Sport Science

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The Role and Challenge of Ethiopia Sport Mass Media for the Development of Ethiopian Sport
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-06-30) Belete, Yidenekal; Asgedom, Tesfay (PhD)
The purpose of this study was to assess the role and challenge of Ethiopian sport mass media for the development of Ethiopian sport. To analyze the data both qualitative and quantitative method such as descriptive and frequency, standard deviation and percentage was employed .The qualitative data were analyzed as they were understand by the researcher. The data were collected through questionnaires and interview. By using purposive sampling method, EBC and Bisrat FM were sampled among 24 electronics sport mass media were found in Addis Ababa. Thus, the subjects in the study were 59 journalists were selected using census that works on Bisrat FM and EBC. One editor, two producers and a president of EJSA were selected from the 59 total target populations using purposive sampling technique. Study indicated that, sport mass media has a positive and significant contribution and role for the development of Ethiopian sport but not as much as needed and expected .This is in consequence of reasons such as, lack of material ,finance ,inadequate of professional journalist ,lack of willingness of behaving according to their profession ethics ,corruption ,lack of willingness of sport association in giving information and problem with implementing editorial policy were found in sport mass media. To overcome this problem ,the following recommendation have been forwards .This are improving the image of domestic sport ,identify the vital problem and suggest solution to these problem ,working with all stakeholders to solve the problem of resource ,promote adequate training to the professional ,strength interpersonal relation among professional and sport organization ,and journalist working hard on sport mass media should work to narrow the gaps on the implementation of editorial policy to develop the Ethiopian sport.
Assessing the Extent of Stunting Underweight and Wasting of Players in Selected Private and Government Football Projects in Addis Ababa
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-06-19) Wondie, Mikiyas; Bekele, Zeru (PhD)
The aim of this study was to assess the extent of stuntings, underweight and wasting of players in selected private and government football project in Addis Ababa. Child stunting affects the function and structure of the brain, impeding mental development and possibly affecting human capital and social progress in the long term. Stunting affects every organ in the body when organs do not get adequate nutrients. It can not function normally, from those organs brain is the first to be affected, which means when someone is affected by chronic malnutrition their brain can not function normally and they will be susceptible to mental and cognitive deficits. This study applied a community based comparative cross sectional descriptive research study design which was conducted among in governmental and private football projects in Addis Ababa district from December 10 up to June 2021. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the six U-15 project in Addis Ababa. Pretested and structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Anthropometric indicator, height-for-age, weight-for-age and weight-for-height was determined for players using current WHO growth standards. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 25. Having large family size were common factors significantly associated with stunting in both food secure and insecure households. When we see in stunting both government and private (<-2SD) 19.8% and 17%. When we see in wasting of sever (<-3SD) 5.6% of wasting in government, however ther is no sever wasting in private project. The study found that player, household characteristics were significantly associated with stunting and wasting among player under age 15. Resulted differences in mean Z score for height-for-age, weight-for-age and weight-for-height. There was no criterion to recruit new players. In general, based on the major findings of the study youth football projects in Addis Ababa regardless of the types of the projects (government vs private) were recruiting youths with the problem of stunting, wasting and underweight. Moreover, the level of coaches understanding and the attention given to focus and deal with the problem of stunting, wasting and underweight at the time of player selection was very low. Create awareness among coaches about the negative effects of stunting wasting and underweight conditions while working with youth at the age of fast physical and physiological changes. Coaches, technical staff, and all decision-making bodies should consider the status of the trainees (stunting, wasting, and underweight status) regular assessment regarding the growth and development of players.
Challenges in the Management of Football the Case of Ethiopian Football Premier League
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-07-04) Siyum, Solomon; Wolde, Bezabih (PhD)
The objective of the study was to examine the challenges faced by Ethiopian Premier League clubs in case of management. The target population of the study was football clubs participating in 2012 participating in Ethiopian football premier league. Out of 16(N=16) of the target populations of the club, five (n=5) clubs were included in this study based on purposive sampling technique. Partakers in this study were administrative employees, coaches, players, and medical personnel from five Ethiopian football clubs that competed in the 2012 Ethiopian Premier League. Participants from football clubs were selected by using simple random method and asked to fill questionnaires and the questionnaires were collected from the respondents. Interview was also carried out with each sampled club respondents. The total number of respondents participated in questionnaires are 109 from five different clubs. In each football club in minimum 19(nineteen) and maximum 24(twenty-four) participants participated in study. The data was described and evaluated using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies and the study was concluded with the following conclusions; There is a lack of FIFA standard club structure management. There is a lack of and a need for knowledgeable personnel in the club. There is a lack of and need for financial management experts. There is a lack of and need for media related weakly published magazines and advertisement. There is a lack of club relationship with fun in order to pay being member ship and respecting the rule and regulations of the club. And there is a lack of and need for functional management.
