Browsing by Author "Mohammed Seid"

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    Achievements and Challenges of Kaizen Implementation in the Case of Kadisco Paint and Adhesive Industry Share Company
    (A.A.U, 2025-05-22) Daniel Shigute; Mohammed Seid
    Kaizen is a Japanese management philosophy centered on continuous, incremental improvements in productivity, quality, cost reduction, and waste elimination through employee participation. The objective of the study is to investigate the achievements and challenges of Kaizen implementation at Kadisco Paint and Adhesive Industry Share Company. In order to address the objectives and the research questions, data were collected from the target population of 40 employees. Hence primary data were collected through questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation analysis were used, and also SPSS and Excel tools were utilized for analysis. The study found that while Kaizen has led to meaningful improvements in quality, delivery time, safety, and employee empowerment, the overall implementation remains partial and concentrated in limited areas. Tools such as quality circles and TQC were practiced very well while the suggestion system showed only moderate engagement. Among the pillars, 5S was the most successfully applied. It was also realized that 75% of respondents believe the company has established fundamental Kaizen infrastructure through training and use of core kaizen tools. However, challenges including lack of top management commitment, misconception, existing negative working culture attitude, and factory layout limitations continue to hinder full-scale implementation. The research concludes that Kadisco must shift from fragmented initiatives to a companywide Kaizen implementation. Key recommendations include strengthening leadership support, expanding quality circles, revitalizing the suggestion system, and addressing structural and cultural barriers to enhance continuous improvement and long-term performance.
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    Assessing The Prospects and Challenges of Islamic Banks in Ethiopia the Case of Zamzam Bank
    (A.A.U., 2024-04-10) Abdulwahid Dino; Mohammed Seid
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the problem and prospects of Islamic banks in Ethiopia case Zamzam Bank. To achieve this, a descriptive research design was conducted and both a qualitative and quantitative research method was used. This study was conducted using 400 of respondents, which was probably selected using a simple random sampling method from the total number 20,050 target population. The researcher used both primary and secondary source of data to conduct the study. The researcher conducted quantitative and qualitative analysis from the responses collected on research questions. Data that is collected using a structured questionnaire (quantitative data) are coded and analyzed using quantitative analysis with the help of Microsoft Excel 2016 software. Based on the result of the finding, lack of public awareness, lack of guidelines and supervisions, lack of supportive organization, tax policy and monetary policy, lack of legal framework, lack of professional in the sectors, lack of effective government support, lack of secondary market and Islamic insurance were identified as the main challenges of IB. While attraction of investors and potential customers, raising investment opportunity, financial inclusion of marginalized communities, creation of employment opportunities, support and expansion of local businesses, and creation of equitable distribution of income among the communities were identified as the major prospects of IB.
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    Bionomics, Insecticide Susceptibility Status and Community Perception of Aedes Aegypti in Afar Region, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa Universtity, 2025) Mohammed Seid; Abebe Animut; Esayas Aklilu
    Background: The recent emergence and re-emergence of Aedes-transmitted diseases, such as dengue fever and chikungunya, are public health concerns in Ethiopia, including the Afar Region. Despite the frequent outbreaks of the diseases, control strategies are limited in the country. Due to the absence of licensed vaccines (except yellow fever) against Aedes-borne diseases, control of the Aedes aegypti that transmits the diseases is a priority. A successful Ae. aegypti control strategy, in turn, depends on knowledge of its behavior, insecticide susceptibility status, and vectorial role. Therefore, this research was designed to investigate the bionomics, including the spatial and temporal occurrence and larval/pupal habitat characteristics, adult resting behavior blood meal source, insecticide susceptibility, and viral infection status of Ae. aegypti. In addition, the study also assessed the community awareness about Aedes mosquitoes and associated risks to chikungunya and dengue fever. Methodology: Longitudinal study design was employed to collect adult and immature Aedes species in Awash Sebat, Awash Arba, and Werer towns of Southern Afar Regional State once per month from May 2022 to April 2023. The larvae/pupae were collected and