Browsing by Author "Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)"
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Item An Assessment of Staff Perception on Leader’s Leadership Style and Effectiveness at United Nations Economic Commission for Africa(Addis Ababa University, 2018-07) Tessema, Tsigereda; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)This research was conducted mainly to assess the dominant leadership style of UNECA. On top of this, the research also aimed to assess the perception differences between the leaders and the subordinate about the leadership styles as well as the leadership outcomes of effectiveness by the leader’s self-evaluation and subordinate evaluation. The study used descriptive survey design. Data were gathered from 231 respondents out of 260 sample from the population 771 employee which was selected by using proportionate stratified random sampling techniques. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5x) was the instrument used for the data analysis. SPSS used for the data analysis, descriptive statistical indexes like frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and descriptive inferential statistics t-test used. The findings further revealed that the dominant leadership style of UNECA was Transactional Leadership style followed by passive avoidant Leadership style than transformational Leadership style. The research also showed that there was a perception difference on the leadership style of the leaders and in overall leadership outcomes of effectiveness. The effectiveness of leadership outcomes was low. Based on the result of this research, it was recommended that leaders at UNECA should adopt transformational leadership style. following transformational leadership style leads to minimize the perception gap of leadership styles of leaders and also it leads to get organizational effectiveness in to high.Item Barriers to Women’s Participation in School Leadership in Gambella Regional State: The Case of Secondary Schools in Gambella Town(Addis Ababa University, 2018-10) Kuey, Nyamat; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)This research explores barriers to women’s participation in school leadership in Gambella town. The researcher employed both qualitative and quantitative approaches with single case studies design. For the purpose of this research, female teachers had been considered as unit of analysis. Moreover, purposive sampling and simple random sampling were used in collected data. Data were collected from teachers, directors, experts and other key informants. In-depth interview and focus group discussion were conducted. Moreover, questionnaires were distributed to respondents. Three secondary schools were selected for study. In the selected three secondary schools, 42 respondents were selected as sample through Yamane (1967) formula. Qualitative data were analyzed through thematic analysis while quantitative data were analyzed through SPSS. The study revealed that lack of education contributed to women low participation in school leadership. It further indicated that socio-cultural, socio-economic, women self-efficacy, institutional barriers and the criteria used by the authority in selecting women to leadership positions are among the barriers that led women to have low participation in school leadership in Gambella town. It was also recommended that national initiative is needed to raise awareness on girls-child education. There is need to consider external forces that affect female teachers apart from office work. Women need to be economically empowered. There is need for civic education to strengthening women’ self-efficacy. Affirmative action is needed for female teachers in secondary schools. Further researches need to be conducted on female related issues. Keywords: women leadership, school leadership, Gambella town, barriers to leadershipItem Challengesand Achivements of Business Process Reengineering (BPR) Implementation in Education Offices of West Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State(Addis Ababa University, 2014-09) Negeri, Bayisa; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)The objective of the study was to assess the challenges and achievements of business process reengineering (BPR) implementation in Education Offices of West Showa Zone. The assessment attempted to examine the extent of business process reengineering implementation. To attain these objectives, a descriptive survey design was used. Leaders, Process owners and job performers at Woreda Education Offices and Zone Education Office were the major source of data in the study. Total 88 persons were contacted for the study, i.e. 67Job performers and 7 Leaders from Woreda Education Offices, 9 Job performers, 5 Process owners and 1 Leader from Zone Education Office. The data gathering instruments include questionnaires, interviews and document analysis. All the close-ended questions of the questionnaires were analyzed quantitatively using frequency count, percentages, average mean, standard deviation and t-test. Besides, the data obtained from open-ended questions and interviews were transcribed to supplement the quantitative data. The study revealed that the communication made in the process of BPR implementation of the Education Offices was poor. On top of this, follow up and monitoring was getting looser and job evaluation system was not clear and fixed. Furthermore, the study found out that problem related to value and beliefs, in effective process redesign, lack of resource and IT problems were the major challenges encountered in the implementation of BPR in the Educational Offices. Therefore, it was concluded that unless proper full scale implementation, monitoring and evaluation were conducted and appropriate measures and strategies were timely taken and put in place, the challenges occurred during implementation impede the system’s transformation efforts underway in the education offices. Finally, recommendations were made based on the results of the study.Item Conflict and Its