Improving the Performance of Under 17 Male Project Football Players with Specfic Reference to Debre Berhan Administrative Zone
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-01-05) Lisanework, Surafel; Tadess, Wondimu (Professor)
The purpose of this study is improving the performance of under-17 male project football player’s development program and its contribution to the main clubs with the case of Amhara league North shoa administrative zone. The samples of under-17 male project football player’s were selected Debre Berhan kenema football club purposely. The subject on the study were 40, 35 players and 5 coaches and coaching staffs. Therefore, census survey method was employed this is because that the number of the study group were too small to take samples. Instead of using other sampling, the researcher prefers to use mixed or triangulation technique as data collection instrument it helps to investigate in-depth and collect accurate information’s by using questionnaire, interview and observation. The data collected from questionnaires were analyzed in tabulation forms, in frequent counts and percentages. The other information’s collected from interviews and observations were analyzed through descriptive statements. The major findings of the study indicates that, lack of training equipment’s, lack of fitness trainings program which are exclusive from warming up and calling down in football training sessions, considering with modern football training method and nutritional variables were the major findings which directly or indirectly affects development of youth players in Debre BerhanAdministrative Zone under-17 male project football players. However, the above findings concluded that of the need for focus in the development football program of Debre Berhan Administrative Zone under-17 male project football players and others club who has the same structure of development programs therefore the researcher strained show those problems detail in this thesis.
Effects of Plyometric Training on Selected Physical Fitness Variables and Skill Performance With Specific Reference to Silte Zone Kemal and Sadat Football Academy Players
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-06-24) Naser, Mubarek; Taddese, Aschenaki (PhD)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks plyometric training on selected physical fitness variables and skill performance with specific reference to Kemal and Sadat Football Academy players found in Silte Zone. To attain the purpose of the study, the researcher used Quasi experimental design within 12-week plyometric training program. The Football Academy had a total N 90 players grouped into three age categories: U-13, U-15 and, U-17. The researcher selected the U-17 age category by using purposive sampling method and all the 30 players in this age category were clustered as control and experimental group by using simple random sampling method. The control group (n=15) registered mean scores of 15.72 and 1.87 for the chronological and Training age respectively while the experimental group (n=15) had mean scores of 15.85 and 1.64 chronological and Training age respectively. Only the experimental group was made to receive a 60 minutes plyometric training for12 consecutive weeks with frequency of 3 days per week. However, both groups engaged in the regular football training program that was given by the Academy. The selected physical fitness and football skills were strength, speed, power, accurate pass, and accurate shoot. Field tests were taken as data gathering instruments. These were wall sit test to measure lower body strength, vertical jump test to measure explosive lower body power, 30-meter sprint test to measure maximum speed, passing accuracy test to measure accurate pass, shooting accuracy test to measure accurate shoot. To determine the difference between pre training and post training mean values, a paired-samples t-test was computed by using SPSS software version 23 at 95% significance level for both experimental and comparison groups. The results of the paired samples t-test for the experimental and control groups respectively were wall sit Test P = 0.00 and P = 0.357, Vertical jump Test P = 0.01 and P = 0.06, 30 Meter Acceleration Test indicate P = 0.00 and P = 0.568, passing Accuracy Test P = 0.07 and P = 0.599, Shooting Accuracy Test P = 0.023 and P = 0.325. Generally, after the analysis of the study the researcher observed improvements on the selected physical fitness variables and skill performance of the experimental groups. Based on this finding, the researcher concluded that 12-weeks Plyometrics training had positive effect on the selected physical fitness variables and skill performance of the football players.