reared to adults and identified by genus and species morphologically. The physical and chemical properties of their habitats were also characterized. Adult mosquitoes were collected using a Prokopack aspirator between 8:00 to 14:00 hrs and 15:00 to 18:00 hrs both indoors and outdoors of the house. The collected mosquitoes were sorted by sex, date of collection, collection places, and abdominal status and identified using standard morphological keys. Blood meal sources and dengue virus and chikungunya virus infection status of Ae. aegypti were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Larvae/pupae of Ae aegypti were collected and reared to test the insecticide susceptibility status of the species. Non-blood-fed, 3-5-day-old females Ae. aegypti were exposed to pyrethroid, carbamate, and organophosphate insecticide impregnated papers in tube tests following WHO standard guidelines. Knockdown rates were noted at 10-minutes interval until one hour. The mortality in Ae. aegypti was recorded 24 hrs after 60 minutes of exposure. A total of 384 respondents participated in the questionnaire survey. In addition, three focus group discussions were held to reinforce the questionnaire survey. Results: A total of 9099 Aedes larvae/pupae were collected, of which 4875 (53.6%) were from Awash Sebat, 2687 (29.5%) from Awash Arba, and 16.9% (1537) from Werer. Water holding tyres harbored the highest number of Aedes larvae/pupae followed by water storage Conclusion: Diverse types of artificial water-holding containers, including tyres, water storage drums, cement tanks, flowerpots, and discarded plastics were positive for Ae. aegypti larvae/pupae. Used tyres located at domestic sites were the most preferred Ae. aegypti larval habitats and adult resting sites in the study towns. Ae. aegypti showed resistance to bendiocarb and propoxur, suspected resistance to alpha-cypermethrin, and susceptible to deltamethrin, permethrin and pirimiphos-methyl. Health professionals, students, and merchants had more knowledge of Aedes’ larval habitats. Respondents aged 29-38 and university-educated respondents were more involved in controlling Aedes mosquito bites. Domestic water-holding containers, which serve as both immature larval habitats and adult resting sites such as used tyres and other potential larval/resting habitats management strategy is recommended in controlling Ae. aegypti abundance and hence prevention of Aedes transmitted diseases. In addition, Aedes mosquito control strategies should also be designed on the basis of the rising knowledge, risk perception, and prevention practices of the community about Aedes mosquitoes and their associated risks towards local chikungunya and dengue fever by targeting people with lower education backgrounds. Key words; Aedes aegypti, Afar Region, Attitude, Chikungunya, Dengue fever, Ethiopia, habitat characteristics, Knowledge, Practice
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    Discovering the English Language Needs of Learners (CADETS): The Case of Ethiopian Police College
    (Addis Ababa University, 2007-07) Mohammed Seid ; Berhanu Bogale
    This paper has dealt with identification of the English language needs of freshman diploma students of the Ethiopian Police College. In this regard, emphasis has been given to specifying the English language needs in each domain and preferred skills, activities and micro language items that could meet the specific language needs of trainees (Cadets) in academic, future career, and private and social life contexts. In carrying out the research, questionnaire was used as a chief data gathering tool for subjects, including 60 students, 30 former graduates, 2 English language instructors, and 6 administrators. Besides, interview and focus-group discussions were conducted for 1 English language instructor and 5 students respectively. The study has also been assisted with text analysis of the current course material (college English V-1). In the analysis the results have been triangulated for vivid manifestation of cadets’ English language needs as perceived by all respondents (stake holders). The study clearly indicated that cadets have high English language needs in the three domains. However, since trainees are preparing to become police officers a very high English language need has been recorded in the future career domain. On the contrary, the text analysis revealed that the current course book fails to incorporate the kind of English language that suits learners’ future profession. On the other hand, although all the subjects realized the significance of both macro and micro skills in the three domains, they prioritized speaking, listening, reading, and writing in due order. They also believed that vocabulary and grammar should be learnt more than pronunciation. Hence, the college, syllabus designers and other concerned bodies need to design a kind of course material that satisfies the needs of cadets in the three domains, but with special emphasis to the kind of English that serves their future career
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    Factors Affecting Customers’ Decision to Adopt Interest Free Banking in Ethiopia: The Case of Dashen Bank S.C.