Management Styles: Teachers, Students and Principals Perceptions, the Case of Kolfe Keranyo Sub-City Government Secondary Schools of Addis Ababa(Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Tuji, Berhanu; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)The purpose of this study was to investigate conflict and its management styles: Teachers, students and principals perceptions, the case of Kolfe Keranyo Sub-City Government Secondary Schools of Addis Ababa. The study attempted to identify the major sources of conflict, perceptions of conflict, frequently used CMS. In order to attain the objective of the study, a descriptive survey design was materialized. Data were gathered from 240 respondents (i.e. 58 teachers, 144 students and 30 administrative staff).Questionnaires and interview were the instruments used for data collection. The data gathered were analyzed using various statistical tools such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, One-way ANOVA and Post Hoc test. The computed data affirmed that disciplinary problems ranked as the first major source of conflict in the schools. Age-similarity among teachers, students and administrative workers including principals, and sexual harassment were rated as the second & third conflict generating factors in the study area. Apart from this, the collected data through open-ended question and interview asserted that principal(s) were not effective in handling disputes. The finding of the study further showed that majority of the respondents’ perceive conflict as bad, negative and destructive that must be avoided rather than managing conflict for benefit. Compromising was the first frequently used conflict management style in the schools under study. The second most prevalent style was avoiding followed by accommodating, collaborating and dominating consecutively. The ANOVA as well as the Post Hoc multiple comparisons test asserted that there was a statistically significant difference in the use of accommodating, compromising and collaborating styles among the three groups. Above all, the study unveiled that the importance of contextual and/or indigenous conflict management mechanisms such as social committee, 'sheemagilies', group-networking, etc. in alleviating conflicts were to some extent put into practice in the schools. As a concluding remark, since school culture is dynamic which is built by people with different family backgrounds, learning experiences and seeing & managing things from their point of view regardless of others, members of school community should accept the inevitability of conflict that could not be avoided at all. Despite these loopholes, principals encountered with frequent disputes and handled it according to their personal feelings and skills. Therefore, it is recommended that seminars, discussions, and symposia should be organized for members of school community on communication aspects, diversity management and conflict resolution strategies by Woreda Education Office, Sub-City Education Office and Addis Ababa Education BureauItem Organiza Tional Culture and Academic Staff Job Satisfaction At St. Mary's Universitycollege(Addis Ababa University, 2011-04) Beyene, Henock; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)The main purpose of this study was to examine and gain a better appreciation of the relationships between the paltern of organizational culture and employees ' job satisfaction among academic staffs in a private higher educational institution context. A census of all academic staffs, who were working in the 2010-2011 academic year, were taken for the study from the study organization- St. Mary's University College. Data regarding organizational culture and job satisfaction was collected using the OCAl (Cameron & Quinn, 1999), and Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (Weiss, Davis, England & Lofquist, 1967), respectively. The Data was then analyzed by using the latest version of statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) software. Two types of statistics, namely descriptive and inferential statistic was employed. While the research was expected to leverage on such descriptive statistical tools as pequency, mean, percentile and standard deviation, it also applied inferential statistics through anova, spearman rho correlations and ordinal regreSSion model analysis. The findings of the present study revealed SMUC tended to emphasize hierarchy culture. The results of this study also suggest that the hieraichy culture has a negative significant influence on overall teacher's job satisfaction and satisfaction with intrinsic, extrinsic and general satisfaction facets. Thus, since hierarchy culture negatively affects morale of instructors, it is then recommended that the university college should diagnose and change its organizational culture as it is desired by its staff The desired culture type in most universities is clan culture which is characterized by people-orientation, encouragement, equitability, trust, and allowing of greater academic peedom. Underpinned by a model adapted to the research purpose, the study complemented not only to the existing knowledge in the area, but it also contributed to the fact that there was no research made in nonwestern countries like Ethiopia over this interesting and potentially rich area.Item Perceptions ofTeachers’ Towards Teachers’ Performance Appraisal System In Secondary Schools of Halaba Special Woreda(Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Aymelo, Kedir; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)The ultimate purpose of the study was to assess the practice of current teachers’ performance appraisal system by making use of survey conducted at government secondary schools located in Halaba special Woreda, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region. All the seven government secondary schools were selected for the study by using census sampling technique. The population of the research comprises teachers, vice directors, directors and supervisors of government