Team Cohestion and its Contribution to Improvr Team Performance the Case of Selected Amhara League Football Team
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-06-04) Girmachew, Rahel; Tadess, Wondemu (Professor)
The purpose of this study was to investigate team cohesion and its contribution to improve team performance in the case of Dembecha Kenema, Buri Kenema, Jega Kenema and Mankusa Kenema amhara leagu football clubs that be present playing in the amhara League of amhara region in 2020/21 G.C. The study used descriptive research design. The target population contained 98 players, four coaches and four team leaders of Dembecha Kenema, Buri Kenema, Jega Kenema and Mankusa Kenema football clubs.the total population was 106. A comprehensive sampling technique was used because all players, coaches, assistant coaches and team leaders of all teams were included in the study sample units. The players completed the Group Environment Questionnaire and a measure of a team performance questionnaire developed by the researcher. Face to face structured interview was also conducted to generate qualitative data on team cohesion and team performance. The collected data were analyzed using, descriptive statistics and correlation. The result showed that there was significant and moderate positive correlation between team cohesion and team performance. The result implied that team cohesion had theoretical and practical significance in improving team performance. The present study figured out the amhara league football teams are cohesive players and team cohesion had significant positive relation to team performance. The players have moderate understanding about the importance of team cohesion they can assist each other, they have a good satisfaction about their team, they develop their performance as the whole team and they register a good score in this season 2020/2021.
Football Coaching Leadership Styles Impact on Athletes Performance During Training and Competition in Bole Sub-City Women Higher League and Men First Division Clubs Players
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-07-01) Gebremichael, Abiy; Mossie, Tizazu (PhD)
This research in made with an aim of assessing the football coaching leadership styles impact on athletes performance during training and computation in Bole sub-city women higher league and men first division clubs. There are many factors that contribute to the success of any sports computations, but implementing of effective coaching leadership style is the major one. Especially for football it is an issue that cannot be ignored because football is a team game. Effective coaching leadership style is not only a matter of seasonal success but also of enhance the performance of the players for the long lasing time. A total of 59 questionnaires have been distributed to respondents for 23 women and 18 men players, 8 coaching staffs of the two clubs and 10 bole sub-city sport office officers and leaders. A descriptive research method has been implemented and date gathered has been presented and analyzed in by using SPSS 25 versions. Accordingly the research result shows, the organization, guideline and planning the one factor which affect coaching leadership styles on athletes’ performance during training and competition time. The status of this factor in the two clubs is 67.9% this shows that the organization form and leading by plane of the two clubs are not desired level. The other factor those are relationship between coaches and players, participation and motivation of players and the condition of training equipment, field conditions and other supplies shows that in desired level but the overall training and competition implementation way in medium level. Based on these results the complete organization forms of the clubs, the short, medium and long term plans and the rules and guidelines that can be implemented by all parties are the major ones. These conditions of the two clubs should be improved for the future. And also the support to the clubs in terms of transport, food, medical and field and provision of training materials are need improvement in the future.
Conflict Management and Resolution the Case of Ethiopian Athletics Federation
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-06-16) Tahelew, Ameneshewa; Taddese, Aschenaki (PhD)
Most scholars believed that Conflict is a natural phenomenon in any organization. It may arise in any time, situation, and place between individuals and groups in the organizations. This may lead to disagreement, clash each other and create problems in the organizations. These conflicts are unavoidable, but which need to use conflict management style and resolving strategy. The purpose of this study was to examine conflict management and resolution, with specific reference the case of Ethiopian Athletics Federation in Addis Ababa Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to identify the leading factors and way of resolving conflicts in Ethiopian Athletics Federation. Mixed method was used to collect data and descriptive survey research design was used to conduct this research. The sample size of this study was determined or calculated by using Yamane formula. Calculated sample sizes, all randomly select were included in the study with their total number of households. Total populations were 284. In the selection of research 166 participants were selected. In order to select study households the calculated sample size (i.e. 166) of the study sample was distributed to each included in the survey using probability proportionate to their size. In addition the selected research participants were given questionnaires and also selected to be part of interview in order to study as primary sources of the study. The study has used questionnaires, interviews, document analysis and observations for the purpose of collecting relevant information. The Data obtained through questionnaires were analyzed using statistically tolls like: frequency and Standard deviation, average mean. In addition the data collected and analyzed through questionnaires were used with interviews, document analysis in order to make triangulation. The finding of the study indicated that there were different causes and sources of conflicts in Ethiopian Athletics Federation. The gaps were also identified in the conflict management style and the time it takes to resolved. The result of the study called the attention of the Policy makers to revise the Policy and use to develop a strategy to drastically improve the capacity of resolving the problem.