    (A.A.U, 2023-12-03) Adil Metsa; Mohammed Seid
    This paper aims to examine the main Factors Affecting Customers’ Decision to Adopt Interest Free Banking in Ethiopia: The Case of Dashen Bank Share Company. The researcher employed a cross-sectional explanatory research design and also a quantitative research approaches were used to collect and analyze primary data. This research collects primary data by distributing questionnaires to 398 customers of Interest Free Banking services in Addis Ababa and a total of 340 questionnaires were returned and used for analysis. The independent variables in this study are awareness, bank reputation, perceived complexity, perceived compatibility, perceived risk, relative advantage, religiosity, and social influence. Meanwhile, the dependent variable is customers’ decision to adopt interest free banking services. The result of this study indicates that awareness, bank reputation, social influence and perceived compatibility have a positive effect on customers’ decision to adopt interest free banking services. Likewise, perceived complexity, relative advantage and religiosity have a significant and positive effect on customer intention to adopt interest free banking services. Meanwhile, perceived risk has a negative and significant effect on customers’ decision to adopt interest free banking services in Dashen Bank Share Company.The study suggested that in order to assist the adopting of interest free banking services in the bank, the banks must actively promote themselves to the public to improve the reputation of interest free banking and to introduce innovations available in adopting interest free banking services.Keywords: Interest Free Banking, Awareness, Bank Reputation, Perceived Complexity, Social Influence, Perceived Compatibility, Perceived Risk
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    Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Growth and Poverty in Ethiopia: A Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium Model
    (Addis Ababa University, 2007-07) Mohammed Seid; Estiphanos Girma
    This paper presents a dynamic Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Model for Ethiopia's trade liberalization that allows for quantification of income and welfare effects stemming from tariff reduction. This dynamic model has been built using a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) of 1999/2000 for Ethiopia. The model is simulated for alternative policies scenarios depicting full and indiscriminating liberalization, full and discriminating liberalization, gradual and rationalized liberalization and instantaneous tariff liberalization. The main findings of these scenarios are a decline in poverty among all households in the long run. In the short run, poverty remains significantly unaffected for most of the simulations' Scenarios. The simulations' results show that static version of the model underestimates trade liberalization's impacts on production, and welfare, since it excludes the accumulation effects. However, from the alternative simulations' scenarios, instantaneous type of liberalization seems performing well in its capacity to increase real GDP, welfare, real output, and real export in the long run. This liberalization also recorded substantial decline in poverty level in the long run. Key words: Dynamic CGE Model, Trade Liberalization, Poverty, Growth, Ethiopia
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    Sustainable Development through Carbon Credit Projects: Case of Ethiopia
    (A.A.U, 2024-05-04) Saba Tsegaye; Mohammed Seid
    Sustainable development remains a pressing global imperative, demanding innovative strategies to mitigate climate change while fostering economic growth and environmental conservation. Ethiopia, as a developing nation, grapples with the dual challenge of advancing its economy while addressing environmental degradation. In response, Ethiopia has increasingly turned to carbon credit projects as a mechanism to align economic development with ecological sustainability. However, there remains a critical gap in nderstanding the comprehensive impacts, challenges, and opportunities presented by these initiatives within Ethiopia's socio-economic and environmental context. This study aims to fill this gap by conducting a rigorous empirical analysis of carbon credit projects in Ethiopia. Through a mixed-methods approach including direct observations, interviews with key stakeholders, surveys, and secondary research, the study investigates the effectiveness of carbon credit projects across environmental, social, and economic dimensions. It assesses the awareness levels among Ethiopian society, evaluates tangible outcomes on environmental sustainability and economic development, identifies best practices and challenges encountered, and examines the alignment of these projects with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Key findings reveal significant strides in environmental conservation through afforestation and renewable energy adoption, supported by initiatives such as the Oromia Coffee Producers Union's successful carbon credit sales. Challenges identified include funding gaps, regulatory barriers, and capacity limitations, which hinder project scalability and effectiveness. Recommendations focus on leveraging Ethiopia's abundant solar resources, transitioning to renewable energy, enhancing institutional frameworks for transparency and accountability, scaling afforestation efforts, and implementing innovative water management solutions. Ultimately, this research underscores the transformative potential of carbon credit projects in Ethiopia, offering actionable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders to advance sustainable development goals while fostering a resilient and inclusive society for future generations.
