Logistics and Supply Chain Management

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Adoption Level and Challenges of Implementing Agile Project Management Methodology at the Private Banking Industry in Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2019-08) Debebe, Asegid; Atare, Adane (PhD)
This qualitative study has investigated the current level of adoption the Agile software project management methods at the private banking industry in Ethiopia and the challenges faced by the software development teams at the banks. The current 16 private banks in Ethiopia have been grouped into three categories using the decades of their year of establishments, and from each category, 3 banks were selected at random using the lottery method giving a total sample size of 9. Two sets of questionnaires have been used with one questionnaire distributed to the software development team members and the other distributed to the development teams’ managers. Among the 9 banks, complete data was received from 7 banks with total individual responses of 30. The gathered data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The analysis of the data shows that there is a low prevalence of application of agile methods at the private banks in Ethiopia with only 2 out of the 7 participating banks (28%) in the process of adopting the Scrum Agile method and with the remaining 5 (72%) still using the traditional waterfall method. There are several challenges that face the banks from adopting the agile method and these are presented in three categories as customer-related, team-related and management-related. Customer-related challenges include inconsistent requirements, lack of timely feedback, resistance to change, and lack of full commitment to the process. Team-related challenges include reluctance to work in a team, lack of experience, handling of helpdesk requests while working in software development and departure of experienced team members. Management-related challenges include setting unreasonably short deadlines, de-prioritization of ongoing projects out of work, not specifying standard software development tools and frameworks, absence of general long-term ICT Development strategic plan specific to the improvement of the software development process. In conclusion, there is a very low level of adoption of the agile methodology in the private banking sector in Ethiopia with only 28% of the banks attempting the move to the Scrum method while the remaining 72% is planning to adopt an agile method in the future and still using the traditional waterfall software development methodology.
Adoption Of Information Communication Technology For Traffic Management In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2019-05) Abera, Getenet; Mitiku, Shiferaw (PhD)
Road traffic accidents are major preventable cause of death and disability in Addis Ababa, among the victim of traffic accident; two-third was men in their prime productive and reproductive age between15 and 44 years. Death and disability in this age group have profound social and economic impact on families and also for the country. Traffic congestions have also been another serious problem in Addis Ababa it increases travel time, air pollution, and fuel consumption among other challenges. Thus the main objective of the study is to examine the utilization and adoption of Information communication technology for traffic management in Addis Ababa. Both primary and secondary source were used to collect data. The descriptive explanatory research design was adopted. Purposive sampling for responsible organization staffs was used. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data which was then presented in tables and figures. The main findings of the study were: The major cause of road traffic accidents and road traffic congestion are over speed, failure to give the right of way for pedestrian, drunken driving, wrong driving habits and aggressive driving, ignorance of the rules and violation of the rules. But the research shows that the responsible organizations do not utilize and adopt information technology effectively to mitigate these problems. Based on these findings, the researcher recommended that traffic management agency and other stakeholders have to utilize and adopt information communication technology to empower traffic police in performing their daily tasks by quickly identifying the traffic jam points, shortest route for accessing accident locations, defining alternatives and providing help, the solution enables accurate monitoring and analysis of vehicles daily movement and quick response to breakdowns and accidents, useful traffic information should be provided to road users via mobile messages and digital road signs to avoid congestions and take alternative routes in case of emergencies. Traffic surveillance solution empowers decision making by enabling jam source identification, quick resolutions for traffic jams, timely response to accidents and emergencies, flow pattern analysis, enhance good governance and finally result in improved passengers’ safety
Agile Supply Chain Strategies as Determinants of Logistics Performance of Big Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2023-06) Bemnet Hailu; Shiferaw Mitiku (PhD)