Assessment of the Human Resource Management Practices in Dire Dawa Administration Youth & Sport Commission
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-08-17) Tesfaye, Haile; Bekele, Zeru (PhD)
Human Resource (HR) is the most important asset for any organization and it is the source of achieving competitive advantage. Without having the adequate human resource, the organization will be unable to achieve established goals and objectives. The main aim of this study is attempted to assess the Human Resource Management practicies of the Dire Dawa Administration Youth & Sport Commission. Using a cross-sectional study design 80 participants were recruited as a sample size using the census surveys. The findings show that there are gaps in HRM practices regardless of HR manager’s high level of education in their respective job fields. On this ground, it has been concluded that Dire Dawa Administration Youth & Sport Commission managers and supervisors need additional HR-related skills and knowledge to carry out HRM functions and therefore, an organized effort from the organization and other concerned bodies is of paramount importance to address this lack of HR management capacity. Based on the findings of this study, recruitment, performance appraisal, training and development, and compensation were the main variables that attract, motivate and retain employees in organizations. Therefore, Dire Dawa Administration Youth & Sport Commission should work toward improving the HRM practices to achieve the goal of the organization.
Financial Sources Budget Distribution Utilizations and Practices of Ethiopian World Taekwondo Federation
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-06-02) Hurgessa, Adisu; Kiflu, Alemmebrat (PhD)
The purpose of this study was to investigate on the financial sources, budget distribution, utilizations and practices of Ethiopian World Taekwondo federation /EWTF/. The research was conducted with the general objectives of examining the financial sources, budget distribution, utilizations and practices Therefore, in order to conduct the necessary study; the researcher has purposively used mixed research approach which includes both qualitative and quantitative. The researcher used 36 questionnaires paper with 30 questions to fill the closed and open ended questions. And five purposively selected staffs from the federation were interviewed for the purpose of collecting the necessary data. The data collected from the respondents were analyzed using SPSS 22 using the frequency and SD indicates that the annual plan. The findings of the study indicated the federation has good experiences and relations with the departments and regional federations however it has limitations due to shortage of budget and less sources of income generations. Thus it is recommended that in order to advance budget management process the management of the EWTF should make itself ready to prepare annual plan and budget depending on scientific ways and make proper assessment of extra concentration on one group of programs.
The Effect of Administration Efficiency on Sport Success in North Shoa Zone
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-07-16) Eshetu, Biskut; Bizuneh, Sahilemichael (PhD)
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of administration efficiency on sport success in North Shoa zone of Oromia Regional State. Hence, a cross-sectional descriptive survey design of mixed-approach was employed in which 6 administrators, 25 experts and 125 athletes were selected separately using purposive, availability and simple random sampling technique. Structured questionnaire and interview are the data collecting tools used to gather the desired data respectively from primary and secondary sources. The resulting data was accordingly analyzed using both the quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative data from the questionnaire was analyzed by SPSS through computations of descriptive statements such as frequency, percentage and mean. The qualitative data from the interview was analyzed through categorical coding and content analysis. As a result, it was found that the diagnosed administrative inefficiency, poor sport organization activities, and shortage of miscellanies resources are hindering sport success. It is therefore suggested that the sports administrators should be effective and efficient with great qualities of high commitment, experience, profession, availability and competence as well as departmentalized and defined tasks in the way that promotes sport success.
The Relationship Between Coaches Leadership Styles and Players Performance Outcome and Satisfaction in Sellected Ethiopian Men Premier League Clubs
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-06-16) Tilahun, Kaftamu; Wolde, Bezabih (PhD)
The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between coaches’ leadership styles and players’ performance outcome and satisfaction. For the implementation of the study, a cross- sectional survey research design was employed. The study subjects were selected from the availability samples. Two sample Ethiopian premier league participant clubs were selected, from thirteen clubs (sebete kenema football club and Hadiya Hosaina football club) premier league clubs using convenience sampling technique. Thus, the subjects in the study were 50 football players and eight coaches’ participated from the two clubs. In this study both Quantitative and descriptive survey method was employed. Questionnaire was dominantly used as data collection instrument; unstructured interview also used in this process. In this attempt, data collected through questionnaire were analyzed by using SPSS (statistical package for social science) descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, whereas the data collected through interview were analyzed through descriptive statement. The findings of the study indicated that, the characteristics of effective leadership styles with in the football clubs structure for developing a successful team. In this study, the researcher found that players, who perceived their coaches as being more compatible, evaluated the coaches' communication ability and player-support levels more favorably. Conversely, if athletes disagreed with the coachers’ goals, personality, and/or beliefs, some of the psychological needs of the players were not met. At the end some recommendations were made for observed challenges or problems of the coaches’ leadership style. Coaches often switch instinctively between styles, according to the players behavior and the task that needs to be done. Coaches look in to a training /an Instruction/ and positive feedback should be advisable coaching behavior.