secondary schools in Halaba special Woreda. The researcher used a sample size of one hundred and ten teachers out of the possible two hundred and ten and nine school leaders out of the nineteen at government secondary schools of Halaba special Woreda. The respondents were selected for the study by using stratified sampling technique for teachers and purposive sampling technique for school directors. Open and close ended questions, structured interview and document review were used to collect data. The data gathered through questionnaires were analyzed using percentages, mean, standard deviation, weighted mean, independent sample t-test, One Way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test. The data gathered from open ended questions and documents review were analyzed logically. Based on the analysis the study revealed that teachers were not happy with overall PA practice in their schools. Moreover, there were no many of the vital elements that are needed in an effective performance appraisal. Thus, this needs a serious attention and there should be some work to be done in improving the system and making it more successful and rewarding. The study recommends that teachers be involved in designing the rating and measurement scales to ensure development of reliable, valid, fair and useful performance standards. The study also recommends regular training of appraisers on performance appraisal as well as redesigning of the appraisal tool for effectiveness in measuring different dimensions of performance. Keywords: Performance appraisal, performance management, teachers’ appraisalItem Practice and challenges of Organizational Capacity Development at Hope University College(Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Gorfu, Asnake; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)The purpose of this study was to assess the practice and challenges of Organizational Capacity Development at Hope University College. In order to achieve this, descriptive survey method was applied, because this method can describes the current situation of the UC more clearly and precisely than other survey methods. OCD helps organizations as a tool to perform their vision and mission .HUC was one of HEIs working in developing educational system of the country and training young generation to be productive citizen. In order to win the desired strategies and to be competent in the market the college planned to reorganize its working system alongthe principles of Organizational Capacity Development.OCD used as a development instruments to enhance the activities of the college to provide quality education. This research was designed to investigate what practices and challenges were faced the organization during the implementation of capacity development as a means of development. The researcher organized basic question in order to see the practices and the challenges. These basic research questions were, what are the current organizational practices of organizational capacity in Hope University College?,what are the challenges for enhancing the effectiveness of organizational capacity development at Hope University College?, how Hope University College manage performance assessment and evaluation in order to identify progress and the challenges during past strategic plans? Andwhat are the prospective strategies for enhancing the effectiveness of the Organizational Capacity Development in the Hope University College?. Thirty Eight respondents were selected from 79 employees using purposive sampling technique. As concerning data source both primary and secondary sources were implemented, the primary data collected using semi-structured interview and secondary data were gathered through document analysis. Based on the data from the respondents the UC has strong practices related leadership,developmentof infrastructures,management,human resource management, internal and external relationship meanwhile the result of the research indicates that there are gap related to resource of finance and finance management, participation of employees on managerial activities and training and development. Based on final result of the researchthe researcher concluded thatlack of human resource management experience, absence of training and development,disorganized management of resource, low participation of employees at managerial activities, absence of networking relationship with other private educational institutions, increasing of turnoverand unorganized performance evaluation were basic gaps identified by the study.And finally the researcher recommend the following organizing strong human resource management, recruiting energetic staffs, participation of staffs in managerial activities should be increase, internal fund resource should be assessed, both physical and technical infrastructure should be organized in order maintain for further organizational capacity development.Item Practice of Implementing Gender Mainstreaming in Human Resources Management: the case of CARE Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Lemma, Endalkachew; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)This study assessed the Practice and Challenges of Implementing Gender Mainstreaming in CARE Ethiopia, investigating the major factors which resulted for the significant gender imbalance between male and female staffs while the organization has been known by ‘gender activist’. The study used a qualitative research method that could help to make extensive review on the research problem and as a result to come-up with the real causes of the organization’s gender gap. To gather the necessary data, the study employed interview, document review and observation. Twenty five respondents were purposely selected as informants of the research; among these respondents four key respondents were selected for in depth interview and others were reflected their responses for open ended questions. The respondent selection was made from the top, middle and lower levels of the organization structure eventually helps to triangulate the