The goal of this study was to evaluate how agile supply chain methods affected BGI Ethiopia's logistics performance. There is still a research void in this sector, despite that several studies are being undertaken in the field of supply chain agility. A supply chain's operational capability to quickly identify and respond to changes within and outside the organization, either beforehand or subsequently, using intra- and inter-organizational talents in an approach that guarantees profitability is known as supply chain agility. In order to explore and provide answers to the subject matter and goals, the study used the commonly utilized facets of supply chain agility: Alertness, Accessibility, Decisiveness, Swiftness, and Flexibility as a dependent variable and Technology Utilization, Resource Management, Supplier Relationship, Environmental Pressure, and Delivery Speed as an independent variable. The research also explored the Logistics performance of the organization. The research was based on 125 questionnaires distributed to BGI Ethiopia in which 119 responses were collected which resulted in 92.5% response rate. The research shows that BGI has a high overall adoption of the agile supply chain dimensions i.e., Flexibility, Alertness, and Accessibility had high ranking means and the rest with moderate ranking means. The organization also has a high overall logistics performance. Efficiency and Differentiation had high ranking means while Effectiveness gained a moderate ranking mean. Regression analysis indicated that Technology Utilization, Resource management and Delivery speed are significant determinants or enablers that affect Supply Chain Management and, Alertness, Decisiveness, and Flexibility significantly and favorably affect Logistics performance. It was suggested to strengthen its overall agility, emphasizing decisiveness and swiftness improvement is crucial; also, remaining under budget to boost efficiency will favorably affect logistics performance. Mainly focusing on Technology Utilization, Resource management and Delivery speed and bettering this enablers will positively affect the agile supply chain management and finally, giving a greater emphasis on Alertness, Decisiveness and Flexibility will positively affect the Logistics Performance. Key words: Supply chain agility, Determinants of Agile supply chain, Logistics Performance
An Assessment of Covid-19-Related Personal Protective Equipment’s (Ppes) Inventory Management and Storage Practices in Selected Covid-19 Treatment Centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2022-06) Helen Fikru; Zelalem Bayisa (PhD)
There is a global shortage of PPE, and one way to increase use is to improve the supply chain management systems. Health facilities in Ethiopia are managing COVID-19-related commodities using existing warehousing, inventory management, and distribution infrastructure, despite a lack of sufficient planning due to the pandemic. Maintaining proper inventory levels at many levels of the pharmaceutical supply chain is critical to ensuring continuous supply. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the covid-19 related personal protective equipment’s (PPEs) inventory management and storage practices in selected covid-19 treatment centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Using a checklist and semi-structured questionnaire, as well as an interview guide, a descriptive cross-sectional and exploratory study design with a mixed approach including quantitative and qualitative research methodologies carried out and SPSS and Microsoft Excel sheets were used to analyze quantitative data. Thematic analysis techniques were also used to manually analyze qualitative data. The assessment findings showed that 90.5 percent of PPEs were available, with 9.5 percent out of stock ranging from 137 to 180 days, with the average stock out frequency 1 lasting the full six months. To ensure that all PPEs were accurately inventoried, logistics tools were used. The findings of the assessment also showed that only three of the seven PPEs, however, had updated bin cards, therefore, with bin card stock exceeding physical count in two of the centers for 43 percent of the PPEs. The assessment indicated that the COVID-19 treatment centers failed to meet the majority of the storage practice standards, with adherence to each center's falling below 50 percent. Limited storage space, poor inventory infrastructure, insufficient staff, and timely inventory management training are all major challenges identified. Therefore, the inventory management and storage practices for PPEs were inadequate. Key words: Inventory Management, storage, PPEs, challenges, COVID-19
Analysis Of Determinants Of Coffee Value Chain Performance In Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Bayu, Girma; Mitiku, Shiferaw (PhD)
Coffee is one of the most popular crop worldwide. The production and consumption of coffee in Ethiopia has a socio-economic importance and it is both local and export market destined produce. It has a major contribution to the economic development in Gross Domestic Production and Foreign exchange earnings. This study was conducted in South Western part of Ethiopia, major coffee growing woredas, selected as a sample to describe, analyze and explain the factors affecting coffee value chain performance in Ethiopia and to find possible ways enhancing the value chain’s performance. Towards this end, this descriptive and explanatory study utilized a combination of multistage, 1st level sampling or area sampling and random sampling techniques to select 13 sample woredas from the total of 35 woredas from selected coffee growing regions. Primary data was collected by distributing a total of 288 questionnaires and collecting 208 questionnaires with a 76 % response rate. Secondary data was gathered for Forex earning from export and GDP contribution from 2007 – 2016. The study employed quantitative analysis through questioner and secondary data. Findings of the study identified that the existing agronomic practices of coffee, government policy and regulation in place for the subsector and the role of financial institutions are contributing to the performance of coffee value chain in terms of Gross Domestic Production and Foreign exchange earnings. Finally, constraints in efficiency of production of coffee, the role of government policy and regulation in creating favorable marketing environment to value chain actors, support of financial institutions in encouraging coffee related investments, services provided by market institutions (Ethiopian Commodity Exchange) and the role of non-government organizations in alleviating obstacles in the value chain performance are areas that need greater attention in order to robust coffee value chain performance in Ethiopia
Analysis Of Factors Affecting The Humanitarian Logistics Performance: International Medical Corps Ethiopia.
