Logistics and Supply Chain Management
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Item The Effect of Internal Organizational Integration on Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Performance: In the Case of Black Lion Hospital(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-10) Abeba Gezahegn; Tariku Jebena (PhD)The researcher has been examined the effect of internal organizational integration on pharmaceutical supply chain performance at black lion Hospital. The study focused on three key variables of internal integration: informational integration, resource sharing and organizational relationship linkage. The study used quantitative research approach using descriptive and explanatory research design. The target population consisted is 91 pharmacy professional. The population sixe was small and manageable a census sampling technique was used. The study was used primary data collected using structured questionnaires designed on a five-point Likert scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 27 through descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The summary findings show that internal integration practices exist within the hospital, particularly in terms of information sharing, departmental coordination and organizational linkage. Most of respondents agreed that informational systems and communication tools are in place and that departments often share operational data resource. The hospital performs well in areas such as emergency response, cost reduction, and service delivery. The correlation analysis shows that positive relationship between all three internal integration dimension and supply chain performance. Therefore, regression results showed that only organizational relationship linkage had a statistically significant effect on pharmaceutical supply chain performance. Information integration and resource sharing showed positive but statistically insignificant effects. The model explained 51% of the variation in supply chain performance. The study concluded that organizational relationship linkage is the most important determinant of pharmaceutical supply chain performance at Black Lion specialized Hospital. Strong collaboration, communication and coordination among departments supported significantly to increase pharmaceutical supply chain performance. Thus, the hospital should strengthen interdepartmental relationship, improve information sharing mechanisms, increase resource sharing practices and invest in integrated information systems to further increase pharmaceutics supply chain performanceItem The Role of Supply Chain Technology Adoption in Enhancing Service Delivery: The Case of Commercial Bank of Ethiopia(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-09) Amanuel Million; Kirubel Bruck (PhD)Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE) by analyzing five aspects namely ICT infrastructure, digital integration, automation, interoperability, and information sharing. For purposes of conducting the study, an explanatory research design which involved both qualitative and quantitative methods was used. In order to collect quantitative data, a structured questionnaire was distributed to 193 participants who had been sampled using stratified random sampling methods from four CBE branches located in Addis Ababa. For qualitative data collection, eight branch managers were interviewed using a structured interview method which had been sampled using purposive sampling method. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression for quantitative data while qualitative data was subjected to thematic analysis. ICT infrastructure and data sharing were, however, not significant independent variables, but the crucial role they played was validated through high correlation levels. Some of the organizational barriers that proved influential on the results included lack of adequate skills, insufficient budgets, incompatibility between systems, and resistance to change. Considering these results, the research proposes the following recommendations for CBE: prioritization of automation of high volumes of internal processes, resolving interoperability issues between Oracle and T-24 systems, improving digital integration through replacement of older systems, upgrading of ICT infrastructure as a critical component, and digital skills and change management initiativesItem The Role of Digitalization on Custom Operations and Trade Facilitation; Evidence from Ethiopian Custom Commission(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-10) Amanuel Gobeze; Shiferaw Mitiku (PhD)Ethiopian customs commission digitalization practices implemented by the actively modernizing cross-border operations by transitioning manual work flows into integrated electronic systems. Today in globalization each and every day activity is integrated with digitalization. The country also has technological advancement and applied digitalization to achieve economic development. The objective of this research study was to examine the role of digitalization on customs operation and trade facilitation from Ethiopian customs commission. This study examines how digitization affects trade facilitation and customs operations at the Ethiopian Customs Commission. The study uses some points related to digitalization of current states, currently uses key digital tools and systems, and also evaluates the effectiveness and efficiency of digitalization. Finally see some digitalization challenges this research study is on Ethiopia customs commission at the Head office and future