informants’ reflection. CARE Ethiopia is a humanitarian organization mainly working on poverty alleviation and nations’ development at large. In its development strategy, gender mainstreaming is one of the major development agenda and it remains the organization as an activist since its operation started in Ethiopia in 1984. Nevertheless, after all these years, the percentage of female staffs is only 20%. This percentage makes CARE Ethiopia country office the least from the East and Central Africa CARE Country Offices and also with most of the humanitarian organization working in Ethiopia. The organization has professional gender advisors in most of the organization intervention programs; the Advisors are fully engaged in the organization’s gender mainstreaming programs which are related to the community where the program implemented rather than the internal gender mainstreaming objective. Most importantly, the human resource management policy has a big role to the organization mainstreaming strategy; however, the recruitment and administration policy found inadequate to strengthen the gender mainstreaming policy. Hence, unless the organization revise the gender mainstreaming strategy, recruitments policy and the role of the Gender Advisor, it would be difficult to curb the current gender imbalance ration in the organizationItem Practices and Challenges of Financial Resource Management in Government Secondary Schools of Adama City Administration(Addis Ababa University, 2018-01) Tesfaye, Getahun; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)The purpose of this study was to investigate practices of school financial resource management in government secondary schools of Adama City Administration. For this study descriptive survey research design was used. The study was conducted purposively in three selected government secondary schools since the other four secondary schools were started their operation in the last two to three years. Methods of research utilized in study were mixed of qualitative and quantitative approach. The participants of the study were 139 respondents and census method was utilized to collect data from the population. A total of 135 questionnaires were disseminated to respondents (Principals, Vice principals, KETB members, PTA members, Departments, Accountants and other finance workers). Out of these 126 (93.33%) were correctly filled. In addition to this, qualitative data were gathered from seven respondents via structured interview; and a secondary source was collected from official documents related to the study. Then the data was tabulated, organized and analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentage, mean and standard deviation. In addition, t-test and P-Value was used to analyze the presences of significant differences between responses of management organs and departments group. Furthermore, interview and open-ended items of the questionnaire were analyzed qualitatively using narrative form. Accordingly, the findings of the study revealed that low degree of participations of KETB on budget preparation, in sufficiency block grant annual budget, underutilization of specially RBA budget, absence of reporting internal income and student parent contribution were identified. Among the majors challenges to finance managements of the school understudy; problem of not using computerized accounting system, absence of well-organized finance record keeping system, absence of internal auditing system, lack of adequate skilled accountants, purchasing delay and purchasing out of school demand and quality problems of material purchased, and absence of human resource on certain job title were identified as severer factors. Thus, it can be concluded that Absence of participation private investor, NGO and community other than parent of student in financing school, absence of training leads to weak management of educational financial resources, not submission of financial utilization report leads schools to improper utilization of budget and mismanagement schools financial resource, Weak controlling system of budget utilization and finance recording system, skill gap on budget plan and utilization and lack of internal controlling and monitoring financial resource system.. Finally, to improve the situation, it was recommended that participating private investor, NGO and community other than parent of student in financing schools, giving orientation for KETB members on their responsibility, filling perception difference gaps through creating awareness and transparency, offering training, developing, controlling and monitoring system via reporting and having internal auditor, giving Technical support via supervision, using computerized accounting system and full filling human resource gaps of the school, decentralizing the black grant budget and conducting further research were forwarded. Key words: Financial management, Practices, Challenges, Government secondary school, financial utilizationItem Practices and Challenges of Leadership in Private Kindergartens in Bole Subcity(Addis Ababa University, 2014-05) Degefu, Hiwot; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)This study aimed at assessing the Practices and Challenges of Leadership in the Private Kindergartens of Bole Sub City, in Addis Ababa. The research problem examined how kindergarten principals enact and experience their leadership, the leadership styles employed, the way they held their position, the challenges they encounter and the assistance they get from education offices. To this end, a descriptive survey design was used and the research employed various data collection tools and processed primary and secondary data sources using qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques. Nine kindergartens were randomly selected using multi stage sampling technique and all the teachers (one hundred twenty), principals (nine principals) responded to the questionnaires. In depth semi structured interview were conducted with kindergarten principals, 4 cluster supervisors and 