(Addis Ababa University, 2020-07) Selman, Seid; Mitiku, Shiferaw (Ph.D)
Humanitarian Logistics is a very important cluster of activities during emergencies due to natural or man-made disasters in an effort to prevent loss of lives and property. However, the subject is not well researched compared to the business logistics in profit making organizations where profit is their main reason of existence. The main objective of this study was to assess the practices, identify factors affecting the humanitarian logistics performance and measure the performance of a selected nonprofit making international organization, International medical corps Ethiopia and try to contribute to the research family in the field. The main research design applied for the research was a descriptive and explanatory type of research design. This study is to combine the practice, internal & external factors together and examine their effects using survey data analyzed through empirical study and identified seven statistically significant variables both from internal & external factors. Descending from highest to lowest per their significance level factors are listed as: lack of collaboration, adequate donor funding, infrastructural situational factor, un availability professional staff, government situational factors, and Measuring the performance of humanitarian logistics and lack of recognition of logistics. Moreover, so far, these variables were not investigated in the international medical corps Ethiopia context and hence this study is the first and the original in the case of this organization. Finally, this study has filled to important research gaps: the empirical methodological gap that previous studies have failed but suggested to, and Assessment of the current situation in the effect of logistics performance and its associated factors at international medical corps Ethiopia.
An Analysis Of Haricot Bean Value Chain: The Case Of Boricha District, Sidama Zone, Snnpr, Ethiopia
(aau, 2018-06-04) Bokansa, Gebriel; Jebena, Tariku (PhD)
In Borich district, haricot bean are important food and cash crops that play a crucial role in the district. The overall objective of this research was to analysis of haricot bean value chain: profiling, antecedents and consequences of household farm activities in Boricha district, with the specific objectives of to map the value chain of haricot bean in the study area and to assess the relationship between antecedents of value chain activities of household farmers with the supply volume for market. The data were generated by individual interview by using questionnaires and checklists. This was supplemented by secondary data collected from different published and unpublished sources. Multistage sampling technique was applied. Sample of 180 haricot bean producers, Haricot bean traders also (15 local collectors or assemblers, 17 wholesalers, 10 retailers and 4 exporters) were sampled and interviewed along the chain. Descriptive statistics, value chain analysis and multiple regression analysis were employed. The main findings indicated that like variables age, family size, education, land size, haricot bean farming experience, access to extension service, and membership to any cooperative, off-farm income and marketing costs of haricot bean) were found to be significantly affecting the supply of haricot bean to market at household. Of these explanatory variables, Age , education , Land size, membership to any cooperative, off-farm income and marketing costs were the strongest factors that determine haricot bean supply to market (p<0.001). To improve the output of haricot bean production and marketing; actors should apply value chain approaches. But bringing about a meaningful change in the production and utilization of haricot bean in the study areas requires a combined effort of all relevant stakeholders
Analysis Of Laboratory Logistics Management Information System For HIV/AIDS Commodities In Selected Public Health Facilities In Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2018-09-22) Mohammed, Fozia; Mitiku, Shiferaw (PhD)