research study considers other customs commissions of the country. According to the study's findings, digitalization plays a crucial role in customs operations to facilitate the country's trade, although there are now operational issues related to culture and infrastructure. As a result, digitalization plays a crucial and significant part in ensuring their efficacy and efficiency. The study comes to the conclusion that, although while digitalization is a valuable instrument for enhancing trade and customs facilitation, implementation issues must be resolved in order to properly operationalize the usage of efficient digital systems. Encourage employees and improving technology infrastructure.Item Effects of Inventory Management Practices on Operational Performance: Evidence from Private Pharmaceutical Importers in Addis Ababa(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-10) Bamlak Azezew; Tariku Jebena(PhD)This study aimed at investigating the relationship between inventory management practices and operational performance by conducting an analysis on selected private pharmaceutical importers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. An explanatory research design with quantitative research approach was employed. The population of the study comprised of staffs working in 20 private pharmaceutical importers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A sample of 296 respondents was randomly chosen from the population of study. Primary data was obtained from 253 valid and usable respondents with the help of standardized and self-administered questionnaires through a 5-point Likert scale method. Both descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using SPSS version 26.0. From the findings, it is evident that inventory management practices such as record accuracy, inventory security, inventory turnover, supply responsiveness, storage compliance and demand forecasting have positively and significantly impacted operational performance. Among the identified variables, storage compliance and supply responsiveness showed highest effects while demand forecasting and record accuracy showed moderately significant impacts on operational performance. Inventory security and supply responsiveness showed the lowest effects on operational performance. Therefore, inventory management practices are effective predictors of operational performance. With the strategic use of storage compliance, inventory turnover, demand forecasting and record accuracy, professionals working in pharmaceutical industry can increase efficiency and effectively serve customers, especially when it comes to essential medicinesItem The Effect of Pharmaceutical Procurement Practice on Medicine Availability: The Case of Ethiopian Pharmaceutical Supply Service (EPSS) Head Office.(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-10) Birhanemeskel Hailu; Busha Temesgen (PhD)The purposes of this research were to analyse how pharmaceutical procurement practices affects medicines availability at EPSS Head Office. Agency theory, resource based view theory, and transaction cost economics were the theoretical frameworks of this research. The study analysed quantitative data were collected from EPSS using structured questionnaire and available records are reviewed for verification along with qualitative data collected from key informants. A facility-based cross-sectional study using a mixed-methods approach was conducted at Ethiopian pharmaceutical supply service (EPSS) head office and respondents were selected through stratified random sampling. For analysis four independent variables including demand forecasting accuracy, procurement lead time management, supplier reliability and contract fulfilment and operational and structural efficiency were included in the study. Descriptive statistics showed that the Demand Forecasting Accuracy have the composite mean of 3.51 (High), Procurement Lead Time Management 3.25 (Moderate), Supplier Reliability & Contractfulfillment 3.35 (Moderate), Operational & Structural Efficiency 3.30 (Moderate) and fina Medicine Availability (DV) which have composite mean of 3.10 (Moderate). Inferential analysis revealed significant positive relationship between procurement practices and medicine availability at the EPSS Head Office (R² = 0.378, p <0.05) and linier regression was done and found that all the four variables have effect on medicne availability. Stock-outs of medicines seem to be rooted from both sequential and simultaneous bottlenecks occurred due to inaccurate forecasting, unreliable facility level data on medicine consumption and stock, unpredictable lead-times and poor supplier fulfilment of the set contract scores or minimum expected requirementsItem The Effect of Supply Chain Digitalization on The Logistics Performance of East Africa Bottling Share Company(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-10) Dania Abdulmalik; Shiferaw Mitiku (PhD)Supply chain digitalization has emerged a critical strategy for organizations to improve logistics performance and remain competitive. Nevertheless, a considerable Ethiopian manufacturing companies have yet to capitalize on its potential. This study investigated the effect of supply chain digitalization on the logistics performance of East Africa Bottling Share Company (EABSC). A quantitative, explanatory research design was employed, and structured questionnaires were distributed to 101 employees across supply chain, logistics, IT, and operations departments, yiedling 67 usable responses collected. The data were analyzed using SPSS by descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The findings showed that supply chain digitalization at EABSC is implemented at a moderate level across all five SCOR dimensions, with Smart Manufacturing being the most diligently advanced and Reverse Logistics as the least. The regression results confirmed that Digital Planning, Smart Manufacturing, and Intelligent Delivery positively and significantly influence logistics performance, while Reverse Logistics showed an unexpected negative effect. Organizational, technological, and institutional challenges were all identified as moderate barriers to full digitalization. The study recommends that EABSC invest in integrated digital systems, strengthen employee digital capacity, and develop a coherent reverse logistics strategy to fully realize the performance benefits of supply chain digitalizationItem Integrated Sustainable Transportation Network Design using Transportation, Transshipment and Vehicle Routing optimization: A Case study of Moha Soft Drink industry S.C(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-09) Etsubdink Alemayehu; Kirubel Bruk (PhD)The purpose of this paper is to integrate Sustainable Transportation Network Design through the application of transportation, transshipment, and vehicle routing optimization models. A mixed-method research approach combining qualitative and quantitative methods was adopted with a in the distribution system of Moha Soft Drink S.C. The database consists of 10 interviews and 49 documents, the current distribution system is largely experience based and lacks integrated optimization mechanisms. The application of optimization models highly reduced transportation cost, improved vehicle utilization, minimized unnecessary travel distance, and enhanced route efficiency. Furthermore, the optimized distribution network improved sustainability through reduced fuel consumption and lower transportation related environmental impact. The optimization network reduces total transportation cost from 23,712,296 to 4,292,000 then 623,868.70 then finally to 466,093.44 and decreased total carbon emission by 285.21kg per kg. The findings contribute to theory development at the intersection of transportation, transshipment, and vehicle routing models provides an effective framework for designing sustainable logistics systems within the beverage industry. By diffusing knowledge regarding available remedies, the study contributes to improving sustainability effectiveness, thereby fostering both practical and theoretical insights into supply chain optimization and sustainable transportation management. This research highlights the criticality of Sustainable Transportation Network Design .The sustainable transportation network effect on Using Transportation, Transshipment, and Vehicle Routing Models reduced fuel consumption and lower transportation related environmental impact.Item Assessment of Warehouse Digitalization and Its Impact on Customer Satisfaction: The Case of Beker Pharmaceutical Company(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-10) Eyob Gizaw; Zelalem Bayisa (PhD)The present thesis focuses on the implementation of digitalization in the warehouse at Beker Pharmaceutical Company in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and examines the impact of the digitalization directly on the customer satisfaction in the downstream sector of the pharmaceutical industry in the specific scope of the pharmaceutical industry as a special distribution industry. The study aims to investigate the influence of different dimensions of digital warehousing (Information Accessibility, Information Accuracy, Communication Efficiency and Timeliness, and Perceived Quality of Technology) on the service delivery expectations and operational expectations of business-to-Business (B2B) clients from the perspective of the Information System Success Model. A cross-sectional, mixed methods research design was used in which structured questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data from a statistically representative sample of 168 active commercial clients (including retail pharmacies, wholesalers, hospitals, and clinics), and qualitative data was collected through key informant interviews with 5 internal logistics and warehouse management personnel. Using IBM SPSS the overall predictive model was highly significant (F = 68.56; p < 0.001; Adjusted R^2 = 0.618), which indicated that all four constructs in the digitalization were statistically significant positive predictors of customer satisfaction. Information Accuracy was the top standalone predictor of the client experience. At the same time, the qualitative feedback identified key systemic chokepoints, such as regular network disconnections, a slow-down in the real-time data updating of the inventory, and hardware strains during peak hours. The conclusions of this study are to upgrade technical server infrastructure, creating redundant internet backups, adding more features in Warehouse Management System (WMS) to automatically track the product expiry date and return, and adding a self-service digital web portal to allow downstream partners to use the internet to access real-time inventory balances seamlessly.Item Assessing the Effect of Logistics Challenges on Operational Performance: The case of Soufflet Malt Ethiopia S.C.