1 early childhood expert at the Woreda and Sub city level respectively. The key findings were: kindergarten principals’ used facilitative leadership style though unintentionally. They were not adequately trained in the area of leadership and early childhood education. Most principals’ held their position by promotion from the teaching profession. Thus, they feel incompetent and lack confidence. The principals have faced many challenges related with insufficient school resources, diverse early childhood staff combinations, lack of training in their context and leadership and miscommunication between management teams. The cluster supervisors and early childhood experts were not trained in early childhood education or leadership; they were also tightly scheduled to supervise first and foremost primary and secondary schools. The research concluded, kindergarten principals were not independent leaders. They have no power in decision making. Their leadership skill was found to be very poor. It can be said below the international standards. Consequently, the following recommendations were forwarded. Kindergartens principals’ personal effort and enthusiasm for leadership should be accompanied with strong encouragement and continuous support primarily by their own school management. Sufficient in-service training or workshops should be provided by the city administration offices for principals, head of schools, cluster supervisors and early childhood experts. The education offices need to assign early childhood education and managements trained supervisors. The Ministry of Education should open early childhood education and management field of study and short term training programs at the universities and colleges. Key Words- early childhood education, preschool, kindergartens, early yearsItem The Relationship between Leadership Behavior and Effectiveness in Selected Private Ecce of Yeka Sub City, Addia Ababa(Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Mulugeta, Hana; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)The main purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between leadership behavior of principals and school effectiveness in private kindergarten schools of yeka sub city Addis Ababa. The research design that was used in this study is concurrent mixed design. A total 0f 114 respondents were in the study that included 80 teachers, 20 principals, 4 werda level ECCE experts, 1 sub city supervisor and 9 PTA members from the 20 schools. The samples were selected by cluster random sampling and purposive sampling. Data gathering instruments include questionnaires, Interview, document analysis and observation checklist. The data obtained was analyzed by using percentage, independent sample t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis. The results showed that the leadership behavior of principals in the kindergarten schools were dominated by directive leadership behavior and achievement oriented leadership behavior. The finding unveiled that most of the private kindergarten schools had average school effectiveness .Interview results also showed that the schools had shortage of indoor and outdoor materials, low parental and community participation and training for teachers and principals .The finding confirmed the importance of using age appropriate curriculum that is supported by objects to learn and the strong explicit focus that should be given for play and enjoyment. The results also showed that there was positive and significant relationship between directive, supportive and participative leadership behaviors with school effectiveness while achievement oriented leadership behavior had positive but non-significant relationship. The regression analysis further showed that directive and participative leadership behaviors were good predictors of school effectiveness than supportive leadership. As a result, it was concluded that leaders who frequently employ directive and participative leadership could improve school effectiveness So, it is recommended to bring possible improvements on teachers and principals training programs and consistency in how inspections are conducted to ensure all Regulations and standards are being adhered. It is also recommended that Awareness creation program to the communities and parents given by schools and the use of directive and participative leadership by the school principals of kindergarten schools would help to improve and achieve a significant level of school effectiveness.Item The Relationship Between Organizational Culture and Teachers’ Job Satisfaction of Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahido Church Schools in Addis Ababa(Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Admassie, Mulugeta; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)Ethiopia orthodox Tewahido church, in Addition to religious mission, participates in multidimensional developmental Activities. The church is currently involved in rendering education. The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between the pattern of organizational culture and teachers’ job satisfaction among employees in EOTC School. A sample of all teachers, who were working in the 2015-2016 academic year in EOTC school were taken for the study from the study school. Data regarding organizational culture and job satisfaction was collected using the OCAI (Cameron & Quinn, 2011), and JSS (Spectors, 1997) respectively. The data was then analyzed by using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) software, version 20. Two types of statistics, namely, descriptive and inferential statistics were employed. While the research was expected to leverage on such descriptive statistical tools as frequency, mean, percentile and standard division. The findings of the present study revealed that EOTC school tended to emphasize Clan culture (CC), being the dominant school culture which is characterized like an extended family, loyalty that have shares, values and goals and it focuses on mentoring, nurturing and doing things together. The