Laboratory logistics management information system is the management of laboratory commodities in a systematic and standardized way by collecting, processing and utilizing timely logistics data. This is mainly to notify quantification, procurement, storage and distribution of Laboratory commodities. The main objective of the research is to analyze the practices of logistics management information system in the supply of HIV/AIDS laboratory commodities in VL/EID testing at different health facilities in Ethiopia. Quantitative and qualitative Facility based Cross-sectional data on the use of LMIS on HIV/AIDS laboratory commodities of the viral load and early infant diagnosis (VL/EID) commodities for 13 Abbot and 6 Roche machine analyzers throughout the country from June 2018 to Sep 2018 were collected. Accordingly both parametric and non-parametric tests, specifically descriptive statistics like mean, frequency & percentage and Nonparametric tests like Kendal’s Wallis coefficient of concordance model were fitted. Target facilities under this study have a practice of logistics management information system for VL/EID laboratory commodities with medium managerial contribution. And, it is found out that 10(29.4%) stock out and 7(20.6%) overstock commodities for Abbot Machine, while 7(30.4%) stock out and 4(17.4%) overstock for Roche Machine. The majority of the facilities included in this study have technology, infrastructure & budget constraints in using LMIS. Provision of advanced IT support and re-designing the existing infrastructure can minimize the problem
Analysis of pharmaceutical supply chain performance in public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2018-05-11) Woldehitsan, Bezuayehu; Ensermu, Matheos (PhD)
Back ground: pharmaceutical Supply chain management is the backbone of healthcare delivery. It arises from the fact that health care is dependent on the availability of drugs and other medical supplies at the right time and in the right quantities for the management of patients. Public health facilities are facing challenges in assuring uninterrupted pharmaceuticals that are efficacious and have good quality, physically and financially accessible and used rationally. Developing a framework for assessing the performance of the supply chain requires certain assumptions, including the ones related the areas of its measurement. Several types of indicators have been developed to measure many supply chain and logistics activities. Objective: study aimed at analysis of the performance of pharmaceutical supply chain management practices and the strength and weakness at public health facilities in Addis Ababa Methodology: a quantitative and qualitative study approaches were employed to analyze the pharmaceutical performance of public health facility. The data was collected by using performance indicator analysis check list from 41 health facilities (2 referral hospitals, 2 regional hospitals and 37 health centers) questionnaire was used to collect data from Medical director, Store Manager and Pharmacy and key personnel from PFSA were interviewed and data collection check list was used to collect past performance of the health facilities. The health facilities were classified into their sub cities and type of facility and each facility was selected by using lottery method. Each individual to be studied were selected purposely. Result: A total of 41 Health facilities were observed and all the observed health facilities have their own facility specific drug list, low warehouse accident rate, most of the facilities have a supply planning but 58.54% of the surveyed health facilities encountered stock out of essential medicines. 64% of the pharmaceuticals price is below the average international price. Wastage rate range from 1.04-10.21% and the average inventory turnover rate was 0.82. The pharmaceutical supply chain performance of the public health facilities with respect to quality, responsiveness, cost and roductivity were found moderate. Conclusion: From this study we can conclude that the public health facility supply chain performance using different measuring indicators showed that the performance was moderate and poor availability of essential medicines, poor order fill rate, long lead time, high rate of expiry and low inventory turnover rate was seen. Recommendations: Public health facilities should revise their specific drug list, improve quantification, reduce rate of expiry in addition to this PFSA should consider the cost effectiveness of the producs, improve transportation and improve lead time.