(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-09) Eyoel Getachew; Tariku Jebena(PhD)The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of transportation and logistics problems on the operational performance of Soufflet Malt Ethiopia S.C supply chain. Proper management of transportation and logistics is a crucial aspect of a supply chain operation, especially in the manufacturing industry. This study identified seven critical challenges including Logistics Infrastructure and Facilities, Planning & Scheduling Maturity, Cost Inflation, information flow and technology integration, regulatory and policy issues, warehousing efficiency and supply chain visibility. This research used a quantitative approach, by using structured questionnaires with a five-point Likert scale to people inside and outside the company. Data analysis included frequency, mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression to determine the relationship of these challenges to operational performance. I distributed 148 questionnaires and 112 or 75.5% were completed and returned. The seven combined challenges explained 86.8% (R2 = 0.868) of the variation in operational performance. Important predictors of performance were logistics infrastructure and facilities, cost inflation, regulatory and policy issues, information flow and technology integration and supply chain visibility. Logistics Infrastructure and Facilities have had the greatest impact, with problems such as poor road conditions, limited transport options and few alternative routes. Next in importance were logistics costs, mainly because of high fuel prices and inefficient operations. Infrastructure efficiency and Planning & Scheduling Maturity had a positive but not significant impact on performance. The study concludes that for better operational performance, Soufflet Malt Ethiopia S.C. invest in transportation and warehouse infrastructure, strengthen digital logistics systems like ERP and SAP, improve supply chain visibility through real time information sharing, enhance planning and scheduling practices, and collaborate with policymakers to reduce regulatory bottlenecks. These measures can improve operational efficiency, reduce logistics costs, and strengthen overall supply chain performance. This study contributes to the body of knowledge on supply chain management in Ethiopia and recommends other studies such as comparing different sectors and long-term studies.Item Supply Chain Bottlenecks in Coffee Export Logistics: A study of Major Coffee Export Companies in Addis Ababa(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-09) Gabriella Belay; Matiwos Ensermu (PhD)This study tried to investigates the serious supply chain bottlenecks at selected Coffee Export Company using a diagnostic framework to identify the weakest links in the export value chain. For this study mixed-methods research approach & explanatory design was employed, structured interviews with quantitative data from 64 coffee exporting companies. The research instrument showed high internal consistency, with Cronbach’s Alpha values greater than 0.70.The findings revealed that Coordination and Communication Failures emerged as the most severe bottleneck (Mean = 4.20), followed by transportation and warehousing challenges. Root-cause analysis, identified Customs Clearance Procedures with Mean = 4.45 and Shipping Agent mismatch with Mean = 4.33 one of main setback. Inferential statistical analysis validates very strong negative correlation with r value of -0.828 between overall bottleneck severity and export performance.Item The Effect of Strategic Sourcing on Procurement Performance of Humanitarian Supplies: Evidence from Selected Local Humanitarian Organizations in Ethiopia(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-10) Gashahun Asrat; Shiferaw Mitiku (PhD)This study examined the effect of strategic sourcing practices on the procurement performance of humanitarian supplies with evidence from selected local humanitarian organizations in Ethiopia. A quantitative research approach with a descriptive analysis was applied. Data were collected via structured questionnaires from 116 respondents across four selected local humanitarian organizations (Family and Children Integrated Development Foundation, NEXUS Ethiopia, Oromia Development Association, and Action for Social Development and Environmental Protection) through a census method. Descriptive statistics analysis of means and standard deviations, and inferential statistics of multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The study findings obtained that supplier prequalification was the most established strategic sourcing practice with a mean of 4.0108, joint purchasing initiatives were the least performing with a mean of 2.9009. On the procurement performance, regulatory compliance recorded the highest score mean 4.0819 and lead time was the weakest performance, with a mean of 3.5754. The inferential study of regression analysis shows that the model is highly significant. The overall model score has a value of F= 29.885 and p < 0.001. The procurement performance was explained by 62.2% of the sourcing strategies in the study, where sustainability-oriented procurement (β = 0.305, p = 0.001), local supplier development (β = 0.300, p < 0.001), and inventory pre-positioning (β = 0.255, p = 0.008) emerged as statistically significant positive predictors of procurement performance. However, issues of political instability and security, whose mean is 4.14, and poor infrastructure, whose mean is 4.09, have been identified as having the highest levels of difficulty. The research has come to the conclusion that strategic sourcing activities are not completely embraced, and that procurement activities in lead times are driven by compliance cultures. The