Performance Differences in Cross-Country Champioships before and After Covid-19 Intervention: Comparing the 37th And 38th Jan-Meda International Cross-Country Champioships
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-06-05) Assefa, Birhanu; Bekele, Zeru (PhD)
Since the COVID-19 was declared as a world Pandemic different local and international sport competitions have significantly been affected. The purpose of this study was to identify the performance differences between athletes who involved in 2020 (37th) and 2021( 38th) Jan-Meda International Cross Country Championship. In this study a descriptive - comparative research design was applied. The cross country results of 320 individual athletes who ranked in the top 40 during the 37th (2020) and 38th (2021) Jan-Meda International cross-country championship were used for data analysis. Of these athletes 160 were male and the rest 160 were male athletes. Convenience sampling technique was the sampling technique used to select the top 40 finishers. Telephone interview and document analysis were the two major data collection instruments. Based on the independent sample t-test results there was significant performance difference between the top 40 female athletes who participated in the 6km (p<0.005) and 10km (p<0.005) Jan-Meda International cross-country championships which were held during the 2020 (37th) and 2021(38th) competition calendar. Similarly, significant running performance differences were identified both in the male 8km (p<0.005) and 10km (p<0.005) races which were held in 2020 and 2021 championships. Although different and inconsistent inter-athlete deviations were reported in the majority of the races and rank categories athletes who participated in the 2021 championship showed better performance in all events and race categories.
Assessing Anthropometric, Body Composition and Total Body Water Content of Ethiopian Female Middle and Long-Distance Olympic Athletes: a Study on the Status of the Athletes During the Pre-Competition Phase of Tokyo 2020
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-06-05) Belay, Tewobsta; Bekele, Zeru (PhD)
This cross-sectional study has aimed to assess differences in general body assessment between female middle and long-distance runners. Age, height, weight, body fat, bone mass, muscle mass, and total body water of participants were assessed. Age of the participants ranges from 18 to 28 years (M = 21.87, SD = 2.45). Mean height and weight for MD runners was 164.73cm (SD = 4.65) and 49.81kg (SD = 2.4), and mean height and weight for LD runners was 161.4cm (SD = 5.37) and 47.28 kg (SD = 4.55) respectively. Mean of age, height, weight, and BMI are low compared to the last two Olympic female athletes mean. MD runners had higher (mean ± SD) in BMI, BF% ,BM, MM (18.37 ±0 .83, 15.83 ± 4.08, 2.14 ± 0.14,39.77 ± 2.63) and LD runners (18.1 ± 1.07, 14.1 ± 2.74, 2.07 ± 0.17, 38.47 ± 3.08 ) respectively. Conversely, MD runners had lower (mean ± SD) (59.58 ± 2.75) in TBW Than LD runners (60.44 ± 1.57 ).There were no statistically significant differences between MD and LD athletes in the tested variables. Relationships between height and muscle mass; height and bone mass; BMI and muscle mass; muscle mass and bone mass; weight and bone mass; bone mass and BMI were found to be a high positive correlation (r = 0.667, r = 0.608, r = 0.465, r = 0.982, r =0.851,r=0.535, p < 0.001). Conversely, the relationship between TBW and body fat was found to be a high negative correlation (r =-0.908, p < 0.001).
Factors Affecting the Performance of Long Distance Track Athletes in Case of Second Division Athletics Clubs at Addis Ababa Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-06-30) Nigus, Gidey; Mebrat, Alem (PhD)
Identifying factors that affect track athletes Performance is crucial. The purpose of the study was to examine factors that affect the performance of long distance track athletes: with specific reference to second division athletics club at Addis Ababa. The research design was descriptive survey and research method was both qualitative and quantitative approaches of organizing and analyzing the data supported by mean, percentage, and tables. In this study athlete, coaches and club officials were participated and the total population was 240 athletes, 17club officials and 20 coaches from 17 clubs. In this research 150 athletes, 20 coaches, and 17 club officials were selected using census and cluster sampling technique. The researcher used both primary and secondary sources of data to accomplish this study. Data gathering tools were questionnaire, interview and observation. The data were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively and it were analyzed in SPSS software version 20.0 (mean and standard division). The major findings obtained from these study indicated that, lack of training kits, facilities and equipment, coaches did not applied properly science of sport training principles, and athletes not got enough diets in addition to these long distance track athletes training needs enough rest after training session. It was feasible to deduce from this study that there are numerous issues that affect the performance of long track athletes. According to the findings, the club should address issues such as making the training environment more pleasant, preparing menus, and providing transportation for track workouts.