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    The Sufi–Salafi Interactions in Southern Wollo, Ethiopia (1991- 2017): Competition, Intolerance and Conflict
    (Addis Ababa University,, 2020-07) Mohammed Seid; Mohammed Dejen (PhD)
    This study examines the context, dynamics and predicaments of the Sufi-Salafi interactions in the context of South Wollo of Ethiopia from 1991 to 2017. Nonetheless, it is confined only on some negative aspects of their relations characterized by competition, intolerance and conflict. In doing so, the researcher employed a qualitative research method to gain insight into the Sufi-Salafi interactions as it allows the participants to interpret their social reality. Data generated through this approach are analyzed using discourse analysis, conflict mapping, conflict tree-model and onion-model of conflict analysis. Although agents of Islamic revivalism in the history of South Wollo were different (Sufis as agents of the nineteenth century Islam while Salafists for the contemporary), both utilized revivalism as a tool of maintaining the religious orthodoxy of Islam in subsequent centuries. This would refute the conventional knowledge which associates revivalism as the monopoly of Salafists. The nineteenth century Sufi revivalism was far more radical as it applied Jihad to address the local religious and political grievances while contemporary Salafi revivalism has a peaceful puritanist missionary agenda in South Wollo. Empirical evidences from Sufi-Salafi discourse revealed that the Sufi-Salafi competition is primarily triggered by the need to win converts, control organizational resources and disseminate doctrinal preferences. The absence of cooperation which is expressed in the form of obstruction, misperception, deception and manipulation between Sufis and Salafists hinders peace in the Muslim community of South Wollo. The study also finds that passive tolerance which is expressed in the form of marginalization, xenophobic attitude and emotional attacks using pejorative and derogatory terms impedes peaceful coexistence between Sufis and Salafists in South Wollo. Analysis on the intervention of external actors reveals that the interference of the government and Ahbash complicates the Sufi-Salafi relations through transforming the dormant conflict into active violence in South Wollo. The US government under the pretext of countering terrorism indirectly interfered in the Sufi-Salafi conflict through funding Sufi institutions. Although Islamic NGOs as external actors were allegedly accused of promoting Salafism in South Wollo, it could not be substantiated with evidences. A scrutiny on the causation of the conflict identifies structural, proximate and immediate factors responsible for the Sufi-Salafi conflict. The structural factor is related to actors’ distinct interpretation of Islam, the proximate factor evidenced by the imposition of Ahbash as the ideology of mejlis, and the 2012 controversial mejlis election and the killing of a Sufi cleric as the triggering factors for the Sufi-Salafi conflict in South Wollo. Although impartial intra-religious dialogue and negotiation was variously suggested as tools of resolution, it had been sabotaged by the government and Ahbash. This is evidenced by the interference of the government in the 2012 mejlis election and the eventual ascendancy of Ahbash leadership to the zonal mejlis. The realist security orientation of the government was also incompatible to resolve identity based intra-religious conflict in South Wollo as it ceded preference for its own state security. The researcher argues that the effectiveness of intra-religious peace and the transformation of the Sufi-Salafi conflict in South Wollo should be governed by the principles of non-interference, cooperation and peace building.