paper proposes that the local NGOs improve their procurement activities, develop programs for local suppliers, increase strategic pre-positioning, and focus on lead times as a major gap in procurement performance. The donors are advised to be more flexible in their funding arrangements for strategic sourcing and infrastructure.Item Enablers And Barriers of Logistics Digitalization In Enhancing Supply Chain Performance: A Case Study Of the Maintenance Department in The Ethiopian Ministry of National Defense, Logistics Main Department(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-10) Goitom Hailu; Shiferaw Mitiku (PhD)In a dynamic environment, organizations must continuously optimize operations to ensure long-term resilience and asset readiness. Changing from traditional, manual workflows toward integrated digital systems is key to achieve best performance. Historically, reliance on decentralized databases and manual tracking has limited operational visibility, and leads to systemic inefficiencies. In modern logistics, eliminating these foundational bottlenecks is a strategic necessity for any institution aiming to optimize performance. This study tried to identify enablers and barriers of logistics digitalization and pinpoint their impact on Supply Chain Performance (KPIs) within the Maintenance Department of the Ethiopian Ministry of National Defense (EMNoD) Logistics Main Department. During the study the researcher adopted descriptive and explanatory research design to utilize quantitative approach. The primary data was collected from the census sample of 165 personnel working in the Technical Maintenance, Supply and Inventory departments using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regressions were performed using SPSS software to test individual and framework hypotheses. Descriptive analysis indicated critically low digital adoption rates (Mean < 1.76) with severely depressed supply chain performance metrics, especially with visibility and cost-effectiveness (Mean = 1.59). On the contrary, institutional barriers, such as financial costs and lack of specialized training, were heavily reported (Mean > 4.0). The correlation and regression modeling verified that the integrated framework accounts for 54.4% of the total variance in supply chain performance (R2 = 0.544, F(8, 156) = 13.061, p < .001). Top Management Commitment (β = 0.465, t = 6.964, p < .001) was the second strongest statistically significant predictor after Technological Infrastructure (β = 0.576, t = 8.321, p < .001). In conclusion, optimization of supply chain performance of the maintenance department depends on the foundation of technological infrastructure combined with commitment of top management. EMNoD defense logistics department must allocate specific budget for building strong ICT infrastructure and updated tracking systems, enforce strict change management systems , and introduce a centralized digital operations dashboard to merge isolated data pockets into a unified visible workflow.Item Impact of Supply Chain Practices on Medicine Wastage and Expiration Rates in Zewditu Memorial Hospital(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-10) Habtamu Firew; Zelalem Bayissa (PhD)Background: Globally, the amount of wastage and expired medicines is growing at an alarming rate due to lack of effective supply chain management, poor storage management and oversupply of medicines, especially in resource limited setting also medication waste can occur in all stages of the pharmaceutical supply chain and it involves various stakeholders in the medication supply chain, from manufacturer to patient, contributing to medication waste. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of supply chain practices on Medicine Wastage and Expiration Rates in Zewditu Memorial Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was employed, involving 78 respondents selected through purposive sampling from pharmacy professionals, nurses, and department heads directly involved in pharmaceutical supply chain management. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire measuring five supply chain practice domains and medicine wastage outcomes on a five-point Likert scale. Secondary data on medicine wastage values (2016–2017 EFY) were abstracted from hospital records. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 27, RESULT: The response rate was 86.6%. All five supply chain practices demonstrated significant positive correlations with medicine wastage. Inventory management showing the strongest correlation (r = 0.724). Inventory management had the strongest effect (β = 0.373, p < 0.001), followed by forecasting (β = 0.237, p = 0.004), procurement (β = 0.224, p = 0.005), storage (β = 0.188, p = 0.006), and information sharing (β = 0.142, p = 0.034). The total financial value of wasted medicines in EFY 2016–2017 was 4,310,676 ETB, representing a 0.58% wastage rate. The top three wasted pharmaceuticals by value were Potassium Chloride injection (833,721 ETB), Microbiology Urea Agar (303,922.50 ETB), and Blood collection tubes (150,000 ETB).Item The Role of Leveraging Digital Transformation and Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Logistics Management: Analysis of Opportunities, Adoption Barriers and Policy Imperatives in Logistics Sector in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-10) Henok Birhanu; Shiferaw Mitiku (PhD)This study examines the strategic role of digital transformation and Artificial Intelligence (AI) deployment in driving sustainable logistics management within the