Assessing the Strategic Plan of Ethiopian Football Federation
(Addis Ababa University, 2020-12-12) Abebe, Henok; Asgedom, Tesfaye (PhD)
The Ethiopian football federation is responsible body for all regulatory football processes and professional leagues in Ethiopia including the Ethiopian premier league, Ethiopian higher league, Ethiopian first league and the Ethiopian women’s premier league along with the second tier of the women’s professional football league. To run all activities of the federation it has the strategic plan.Strategic plan for sport federations show the direction where we are and where we want to be, without strategic plan we cannot able to achieve the objectives and goals of the sport federations. The main purpose of the study was to assessing the strategic plan of Ethiopian football federation. Total populations of the study were 84 but the researcher was select 54 employees of Ethiopian football federation as a sample by using comprehensive sampling technique.The data collection instruments were: questionnaire, interview, and document analysis. Based on the result the researcher forwarded the following findings: - The strategic plan of Ethiopian football federation is formed by different expertise who have enough awareness about strategic plan formation and it is approved by general assembly members of the federation, the Ethiopian football federation is applying standard procedures on its strategic plan formation process, and he major barriers on Ethiopian football federation strategic plan are employees’ resistance to change, lack of financial resource, weak performance management system political influence, political instability, linkage to country’s strategic plan and rapid technology development.And finally, the researcher recommended:- the Ethiopian football federation strategic plan developed by expertise is better to the federation to develop advanced strategic plan, applying standard strategic plan procedures on the federation’s strategic plan is help the federation to show the direction where are now and where want to be the future and lastly the governed body must find a solutions for major challenges of the federation’s strategic plan.
The Existing Organizational Structure and Managerial Challenges of Ethiopia Male Premier League: in Selected Football Clubs
(Addis Ababa University, 2020-12-12) Alemnew, Betelhem; Kiflu, Alemmebrat (PhD)
The purpose of this study was to assess the existing structure and managerial challenges of football clubs. For the implementation of the study, a descriptive survey design was employed. The data were collected through questionnaire, interview and observation checklist. The researcher was employed Taro Yamane formula for sample size determination. By using simple random sampling methods, only four clubs were sampled among sixteen Ethiopia premier league clubs. Thus, the subjects in the study were 20 administrative staff members out of 27 total numbers and from 96 total numbers 70 players randomly selected from the four clubs. Four managers and four coaches were purposively selected. The study indicated that, organizational structure and management system, availability of facility and equipment, back ground and working experience of manager, educational levels of the administrative staff members of the club are major challenges in Ethiopia male premier league football clubs. These were the most challenges that faced to managerial system to apply the best suited club management style to enhance the clubs performance. There is a Lack of and a Need for FIFA standard club structure and management system and services in the football clubs, There is a Lack of and Need good and standardized facility and equipment management system in the football clubs, There is a Lack of and a Need good marketing and financial control system in the football clubs. To overcome these problems, the following recommendations have been forwarded: all football clubs management staff, coach and players works cooperatively in order to solve the club management challenges, I recommend for that club management staffs let’s give high priority to solve lack of modern club structure, and management problems of the club, in addition to this the club management should try to give attention for the club structure standardization, facility and equipment managing system of the football club. Finally each club tries to employ skilled and experienced managers.