results of this study also suggest that the CC has a very strong and positive significant influence on overall teacher’s job satisfaction and satisfaction with payment, opportunity for promotion, supervision, work itself and co-workers. The result of the study suggested that to shift to Adhocracy culture (AC), characterized by teachers to be innovative, creative and entrepreneurialItem The Relationship between School Leadership Style and Teacher Motivation in Government Secondary Schools of Addis Ababa(Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Shiferaw, Asrat; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between leadership styles and Teachers’ motivation in government high school of Addis Ababa City. In order to investigate the principal leadership style and teachers’ motivation, descriptive survey design was employed. This is because it enables the researcher to collect and describe large variety of data related designs .The study used descriptive survey method by incorporating both quantitative and qualitative data.. This study used 132 respondents randomly selected using lottery method from teachers (517) at selected secondary schools of Addis Ababa. Semi-structured interview was used to gather in-depth qualitative data from principals of the schools. Because interview has greatest potential to release more in-depth information, provide opportunity to observe non-verbal behaviour of respondents, gives opportunities for clearing up misunderstandings. The data obtained through questionnaire, which were liable to quantitative analysis were coded and entered into SPSS version 21 and analyzed using simple descriptive statistics frequency count, percentages and means followed by discussion of the most important points. For nominal or ordinal variables, a frequency count for each value is very descriptive and the mean is appropriate for describing interval or ratio data. Qualitative data gathered through interviews were analyzed qualitatively through descriptive narration .Transactional leadership style most frequently used by principals, transformational leadership practice moderately whereas laissez-faire leadership was not practiced. School principals should undergo in-service and refresher courses on school leadership and management to manage and lead teachers in scientific way, because most of the school principals are from non-leadership academic staff. Prescribed leadership training should be conducted for principals by region, sub cities and Woreda education expertise. Key words: Leadership, Motivation, School PrincipalsItem The Roles and Practices of School Principals As Instructional Leaders in Government Secondary Schools of Assosa Zone in Benishangu Gumuz Regional State(Addis Ababa University, 2017-09) Teshome, Abebe; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)The purpose of this study was to assess the roles and practices of school principals as instructional leaders in government secondary schools of Assosa Zone of Benishangul Gumuz regional state. A descriptive survey design was employed in this study. The size of sample taken was 92 teachers, 10 principals, 20 Members of PTA and 6 school cluster supervisors were included in the study making a total sample size of 128 by using simple random for teachers and availability sampling techniques for principals. Questionnaires, semi structured interview and documents were used to collect data. 102 questionnaires were properly filled and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques: frequencies, percentages, one sample ttest and independent sample t-test. In addition to this, the data gathered through open ended questionnaire, semi-structured interview and documents were analyzed qualitatively. With regards to the result, one sample t-test showed that school principals were not effective in encouraging and motivating staff, creating conducive environment for teaching learning process, promoting professional development, observing and evaluating classroom instruction. Contrary to these, school principals were effective in monitoring students’ progress, group development and school curriculum implementation, evaluation and improvement. Moreover, Independent ttest results showed that significant mean differences were not found between teachers’ and principals’ in implementing instructional leadership roles. Both the quantitative and qualitative results indicated although school principals were effective in implementing some of their instructional leadership roles still they have faced serious problems to implement all of their roles. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that although school principals were qualified they were not able to fully exercise their instructional leadership roles to improve the performance of their schools. To alleviate the problem of the implementation of instructional leadership, the selection and assignment of school principals should be based on the criteria set by Ministry of education. In addition, it is recommended that educational leadership and management training should be given for school principals to improve their instructional leadership capacities. Moreover, it needs to provide training professional development training, delegate responsibility and supply adequate resources to implement it.Item Staff Perception toward Ethical Leadership at the Ministry of National Defense Training Main Department Joint Military Staff College of Mekelle(Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Sahile, Akale; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)The main objective of the study was to assess and show the direction about the practice of ethical leadership in JMSC. The research design applied in the study was a descriptive survey. Data for the study was collected from a total of 181 respondents. The instruments of data collection were questionnaire and interviews. All the data gathered through these instruments were analyzed along with the specific objectives and research questions of the study. The quantitative data were analyzed and