context of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Amidst institutional efforts such as the Digital Ethiopia 2025 framework, a notable implementation gap persists between high-level policy visions and localized operational realities. To evaluate this ecosystem, the study adopted a quantitative, descriptive research design. Primary empirical data was gathered via structured questionnaires from 108 validated practitioners (a 90% response rate) across strategic public institutions including the Ethiopian Shipping and Logistics Service Enterprise (ESLSE) and the Ethiopian Artificial Intelligence Institute (EAII) and premier private logistics firms. The empirical findings reveal a highly fragmented digitization landscape. While baseline transactional technologies, such as real-time GPS fleet telematics (M = 3.89) and FinTech payment solutions (M = 4.04), exhibit high adoption integration, critical core logistics frameworks, including Automated Warehouse. Management Systems (WMS) and customs-linked Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), remain moderately underutilized. Furthermore, advanced AI maturity is severely constrained by systemic infrastructural deficits, primarily unreliable power grids and a scarcity of localized AI technical vendors, alongside prominent organizational barriers such as prohibitive capital requirements and localized digital literacy gaps. Conversely, structural optimization models indicate that advanced AI deployment yields substantial latent opportunities for sustainable logistics, specifically driving economic cost-efficiencies, reducing fossil fuel consumption, and elevating end-to-end supply chain transparency. To mitigate these structural friction points, the study concludes with a policy roadmap, emphasizing the immediate imperative for targeted government-backed digital skills training frameworks, import tax exemptions on specialized logistics hardware, and the establishment of a unified national data-sharing infrastructureItem Analysing Determinants of Effective Supplier Relationship Management in Construction Projects: The case of Ayat S.C.(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-10) Henos Desyibelh; Matiwos Ensermu (PhD)he study explores the structural and behavioral determinants of effective Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) in the context of large-scale real estate construction project in Ethiopia. Based on the Relational View and Social Exchange Theory, the research assesses the causal effects of four key dimensions: Contract Management, Supplier Selection, Collaboration and Trust, and Conflict Management on Effective SRM. Construction projects are facing several challenges, including delays, cost overruns, and quality issues which creates unsatisfied end user and that can be attributed to poor relationships in the middle of clients, consultants, contractors and suppliers. Among this suppliers and contractor‟s relationship faces several challenges in construction projects. To provide an empirically rigorous investigation into the relationship dynamics this study adopts quantitative, descriptive, and explanatory research design to empirically validate the hypotheses of the study. Primary data was collected through a 5-point Likert scale survey administered via purposive sampling to a technically diverse cohort of construction professionals, and suppliers at Ayat S.C. The analysis confirms a robust and highly predictive research model and the diagnostic tests verify that the selected variables are appropriate for regression with a predictive accuracy of 97%. Empirical findings suggest that the optimization of contractor-supplier relations requires a balanced integration of hard institutional governance structures and soft relational capacities. The result of the standardized coefficients proves that one-standard-deviation upgrade in Collaboration and Trust execution generates a 0.27, Conflict Management 0.346, Contract Management 0.443, and Supplier Selection 0.065 standard deviation increase in SRM effectiveness respectively. In conclusion the study offers dynamic strategic routes to procurement managers and project administrators facing volatile emerging real estate markets, and selecting a capable supplier establishes a vital operational baseline that capability remains dormant and is only realized through active daily contract enforcement, conflict mitigation and resolution mechanisms and trusted collaboration through the project lifecycle. The recommendations are transition from reactive dispute resolution to proactive contract governance, establish integrated supplier selection protocols, and Optimize the project performance by self-reinforcing feedback loopItem The Effect of Road Transport Infrastructure on Logistics Performance: In The Case of Moha Soft Drink Industry SC Plants in A.A.