T2D) iscrucial for improving glycemic control and managing diabetes-related comorbidities including heart failure (HF). Compared to persons without T2D those with T2D have 2-3 fold higher incidence of comorbid HF which often result in increased morbidity and poorer survival. Little is known, however, about the correlates of diabetes self-care behaviors and outcomes in people with T2D and comorbid HF. Objective: The purpose of this secondary analysis study was to provide a deeper conceptual understanding of the correlates of diabetes self-care behaviors in adults with T2D and comorbid HF. Methods: Baseline data of 180 participants from a randomized clinical trial that tested a 6-month integrated self-care intervention for adult persons with comorbid HF and T2D were analyzed.Study-developed data extraction forms and a battery of standardized instruments were used to collect demographic, clinical, and psychosocial data from medical records and self-report. Diabetes self-care behaviors were measured using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were analyzed from whole blood sample at baseline. Correlational bivariate, multiple logistic regression and hierarchical linear regression analysis were performed to examine associations and predictors of diabetes self-care behaviors and glycemic control. The IBM SPSS for Windows version 24 was used to analyze the data. Result: The participants mean age was 58.1±10.7 years and the majority were male (n = 118,65.6%) and African American (n = 119, 66.1%). Good self-rated health and presence of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (p < 0.01) predicted better diabetes self-efficacy while taking both oral antiglycemic medication and insulin, history of depression, cardiac pacemaker,and digitalis (p < 0.05) predicted lower diabetes self-efficacy. Number of comorbidities >2(p<0.001), having more than a high school education (p< 0.05) and African American ethnicity(p< 0.05) predicted better exercise, blood glucose testing, and foot care behaviors, respectively.The use of an aldosterone inhibitor(p< 0.05) predicted worse exercise performance, higher Charlson comorbidity index scores (p< 0.01) predicted worse SMBG, and treatment with diet plus medication (p< 0.05) and dyslipidemia (p< 0.001) predicted worse foot care behaviors. In a bivariate analysis, the SDSCA general diet (p = 0.036) and SDSCA exercise (p = 0.029) were negatively associated with HbA1c, while SDSCA specific diet (p = 0.047) was positivelyassociated. None of the diabetes self-care behaviors emerged as independent predictors of eitherHbA1c or FBG in the regression models. Diabetic-end organ failure, taking insulin only, taking oral ant glycemic and insulin, African American race, and dyslipidemia predicted higher HbA1c values (p< 0.05). Years since diagnosis of HF (p< 0.05), taking insulin (p< 0.01), diabetic-end organ failure (p< 0.01), and total daily medications (p< 0.05) predicted higher FBG values. Conclusion: This study identified demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with diabetes self-care behaviors and with diabetes self-efficacy. Nevertheless, the diabetes selfcare behaviors’ lack of influence of HbA1c and FBG is a major finding of this study.This underscores that the conventional disease-specific approach to diabetes self-care intervention cannot help to improve patient outcomes in people with T2D and comorbidHF. Therefore ,it is imperative to shift from disease-specific approach to integrated diabetes self-care model to improve outcomes for this population.
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    Determinants of Low Birth Weight in Debre Berehan Referal Hospital, North Shoa Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia (A Case – Control Study)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Desalegn Lema; Aga Fekadu
    Introduction: Low birth weight is defined as birth weight less than 2,500 grams. More than 20million infants are born each year weighing less than 2500 gm, accounting for 17% of all birthsin the developing world. Similarly, according to Ethiopian demographic and health survey(EDHS 2011), 11% weighed less than 2500 gm. Birth weight plays an important role in infantmortality and morbidity, development, and future health of the child. Weight at birth is directlyinfluenced by general level of health status of the mother. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to identify determinants of low birth weight inDebre Berehan Referral hospital. Methodology: The study was a facility based unmatched case-control study design conducted byreviewing cards of mothers and neonates who delivered in Debre Berehan Referral hospital justthree years back from study period (February to June 2015). Data analysis was done by SPSSversion 20 and bivariate and multivariate statistical methods were used. Result: In this study 441 mothers and newborns cards were included yielding 100 % responserate. From this 147 mothers and newborn cards were selected for case group and 294 mothers andnewborn cards were selected for control group .The mean birth weight was 2077.55gm(S.D±325.78 gm) for the neonates with low birth weight and 3230.0 (S.D±449.73 gm) for theneonates with normal birth weight. Out of 441 mothers in both case and control groups, most ofthem were between the age group of 21-25 years, which is 39.5% and 36.1% for case group andcontrol group, respectively. Those newborns with gestational age less than 37 weeks were 4times (AOR=4, 95%CI (1.61,8.13) p-value =0.0001) more likely to be delivered low birthweight than those new born greater than or equal to 37 weeks of gestation. So, significantassociation is found between gestational age and BW. Pregnancy induced hypertension (AOR=3.415, 95% CI (0.855, 13.645 p-value 0.047) have significant association. Another variable thathave significant association with BW is hemoglobin level (AOR 1.0, 95% CI (1.0, 1.0) p-value=0.045). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study the determinant factors for LBW are:Gestational age less than 37 weeks, hemoglobin level of the blood, PIH. So that interventions toprevent pre term, control blood hemoglobin level of the mothers, prevent anemia and preventhypertension are important to manage LBW. Key words: low birth weight, maternal factors, case control, Debre Berehan.
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    Determinants of Neural Tube Defect among Children, at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ,2018 a Case Control Study
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Aynalem Filmawit; Aga Fekadu
    Background: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are one of the commonest malformations with worldwide prevalence of 1-3 per1000 live births. They are resulted by failure of neural tube to close during neurulation in 21-28 embryonic days and it’s a multi-factorial in etiology. Currentlyin Ethiopia there is no published data regarding the determinants of NTDs. Therefore this study was used to assess the determinants of NTDs in Addis Ababa and will serve as base line reference for further studies.Objective: the objective of this study was to assess the determinant of Neural tube defects(NTDs) among children at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method; A hospital based unmatched case control study was conducted from November to May2018.The sample size was determined by statistical Openepi version 3by considering 95% CL at80% power(case to control ratio of 1:2) and gave a total of 180,out of this60 cases and 120controls were selected by lottery method. Data was collected by structured questioner& SPSSversion 23 software was used for analysis; results were summarized by descriptive statistics.Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done at p-value < 0.05 and OR with95% CI was used to control for possible confounders. Results: The bivariate analysis shows that oral contraceptive use, young maternal age, parentallow educational status, sauna/hot tab use, passive smoking, caffeine consumption ≥3 cup/day,maternal occupation, planned pregnancy, family history of neural tube defects, fever/febrileillness,antipyretic use& being multiparous shows significant association to neural tube defects.The multivariate analysis shows that maternal fever/febrile illness (OR 65.5 CI 4.4 -957.9),family history of neural tube defects (OR 43.5 CI 1.2-1506.9), coffee consumption (OR 18.5 CI3.7-91.1), antipyretic use (OR 0.01 CI .00 -.53) maternal age <19 (OR 33.3 CI 2.5-448.4) & 25-29(OR 9.7 CI 1.3-67.6) shows association to neural tube defects. Conclusion: in conclusion this study shows that maternal fever /febrile illness, family history ofNTDs, coffee consumption, young maternal age, were associated with the increasing risk ofNTDs whereas antipyretic drug use had protective effect to NTDs. therefore periconceptionalmaternal screening for genetic factors and medical illness is important for women’s of child bearing age.