Analysis of Pharmaceuticals Supply Chain Management Practices and Challenges - The Case of Ethiopian Pharmaceuticals Supply Agency Nekemte Branch
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-12) Emiru, Edosa; Busha, Temesgen(PhD)
This study was conducted to identify pharmaceuticals supply chain management practices and challenges at Ethiopian Pharmaceuticals Supply Agency Nekemte branch. Descriptive study design with mixed research approach was employed. The data was collected from 60 staffs of Nekemte branch using structured questionnaire. Then, the data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Kendall’s W Test was also conducted. The results were presented by charts and tables. Analysis of the data collected from respondents shows that: inventory management practice includes conducting physical inventory of pharmaceuticals at least once per year; the proper use of stock keeping logistics forms; availability and well documentation of pharmaceuticals procurement list, and implementation of electronic inventory management system. Availability of special storage area for cold chain items; availability of enough storage space; full functionality of storage equipment; implementation of Standard Operating Procedures were attributes of pharmaceuticals storage management practice. Distribution management practice include availability of enough vehicle and delivery of pharmaceuticals within recommended timeline. Nekemte branch will be benefited from implementation of pharmaceuticals warehouse management practice like regular compliance check of storage equipment; fitting transport vehicles with temperature and humidity monitoring devices; availing more special vehicles for transportation of cold chain items; striving to solve pharmaceuticals supply chain management challenges related to human resource management; working closely with relevant body to solve financial resource related challenges. Improving culture of using available data helps Nekemte branch to use its strong infrastructure for better decision making.
Analysis Of Supply Chain Integration Role On Export Performance. (Employees Perspective Of Anbessa Shoe S.Co.)
(Addis Ababa University, 2019-05) Tekie, Samson; Jebena, Tariku (PhD)
Analysis Of Supply Chain Integration Role On Organizational Performance Of World Food Programme Ethiopia Office
(Addis Ababa University, 2018-06-05) Haji, Abdulhakim; Mitiku, Shiferaw (PhD)
Supply chain integration practices are considered a powerful weapon to optimize performance of the organization. The objective of this study was to analyze the supply chain integration role on organizational performance of the World Food Programme. Analysis of the supply chain integration dimensions require determination of major components: external integration, internal integration, supplier integration, customer integration, information integration and measurement integration. The problems of uncertainty, longer lead and cycle times, high inventory level, inefficiencies and ineffectiveness in today’s supply chain were the critical factors that initiated this study for investigation. Both descriptive and an explanatory research design was employed with a sample of 110 employees through census that was 89% of the response rate. A questionnaire was used as a research tool for collecting data. Available data on these factors was gathered, formatted, processed and thoroughly checked for continuity and consistency. The supply chain integration and organizational performance data were infilled using the Five Point Likert-Scale while the Cronbach Alpha was used to check the data for reliability of measurement scale. The relationship between independent variables (supply chain integration) and dependent variables (organizational Performance) are also cross-checked from Pearson correlation matrix. To predict organizational performance from supply chain integration dimensions, such as external integration, internal integration, supplier integration, customer integration, information integration and measurement integration, the multiple linear regression model were adopted. The analysis indicated that the independent variables, supply chain integration with respect to the six dimensions (external integration, internal integration, supplier integration, customer integration, information integration and measurement integration) explained 36.4% variance on organizational performance. Out of the six independent variables, three of them (external integration, information integration and measurement integration) were statistical significant with p-value of less than 0.05 whereas the remaining three (internal integration, supplier integration and customer integration) were statistical insignificant with p-value greater than .05. The study concluded that the three independent variables (internal integration, supplier integration and customer integration) were rated low relatively to the others (external integration, information integration and measurement integration); this implies that these dimensions of supply chain are not at the optimal level in the organization. It is recommended that all the six dimensions of supply chain (external integration, internal integration, supplier integration, customer integration, information integration and measurement integration) should have to be integrated at the optimal level through system automation, framework agreement and relationship management in order to be an efficient and effective organizational performance
Analysis of Supply Chain management of Mother, Neonatal and Child Health Related Commodities in Public Health Facilities of Addis Ababa
(Addis Ababa University, 2018-06-02) Zerihun, Meseret; Mitiku, Shiferaw (PhD)