The Cause of Injuries and its Impacts Short Distance Athletes Training: in the Case Selected first Division in Athletic Clubs Addis Ababa
(Addis Ababa University, 2020-12-12) Ayalew, Wondewosen
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the cause of short distance athletic injuries and impacts on their training in the case of four first division Addis Ababa athletic clubs in the year 2020. Mixed method research design was employed and data were collected from 69 (42 male and 27 female) short distance athletic runners and 8 coaches selected via simple random sampling and purposive sampling respectively. Cause of Short Distance Athletes Injure and Impacts in their Training Questionnaires (CSDAI & ITQ), interview and observation guides were used as data collection tools in order to triangulate the data. Descriptive statistics, such as frequency counts and percentage values were used to analyze the quantitative data. extrinsic risk factor injuries like frequency, intensity, duration, stretching, shoes, running surface, running technique, or theses, warming up, and cooling down. Acute injuries can be i.e. bone, cartilage, ligament, muscle, bursa, tendon, joint, nerve or skin and the type of injury i.e. fracture, dislocation, sprain or strain. Therefore, most running injuries were the result of training errors, meaning training is too fast and too soon. The results also showed statistically significant problem in shortage of standardized training area, convenient running track, training inputs and environmental hazards that invites them for different kind of injuries. There was also observed inadequate knowledge and skill in the coaches about the occurrence of sport injuries and in treating sport injuries. Strain and hamstring became the most frequently occurred kind of injury and body part injuries facing during training sessions respectively. The qualitative analysis also yielded the perceived causes of short distance athletic injuries and impacts on their training were shortage of equipment and facilities, limitation of standardized training place, event specific knowledge of the coaches and environmental hazards on short distance running. Therefore, the researcher put the following possible recommendations to those athletic clubs to improve the training methods, access to proper facilities and equipment and to build the knowledge of coaches in order to give appropriate treatment and prevention of the causes of injuries.
Challenges of Financial Management System in Some Selected Ethiopian Primer League Football Clubs
(Addis Ababa University, 2020-06-06) Belay, Habtamu; Asgedom, Tesfaye (PhD)
Today football is more than a Game. It enables a country to develop economic social relationship, politically and an instrument to build national images. The purpose of this thesis was to study Challenges of financial management system in some selected Ethiopian primer league Football clubs (Adama city FC, Ethiopia Coffee SC, Hawassa Kenema SC, Saint George SC and Sebeta City FC.). The sample of this study consists of head and vice officials/ administrators from each respective club, namely: the 6 Treasurer or Financial Controller, 6 Chairman or Club Manager and 6 Marketing Representative from each clubs of all five selected Ethiopian primer league Football clubs. The researcher used purposive sampling techniques. To conduct this research both quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed. The result of the study indicates that there were some challenges that hindered the effectiveness of financial management system in the selected Ethiopian primer league Football clubs; the major challenges of financial management system were lack of enough sponsorship, imbalance of revenue and avenue, deficiency of working capital, the inconsistency of cash flow, the difficulty of possessing own money and poor market system of players’ transfer, and this study recommends To build the capacity of clubs, the government should involve itself strategically, it should help them to be independent and profit-making entities, that will ensure the growth and sustainability of the industry.
Assessing Factors Affecting the Performance of Short Distance Runners in the Case of Four First Division Athletics Clubs in Addis Ababa City Administration
(Addis Ababa University, 2020-06-06) Belay, Agumas; Bezuneh, Sahlemichael (PhD)
The purpose of the paper is to assess factors affecting the performance of short distance runners. This study concentrated on four functional athletics clubs in Addis Ababa city administration in the training year 2012. The researcher mainly used to present and analyze the study quantitatively by the methods of descriptive survey. The participants of this study were 69 short distance athletes, selected by cluster sampling method and census sampling techniques to select coaches’ and also club managers. As a method of data gathering tools questionnaires, interviews and observation were used. The data obtained through these techniques were analyzed and presented by using descriptive statistics of frequency counts and percentages to identify the major findings. The result of the study, therefore, described that the major constraints associated with short distance athletes/runners as factors affect during training and competition times( lack of effective & individualized training(routine/monotonous types of training, doing training for a long time /inappropriate training and no future improvement methods), Unscientific/norm athlete selection, absences of coach assistance, lack of use scientific methods, less technical training in a week, less athlete and coach rations, less incentive, lack of giving attention to the discipline, presence of psychological barriers)).regarding to nutrition ( lack of sufficient and balanced diet before and after training) and concerning to coach performance (lack of knowledgeable coaches who are filled and giving training by identifying gaps or limitations, and week coach and athletes relationships, lack of well-prepared gym trainer concerning to athletics specific training) and also as regarding training facility ( lack of their own gymnasium and lack of basic facility or scarcity of sports facilities and equipment supplies) were found to be the major factors taken.

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