Browsing by Author "Addissie, Adamu (PhD)"

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    Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude of Cervical Cancer and Screening among Primary Health Care Workers of West Wollega Zone, Ethiopia,2016.
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2016-05) Bekela, Eba; Addissie, Adamu (PhD)
    Back ground: Cancer of the uterine cervix is the most common cancers among women worldwide. The global burden of cervical cancer is disproportionately high among the developing countries. Sub-Sahara Africa is the region with the highest incidence of cervical cancer. In Ethiopia many women seek treatment only at a very late stage when their cancer has significantly advanced and facing a higher probability of mortality, though it is a preventable and curable disease if identified at an early stage. Knowledge of cervical cancer helps to have a clear understanding of the need for early detection. Objectives:The aim of this study is to assess knowledge and attitude of cervical cancer and screening among primary health care workers of west Wollega, Ethiopia, 2016. Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from February -June 2016 among 417 west wollega primary health service providers. Stratified sampling technique was utilized to stratify study source into Hospitals and health center. Bivaraite and multivariate analysis were used. Results: Over all knowledge of cervical cancer was 36% and knowledge of cervical cancer screening were 15% and 44.6%of participants had positive attitude towards cervical cancer. Profession of the respondents was found to be statistically significant towards knowledge of cervical cancer. Majority of the respondent were not heard about cervical cancer screening. Level of knowledge of cervical carcinoma was associated with attitude on screening, those with good knowledge were more positive Conclusion and recommendation: The study revealed that low level of knowledge on cervical cancer and screening. And also participants had negative attitude. There is aneed to design and implement awareness creation program on cervical cancer and screening
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    Assessment of Magnitude, Barriers and outcomes Related with HIV Serostatus Disclosure among art users, in Addis Ababa art providing Health Facilities
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2009-06) Koyira, Aklilu; Addissie, Adamu (PhD)
    Background:- Disclosure of HIV Serostatus to sexual partner and other individuals is important in prevention of new HIV infection transmission especially in developing countries and helps to initiate early treatment and in order to obtain appropriate support from sexual partners, family members and the whole community at large. Objective:- The aim of the study was to identify the magnitude, barriers and outcomes associated with HIV serostatus disclosure among ART users in Addis Ababa ART providing health facilities to their sexual partners and to significant others. Study Design:- Facility based quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted from April-2009 to May- 2009 in Addis Ababa ART providing health facilities using structured questionnaires among ART receiving clients who were married or who were in cohabiting sexual relation with their sexual partners and living together at the time of their initial VCT. Quantitative study was supplemented by qualitative study among ART receiving clients who were involved in PLWHA organizations. Result:- In the study 341 study participants who were married in legal way and who were not married in legal way (cohabiting) at the time of their initial VCT were involved in the study. Among them 157(46%) were male study participants and 184(54%) of them were female study participants. Total disclosure rate was 88.3 (89% for males and 87.5% for females). Bivariate and multivariate analysis identified factors associated with disclosure of HIV serostatus to sexual partners includes: Living with sexual partners in legal marital relationship, living with sexual partners within the same household, smooth marital relationship with sexual partner, having sexual partner whose HIV serostatus was positive and discussing with sexual partner about HIV and VCT before HIV diagnosis were identified factors for disclosing HIV serostatus to sexual partners COR 2.737(1.360, 5.430) and AOR 3.572(1.399, 9.122), COR 2.745 (1.336, 5.64), COR 4.608(2.311,9.191) and AOR 5.263(2.360, 11.740) , COR 4.991(2.002, 12.440) and AOR 8.024(2.807, 22.935), COR 5.341(1.820,15.672), COR 6.604(2.224, 19.607) at the 95% CI respectively). Barriers and dalliance for disclosure of HIV serostatus identified were: fear of loss of support from sexual partners (9.4%), not having enough time to discuss with their sexual partner about their HIV serostatus (7.9%) and sexual partner may get anger (6.2%) were some of identified reasons among other identified reasons. Reassurance by disclosed individuals, obtaining support from people, being annoyed by disclosed people; being threatened and beaten by their sexual partners were some of the outcomes associated with disclosing HIV serostatus. Conclusion:- Even if the disclosure rate of the study is encourage as it is compared with developing countries still significantly proportion of peoples did not disclose their HIV serostatus immediately and not disclose until know and were found engaged in unprotected sexual activity which could hamper strong effort made to prevent new HIV transmission to sexual partners.