This study was aim to the Analysis of Mother, Neonates and Children Health commodities supply chain management in Addis Ababa City Administration Health Bureau facilities using descriptive study by utilizing both primary and secondary data. The quantitative data was collected using modified Logistics Indicator assessment tool from selected health facilities Pharmacy store. From total of 101 health facilities (95 Health centers and 6 hospitals) in Addis Ababa the study sample was selected considering 90% confidence level (z), 10% margin of error (e) and 0.5 estimated outcome of the interest or proportion (p) then by adjusting using finite population correction factor (FPC), 40 health facilities were found and selected using random sampling method by putting all the sites in alphabetic order. Finally, the result was analyzed using SPSS & Excel and presented in graphs and table form. Accordingly, even if 14 Mother, Neonates and Children Health commodities were selected to avail freely at facility level by Federal Ministry of Health, the study found an average of only 7.5 commodities were managed per facility which go as low as 4 and as high as 12. Despite low number of commodities were managed, their recording system was good enough as an average of 98.7% have bin cards in place and 93% were updating their bin cards. Reporting by using Internal Facility Report & Resupply form and schedule showed 75% of facilities were using Internal Facility Report & Resupply form and keeping schedule to resupply the dispensing unit from store. Also, the use of Report & Requisition Form for reporting and resupply found to be 85% of which 75% were sending to Pharmaceutical Fund Supply Agency. But the perceived refill rate was low, as 60% of facilities were perceived they were not refilled according to the request. Their storage condition showed with different criteria as high as 100% and the lowest was 80% of facilities fulfilling the necessary standard for storage. The inventory management was assessment for stock availability in previous 6 months prior to assessment showed an average, maximum and minimum stock out of 57.5%, 95% (Misoprostol Injection) and 12.5% (Amoxicillin 250mg DT) respectively. The same indicator at time of visit also showed an average, maximum and minimum stock out of 56%, 90% and 12.5% respectively. Other important indicator of inventory management was level of inventory (min-max), accordingly for basket of Mother, Neonates and Children Health commodities average number. Hence facilities are well practicing the of LMIS format for recording and reporting but there are high stock out of MNCH commodities in most assessed facilities. In contrast to stock out, for few products there are expiry and fear of expiry as they were over stocked in some facilities. Overall, it is important to integrate MNCH commodities supply chain into IPLS so as to address the issues of both stock out and overstock.
Analysis Of Supply Chain Management Practices & Operational Performance Of Key Tracer Drugs And Supplies In Private And NGO’s Maternal And Child Health Centers In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Comparative Study
(Addis Ababa University, 2018-09-05) Takele, Biniyam; Mitiku, Shiferaw (PhD)
This research was conducted in an attempt to investigate the status of supply chain management practice (measured in terms of four dimensions, namely procurement practice, Inventory management practice, warehouse storage practices and transportation practices) and its relationship with Supply Chain Management operational performance in Maternal Child Health centers both the private & Non-Governmental Organizations in Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Owning to the small number of the total population, the study had employed census survey to quantitatively & qualitatively assess the supposed relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Questionnaire was used as the formal instrument of data collection. A total of 50 questionnaires were distributed and 47 of them were filled and returned which made the response rate about 94 percent and of which all of them were found complete and hence qualified for being processed. The study findings show that the levels of supply chain management practices and supply chain management operational performance of Private Maternal Child Health centers are at improved level than that of Non-Governmental Organization’s Maternal Child Health centers which is at moderate level as the perceived evaluation of the respondents reply. It has also revealed that, though all of the dimensions of Supply Chain Management practices have statistically significant positive relationship with Supply Chain Management operational performance. Transportation practices was found to have no statistically significant predictive power on Supply chain management operational performance of Maternal Child Health centers, while the remaining three dimensions have found to have a statistically significant predictive power on Supply Chain Management operational performance of Maternal Child Health centers. It is recommended that all Maternal Child Health centers especially in Non-Governmental Organizations are required to review their existing Supply Chain Management practices. In addition, they have to make the necessary modifications in order to benefit from the performance improvements in terms of improved quality, swift delivery time, reduced total cost of Supply Chain Management, and volume & mix flexibility of Key tracer drugs and supplies and satisfaction of customers
Analysis Of The Humanitarian Logistics Performance: The Case Of Ethiopian Red Cross Society
(Addis Ababa University, 2020-06) Gebreyesus, Selamawit; Jebena, Tariku (PhD)
The objective of the research study is to analyze the humanitarian logistics performance of Ethiopian Red Cross Society (ERCS). The researcher has used SCOR model to measure the humanitarian logistics performance of ERCS. The study is descriptive and Correlation research. The researcher undertakes a census study in Ethiopian Red Cross Society. The study has used primary data collected through self-administered questionnaire. The self administered questionnaire data are analyzed using mean as a measure of central tendency and inferential statistics. According to the findings of the study, ERCS perform best in responsiveness and the reliability performance attribute needs improvement. In addition to this, the relationships proposed in the framework were tested using Person’s correlation. From the result of the analysis it is concluded that there is positive and statistically significant relationship between procurement, warehouse management and humanitarian performance. Nevertheless this study indicates there is positive correlation between transport, distribution management and humanitarian logistics performance, the relationship is very weak. This initiates further research to thoroughly see the significance of the relationship in different humanitarian organization.