(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-09) Meron Mekbib; Busha Temesgen (PhD)This study examines the effect of road transport infrastructure on logistics performance at Moha Soft Drink Industry S.C., across its Teklehaimanot, Summit, and Nifas Silk plants in Addis Ababa, focusing on five infrastructure dimensions: scheduling, accessibility, safety, efficiency, and route choice. Using a quantitative, cross sectional design, primary data were collected from 132 logistics and operational staff out of a target population of 170 (77.8% response rate), predominantly drivers with over a decade of experience, and analyzed through descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression in SPSS. Descriptively, respondents agreed that infrastructure deficiencies disrupt MOHA's logistics operations across all five dimensions, though only scheduling showed a strong correlation with logistics performance (r = .661, p < .01). The regression model was statistically significant (R² = .468, Adjusted R² = .447, F = 22.168, p < .001), explaining 46.8% of the variance in logistics performance, with scheduling emerging as the dominant predictor (β = .681, p < .001) and efficiency also significant but negatively associated with performance (β = --.144, p = .034), while accessibility, safety, and route choice showed no independent predictive power despite being rated as serious operational concerns. The study concludes that scheduling reliability and operational efficiency are the primary drivers of logistics outcomes at MOHA, and that improving infrastructure alone will not automatically translate into better performance, recommending investment in real time scheduling systems, efficiency focused cost tracking, and coordinated long term infrastructure improvements with public road authoritiesItem The Effect of Drug Supply Shortages on Hospital Logistics Performance and Patient Care: A Case Study at Public Hospitals in Adama Town, Ethiopia(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-09) Mesfin Mamuye; Zelalem Bayisa (PhD)Drug supply shortages are one of the most critical issues public health systems are facing in sub-Saharan Africa, with considerable impact on hospital logistics performance and quality of patient care. This study explores the effects of drug supply shortages on hospital logistics performance and patient care at three public hospitals in Adama town of Oromia Regional State: Adama Hospital and Medical College (AHMC), Musie General Hospital, and Bati Hospital.This mixed-method approach applied a structured questionnaire that was administered to 229 health professionals, pharmacists, procurement officers, and logistics professionals, plus key informant interviews with 15 senior administrators and observations. Secondary data was collected from the hospital stock ledger, dispensing records, and procurement reports for financial years 2024/25 to 2025/26.The findings from the study demonstrated that all three hospitals face continuous shortages in essential medicine stock and have an average stock-out rate of 34.7 percent during the study period. Regression analysis revealed that drug supply shortage severity (β=-0.512, p < 0.001), procurement inefficiency (β = -0.341, p < 0.001), and storage capacity inadequacy (β = -0.287, p = 0.003) were significant negative predictors of logistics performance (R² = 0.572). ANOVA indicated significant differences in perceived patient care quality across hospital levels (F = 18.34, p < 0.001). Pearson correlation showed a strong negative relationship between stockout frequency and patient satisfaction (r = -0.631, p < 0.001). Qualitative findings corroborated these results, with healthcare providers describing treatment delays, prescription substitutions, and patient distress as common consequences of supply shortages. The study recommended strengthening quantification and forecasting, decentralization of emergency procurement decision power, application of HMIS, improved supplier contract management, and wide use of buffer stock policy. These findings are contributing to the body of evidence in Ethiopia's pharmaceutical supply chain reform and would provide practical implications for hospitals, administrators, health professionals, and policymakersItem The Effect of Contract Management on Public Procurement Performance: The Case of Ethiopian Sugar Industry Group(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-09) Michael Abbi; Tariku Jebena(PhD)Effective contract management is a fundamental prerequisite for public enterprises seeking to optimize resource utilization, reduce procurement costs, and deliver satisfactory services. This study examined the effect of contract management on procurement performance within the Ethiopian Sugar Industry Group (ESIG). The specific dimensions of contract management investigated were contract administration, contract dispute resolution, contract relationship management, contract monitoring, and contract evaluation, with procurement performance measured by cost efficiency, quality, lead time, and on-time delivery as the dependent variable. The study was guided by Transaction Cost Theory, Public Contract Theory, Relational Contract Theory, and Agency Theory. A mixed-methods research approach employing both descriptive and explanatory (causal-comparative) research designs was adopted. The descriptive component sought to characterize the current state of contract management practices in the ESIG, while the explanatory component investigated the causal relationships between specific contract management dimensions and procurement performance outcomes. The target population comprised 139 employees of the ESIG head office, drawn from the procurement, finance, legal, project machinery, factory construction, and administration departments. A sample of 126 respondents was determined using the Yamane (1967) formula, and participants were selected through stratified random sampling. Primary data were collected via a structured seven-point Likert-scale questionnaire, achieving a response rate of 88.1% (111 questionnaires returned). Cronbach's Alpha values ranged from 0.655 to 0.866, confirming acceptable reliability across all constructs. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson moment correlation, and multiple linear regression using SPSS. The results reveal a statistically significant positive relationship between contract management practices and procurement performance (R = 0.723, R² = 0.522, F (5, 103) = 22.511, p < 0.05). Contract administration (β = 0.287, p < 0.05), contract dispute resolution (β = 0.188, p < 0.05), contract monitoring (β = 0.410, p < 0.05), and contract evaluation (β = 0.331, p < 0.05) were significant positive predictors of procurement performance. However, contract relationship management exhibited a statistically insignificant and slightly negative relationship with procurement performance (β = −0.074, p > 0.05), suggesting the need for a revised strategic approach in this dimension. The study concludes that strengthening contract management practices particularly contract administration, dispute resolution, monitoring, and evaluation will significantly improve procurement performance in the ESIG and, by extension, in comparable Ethiopian public enterprises. Policy recommendations include mandatory contract management training programs, improved documentation and record-keeping systems, and the development of robust dispute resolution frameworks aligned with national procurement regulationsItem Challenges And Prospects of Logistics Digitalization in Ethiopia: The Case of Ethiopian Shipping and Logistics Service Enterprise(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-06) Mignote Mekasha; Zelalem Tadesse (PhD)Logistics digitalization is increasingly recognized as a key driver of operational efficiency, transparency, and competitiveness in modern supply chains. Despite its potential, the implementation of digital logistics systems in Ethiopia remains uneven and fragmented. The Ethiopian Shipping and Logistics Services Enterprise (ESL), as the country’s sole sea transportation provider and a central actor in international trade, has introduced various digital initiatives; however, its operational efficiency continues to lag behind regional and global benchmarks. This study examines the challenges and prospects of logistics digitalization in Ethiopia, with particular emphasis on ESL. A mixed-methods research approach was employed to enhance analytical rigor and triangulation. Quantitative data were collected through self-administered questionnaires from 139 managerial and senior staff members, selected using stratified random sampling. Qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders. Data processing involved editing, coding, and tabulation to ensure accuracy and consistency before analysis. Explanatory statistical techniques were applied using SPSS version 20, including mean and standard deviation analyses, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple regression analysis to examine relationships between variables. The findings reveal that logistics digitalization at ESL has resulted in positive but partial improvements in cost reduction, error minimization, and overall efficiency. However, challenges persist in technological infrastructure and regulatory policy, as well as the effect of logistics digitalization, the influence of digitalization on international trade, and the effect of data security on the implementation of logistics digitalization. Regression results confirm that logistics digitalization is a significant determinant of operational efficiency (R² = 0.989). The study concludes that stronger system integration, process reengineering, capacity building, and data governance are essential for achieving sustained digital transformation in Ethiopia’s logistics sector.Item Determinants Ofinventoryoptimizationmediated by Forecasting Accuracy: Evidence from The Ethiopian Disaster Risk Management Commission(Addis Abeba Universty, 2026-10) M ulu Y emiamrew; Kirubel Biruk (PhD)The aim of this study is to evaluate determinants in terms of stakeholder collaboration, data quality, scenario planning, staff expertise, and feedback mechanisms on inventory optimization , where forecasting accuracy acts as a mediator, at the Et hiopian Disaster Risk Management Commission (EDRMC). Using an explanatory research design along with quantitative research design was adopted , and the required data was collected from 201 logistic and forecasters in eleven departments. The data collected f rom structured questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation, and mediation analysis by 5,000 re sampling of the data set. All the five determinants together explained 68.7% of the variance in inventory optimization (R ² = 0.68 7, p < 0.001). The variables were ordered based on their ability to predict inventory optimization as follows; staff expertise (β = 0.281, p < 0.001), data quality (β = 0.223, p < 0.001), stakeholder collaboration (β = 0.210, p < 0.001), feedback mechanism (β = 0.203, p < 0.001), and scenario planning (β = 0.140, p = 0.002). The forecasting accuracy of the organization proved to have a partial mediating role in all the five predictor variables relationship with indirect effect (B = 0.072, SE = 0.011, p < 0. 001; bootstrapped CI [0.031, 0.118]). Organizational factors explained 40.4% of the variance in the dependent variable (R ² = 0.404, β = 0.636, p < 0.001). Descriptive results revealed that scenario planning was the least influential factor (M = 3.40) and u se of single deterministic forecast was high (M = 2.71). EDRMC embed scenario based forecasting into policy by requiring at least three alternative demand scenarios in every inventory plan. This reduces reliance on single deterministic forecasts (M = 2.71) and prepares the organization for uncertainty.