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    Assessment of Noise induced hearing loss and Associated Factors among Workers in Akaki basic Metal Industry, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2015-06) Hailu, Ashenafi; Addissie, Adamu (PhD)
    Background: - Excessive occupational exposure to noise results in a well-recognized occupational hearing loss and now is taken as a global problem. Worldwide, approximately 600 million workers are exposed and 16% of disabling hearing loss in adults is attributed to occupational noise. However, in developing countries including Ethiopia there is no systematized recording and reporting of noise induced health problems. Objectives: - To assess the magnitude and associated factors of noise induced hearing loss among Akaki basic metal Industry workers, between March and April, 2015. Methodology: - Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted in Akaki Basic metal Industry. A total of 244 eligible workers were included in study by using simple random sampling from workers` attendance sheet of respective sections. A pre-tested interviewing questionnaire, Environment noise survey, audiometric test were conducted. Epi-Info version 7 software was used for data entry and cleaning and then data exported to SPSS version 21 software for further analysis. Logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with outcome variable. Results:- Audiometric measurement revealed that the prevalence of noise induced hearing loss in Akaki Basic Metal Industry was 22% (95% CI 17- 27). Previous exposure of noise (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.032-7.923), service year 11-20 years (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.078- 6.262) and service years 21-30 years (AOR = 5.2, 95% CI: 2.317- 11.507) when compared with 1-10 years’ service respectively were significantly associated with noise induced hearing loss. But, drinking alcohol (AOR= 1.6, 0.740-3.236) and being hypertensive (AOR = 1.7, CI: 0.800 – 3.776) respectively were not significantly associated with NIHL. The environmental noise level measurement was Mean (SD) of 89 + 13.65 dB A. Conclusion: - The prevalence of hearing loss in Akaki basic metal industry shows significant number with association of level of exposure, previously exposure to noise and duration of exposure. This shows as great effort is needed from administrative of the industry to provide appropriate hearing protective devices based on noise level of sections and change the behavior of workers towards using it, monitor noise level according to the country`s standard and installation of acoustics materials with in the industry to protect the health of workers from noise hazard.
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    Ethiopian Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program (EFELTP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2015-05) Mamo, Dereje; Addissie, Adamu (PhD)
    Background: In Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples' Region outbreaks of measles occur every year. On December 23/2013 the regional PHEM received a report of suspected outbreak of measles from Gedeb woreda and we conducted to verify the outbreak, identify risk factors and implement control measures to contain the outbreak. Methods: Unmatched cases-control study was conducted enrolling 41 cases and 82 controls (1:2 ratios).The study was conducted in Gedeb Woreda, Gedeo Zone, SNNPR from December 13/2013 to January 15/2014. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and analyzed using EpiInfo 7.1.4.0 and MS Excel 2013. Result: We identified a total of 108 cases of measles (5 laboratory confirmed and 48 epi-linked) with median age of 7years, ranging from 6 months to 16 years. The most affected age group was under five years of age (47.2%) followed by 5-9 years of age group (36.1%).The age specific attack rate was also highest in age group of under five year (185/100,000) followed by those 5-9 years of age group (132/100,000) with case fatality of 0% for all. From all measles patients 95 (88%) have no history of vaccination and only the rest 13 (12%) of the cases have history of at least one dose of measles vaccine exposure. The proportion of male 63(58%) was higher than female cases of measles [1:1.4]. Conclusion: The incidence rate of measles in Gedeb woreda was highest among children under 5 years of age (185/100,000) and it is essentially less than measles incidences recorded in different regions of the country. Sub optimal measles vaccination coverage for consecutive years resulted in increased number of susceptible population and triggered the outbreak finally. Key words: Outbreak investigation, Measles, SNNPR
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    Ethiopian Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program (EFETP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2015-05) Hailu, Engdayehu; Addissie, Adamu (PhD)