Analysis Of The Performance Of Horticultural Exporters In Ethiopia: A Logistics Perspective
(Addis Ababa University, 2020-06) Fikru, Estifanos; Temesgen, Busha (PhD)
The central focus of this study was to find out the effect of logistics activities on the export performance of the horticultural exporters. The study attempted to see the extent to which logistical activities are affecting the horticultural export industry. It has tried to find out good and poor practices of logistical activities in the horticultural export sector in Ethiopia. In the literature review, various books were consulted on the theoretical aspect. Each of the main logistical activities were explained in the theoretical literature review. As there were fewer researches conducted in the topic in relation to Ethiopian context, a limited number of related researches were taken as an example. The research method that was utilized in this study was qualitative by using in-depth interviews. Most of the respondents were experts, owners and managers who were operating in the industry for over a decade. In order to make the study complete and representative of all the subsectors, interviewees were selected from flower, vegetable and fruit exporters. An expert from the Horticulture exporters association was also involved in the interview. There were a significant improvement in Ethiopia in facilitating logistical activities. Even though, the horticulture export industry is small and young compared to other countries actively working in the industry, significant problems in the industry persist. Some of the highlighted problems in the industry were a lack of good quality packaging materials, lack of local ago-chemical suppliers and significantly high raw material prices. Other issue raised were lack of spare-parts necessary to maintain cooling systems along with qualified personnel, lack of reliable electricity supply in the country and limited flight to Amsterdam. Incapacitated state institutes running the horticultural industry were also one of the major problem highlighted by few interviewees.
Analysis of the Primary and Support Activities in the Value Creation of Selected Garment Factories in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Sultan, Zebib; Mitiku, Shiferaw (PhD)
The garment industry of Ethiopia is reported to show a decline in its export performance according to the report of the Ethiopian Textile Industry Development Institute. Gaps in logistics, marketing, leadership capacity are also witnessed in the sector. Success in business depends on finding competitive advantage. With the objective of addressing the problem in the industry from the manufacturers’ value chain management perspective, and the role each functional unit plays in delivering value and gaining competitive advantage, this research was carried out on fifteen garment factories what were considered representatives on the basis of long years of experience, productivity, introduction of new technology, marketability. Primary data was collected with the help of questionnaires and personal interviews. In addition, previous research works in the sector, journals and different documents were used as a secondary source of data. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS. The study was based on the value chain model of Michel E. Porter (1985) in which the management of five primary activities: Inbound logistic, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, services, and four support activities as technology development, infrastructures, human resource management and procurements were analyzed. Accordingly, the study revealed that inbound logistics, outbound logistics and firm infrastructure are seen to be well managed. On the other hand; services, technology development, human resources and operations are seen to be moderately managed. However, marketing and sales of the primary activities are seen not to be well managed. In addition, the study also explored the challenges manufacturers face in delivering value. Accordingly, problems with respect to unavailability of locally produced fabrics, accessories, packing materials, and the resulting high cost of import are mentioned as the main challenge by most of the interviewees. Manufacturers should improve their marketing activities incorporating marketing research, product design, branding, beyond the traditional way of selling their products, and develop their human resource management. Considering the challenges they face in the industry, government should work on ways of having input materials manufactured locally
Analysis on the Performance of Third Party Transporters: the Case of Heineken Breweries S.C.