interpreted using mean values, standard deviation, frequencies and ANOVA. The qualitative data were analyzed and interpreted across the themes. The findings provided key elements of the practices of ethical leadership expected from the college that showed the future direction. It is widely acknowledged that ethical leadership is at great importance to MHEIs leaders. In vivid way, the perception and attitude of staff towards ethical leadership in JMSC was negative and leaders were not concerned cooperatively with staff. The result of the study generally revealed that the critical need of changing the negative perception and attitudes of staff, create good communication and conducive atmosphere between ethical leadership of JMSC and staff members, maximize the accountability of leaders, and the strivings of ethical leadership to formulate equal opportunities. Eventually, the findings and recommendations of the study is used to create smooth relationship among employees and show future direction. The study advances the mutual relationship between ethical leadership of JMSC and the member staff of the college, progresses and action of honesty and willingness to perform the tasks cooperatively. This research calls for priority to be given to the encouragement and development of ethical leadership. Key Words: Ethical Leadership, Practice.Item Teachers’ Perception of Quality Education in General Secondary Schools in North Shoa Zone of Oromia Regional State(Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Birke, Alemu; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)The purpose of the study was to investigate teachers’ perception of quality education in general secondary schools in North Shoa Zone of Oromia regional state. To carry out the study, a descriptive survey design was used. The sample of the study consisted of 140 teaches ,14 department heads , 7 principals and 14 vice principals drawn from the sampling schools of the zone. Regarding the respondents teaches were selected by using availability sample method, department heads were selected randomly and principals and vice principals were selected availability sample method. In addition observation was used to compare the response of the respondents with what was actually available in the schools. To gather the necessary data Questionnaire(open-ended and closed ended), interview, observation and document analysis were the main instruments employed .The gathered data from teachers through a questionnaire were analyzed using frequency and percentage. Moreover, the data gathered using an interview held with department heads, principals and vice principals were narrated and analyzed. The findings of the study indicated that the participants’ perceived quality of education in terms of input and output/outcomes. The analysis revealed that general secondary are suffering from very poor condition of learning. Regarding the current status of quality, the study also found that the quality of education in general secondary schools was not satisfactory .participation in tutorial program, continuous assessment, experience sharing with teachers, were the identified strategies employed by the teachers to improve quality of education. Finally, recommendations were drawn based on the above findings. The point of the recommendations include: carefully selection candidate teachers for training, the need for breaking teachers’ problem such as wide range of professional development opportunity for teachers, uphold teachers morale, attractive salary structure of the teachers and encouraging good teacher , provided adequate fund for the schools, resolving student disciplinary problems, strengthening parent-school relationship and provided sufficient text books timelyItem Teachers’ perception of quality education in north Shoa Zone of Oromia(Addis Ababa Universty, 2014-06) Birke, Alemu; Zeleke, Befekadu (PhD)The purpose of the study was to investigate teachers’ perception of quality education in general secondary schools in North Shoa Zone of Oromia regional state. To carry out the study, a descriptive survey design was used. The sample of the study consisted of 140 teaches ,14 department heads , 7 principals and 14 vice principals drawn from the sampling schools of the zone. Regarding the respondents teaches were selected by using availability sample method, department heads were selected randomly and principals and vice principals were selected availability sample method. In addition observation was used to compare the response of the respondents with what was actually available in the schools. To gather the necessary data Questionnaire(open-ended and closed ended), interview, observation and document analysis were the main instruments employed .The gathered data from teachers through a questionnaire were analyzed using frequency and percentage. Moreover, the data gathered using an interview held with department heads, principals and vice principals were narrated and analyzed. The findings of the study indicated that the participants’ perceived quality of education in terms of input and output/outcomes. The analysis revealed that general secondary are suffering from very poor condition of learning. Regarding the current status of quality, the study also found that the quality of education in general secondary schools was not satisfactory .participation in tutorial program, continuous assessment, experience sharing with teachers, were the identified strategies employed by the teachers to improve quality of education. Finally, recommendations were drawn based on the above findings. The point of the recommendations include: carefully selection candidate teachers for training, the need for breaking teachers’ problem such as wide range of professional development opportunity for teachers, uphold teachers morale, attractive salary structure of the teachers and encouraging good teacher , provided adequate fund for the schools, resolving student disciplinary problems, strengthening parent-school relationship and provided sufficient text books timely.