(Addis Ababa University, 2018-05-06) Legesse, Afework; Assefa, Teklegioegis (Associate Professor)
This study focuses on evaluating the performance of existing third party transporters using performance indicators. The research is descriptive study applying quantitative approach in which data was collected across a population through random and non-random sampling and uses descriptive statistics for the data analysis. The objective of the study is to analyze the performance of third party transporters and make recommendations on possible improvement areas. The study has revealed that the performance of the transporters is not similar across the performance indicators. The study shows that Vehicle Fill of the transporters performance is significantly above average with 83% performance rate all across the transporters. The study also signified Empty Running, On-Time-In-Full, Deviations from Schedule and Safety performance is different from transporters to transporter and the existing performance is far lower than the expected level. In conclusion given each of the stakeholders agree to work closely with high sense of cooperation and work appropriately on their areas of responsibilities, there is a potential to drive down the performance gaps. The performance measurement should be done properly by reviewing the performance of the transporters. If corrective measures are taken on the identified performance gaps, this can lead to great benefits and improvements. Based on the findings of the research it is recommended that Heineken should focus on continuously measuring the performance of the transporters. It should also organize experience sharing mechanisms among the transporters because this will provide an opportunity to learn from each other.
Analyzing Coffee Supply Chain: a study on Harrar Coffee, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2018-06-04) Tsige, Metasebiya; Jebena, Tariku (PhD)
This study examines coffee supply chain in Darolebu, West Harrerge, where plenty of supply of Harrar coffee type comes from. The study was principally designed for identifying and categorizing the Harrar coffee supply chain actors, their roles and relationships and measure internal efficiency level in the chain. This descriptive mixed survey study uses multi-stage sampling method to select 125 farmers, 13 collectors including primary collectors and cooperatives and 28 exporters. And both primary and secondary data collected using data collection instruments: questionnaire and interview analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative data analysis methods. The supply chain analysis of Harrar coffee is done by employing internal efficiency measures of inventory value, inventory turns, return on sales and cash to cash cycle time. Findings show that there is excess coffee left over in the supply chain 20%, which prove deficiency in efficiency; all the three Harrar coffee supply chain actors mention that it is the most quickly converted to cash commodity; the chain lacks efficiency 88% in return on sales and by cash- to- cash cycle time measurement, the chain actors waits a maximum of three month to collect their revenue from their final customers. Generally by the four internal efficiency measurements of supply chain performance, Harrar coffee supply chain signifies that there is insufficiency in efficiency. Challenges that are disturbing the chain while doing its business include lack of improved seed supply and lack of knowledge on modern coffee production in the production spot, poor quality coffee followed by low price offer for the suppliers and lack of well developed logistic providers, high logistics cost and low government concern to the sector at the export side; although being the country’s pride make coffee respected commodity. Generally findings suggest that government must give appropriate attention to the sector and all participant actors should work jointly for the betterment of the overall supply chain gain.
Analyzing Construction Supply Chain Management Constraints and Mitigation Measures: The Case of Addis Ababa Housing Construction Project Office
(Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Metaferia, Teshome; Assefa, Teklegiorgis(Associate Professor)
The objective of this study is to analyze construction supply chain management constraints and the mitigation measures: The Case of Addis Ababa Housing Construction Project Office based on identifying the factors that affecting the SCM and mitigation strategy. In light of this objective, the study employed descriptive research. Simple random and non-probability sampling designs were employed based on the nature of the target population. Consequently, the study selected a sample of 259 individuals from 767 population. The data analyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics. The analysis and finding shows that the factors that affecting SCM like lack of well information sharing on SCM, lack of Understanding the SCM environment, lack of conceptual knowledge on SCM and lack of Support from top management affects the SCM and some of the strategy to mitigate this factors are like Creating external communication systems, the use of performance measurement systems, application of IT in SCM, preparing detail and complete construction materials requirement plans, creating smooth working atmosphere between each process, sub process, section, prepare an extensive and comprehensive training program to equip the best employees. Based on the study, the researcher recommends the PO and other concern bodies should have maintain well information sharing system, prepare an extensive and comprehensive training program, apply IT in SCM, create smooth working atmosphere between each process, sub process, section, prepare detail and complete construction materials requirement plans.

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