    Abstract Introduction: Measles is an acute, highly contagious viral disease caused by measles virus. Measles is the fifth killer disease among <5 Yrs of age worldwide. Measles case account for 4% of childhood mortality in Ethiopia. Suspected outbreak of measles was investigated to determine risk factors associated with and to take preventive and control measures based on the findings. Methods: We conducted a descriptive study followed by 1:1 unmatched case control study. EpiInfo7 were used for data processing and analysis. Result: A total of 67 measles cases (5 IgM positive) with median age of 4 year (Q1=0.2; Q3=10) and no deaths reported. The overall attack rate in Kebele was 113 cases with <1, 1-4 and 10-14 year children recorded the highest attack rate of 343, 392 and 244 cases per 10,000 population respectively. The odds of illness in those vaccinated were 0.16 times less than those who were not vaccinated [95%CI (0.07-0.34)]. Contact with the case [95%CI (1.95-8.35)] and <5 year malnutrition [95%CI (1.47-7.82) were significantly associated with the disease. Cases from households of family size >7 persons and illiterate parents were 3.02 times [95%CI (1.49-6.10)] and 4 times [95%CI (1.93-8.21)] more likely to develop measles respectively. Conclusion: An outbreak of measles occurred in Melgano Doya Kebele of Bona Zuria Woreda. Unvaccination, having contact with case, living in crowded room, <5 children malnutrition and illiteracy of parents were associated with contracting measles. <5 years children vaccination, case management, health education and active case search undertaken as prevention and control measure. Keywords: Measles outbreak, Melgano Doya, Bona Zuria, Ethiopia
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    Information needs of breast cancer patients attending care at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia, 2017
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2017-06) Legese, Birhan; Addissie, Adamu (PhD)
    Background: Breast cancer is the leading cancer among women in Ethiopia worldwide. Cancer patients are always eager to have information about every topic related to their illness and having the information is helpful for them to cope and for a better quality of life. But little is known about the information needs of breast cancer patients. So this study will address that gap. Objective: Assessing the information needs of breast cancer patients attending care at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia, 2017 Methods: Hospital based cross sectional study and qualitative methods was used. Toronto informational needs questionnaire was used to address the information needs and data on sociodemographic factors was assessed using structured questionnaire from literatures. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients and their care givers to support the quantitative part. Likert scales to determine whether patients need to know more about 52 items of information categorized under five domains namely treatment, disease, and investigative tests, physical and psychosocial was used. High mean score show higher information needs. One way ANOVA and regression was done to see association of sociodemographic and clinical variables with information needs. All statistical analysis was performed using STATA (Version 14), and statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Result: The total mean score for overall information need among breast cancer patients is 238.7(22.5) which means 4.59 with a range scale of 156-260. Among the five subscales information on disease and information on treatment were the most highly needed areas with mean percentage of 94.8 and 93.7 respectively and 254(67%) of them preferred the information to come from health professionals. Diagnosing as stage IV (p=0.02) &Urban residence is associated with less and high information needs respectively when compared to other categories. Conclusion and recommendation: The information needs of breast cancer patients were high. Determining what the patient’s needs is an important aspect of providing health care especially in cancer care. The health care system should include a way of information provision for breast cancer patients based on their needs.
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    Intention to use long acting and Permanent Contraceptive Methods and factors affecting it among Married Women in Adigrat Town, Tigray, Ethiopia, January 2012
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2012-06) Gebremariam, Alem; Addissie, Adamu (PhD)
    Introduction: Despite the increase in contraceptive use worldwide over the last decade, there is still discrepancy in the need to limit birth and utilization of modern contraceptives specifically long acting and permanent contraception methods in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. Intention to use long acting and permanent methods of contraception is an important indicator of the potential demand for family planning services. Objective: To assess intention to use long acting and permanent contraceptive methods and factors affecting it among married women in the reproductive age group in Adigrat town Method: A quantitative cross sectional study design complemented by qualitative method was conducted. The total 594 sample size was proportionally allocated to each of the three selected kebeles. Systematic random sampling was used to reach at the study subjects. Structured questionnaire and guides were used for the quantitative and qualitative method respectively. Data was entered in to Epi Info version 3.5.1 and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16. Multivariate logistic regression was done to control effect of confounders. Open code software was used to carry out content analysis of the qualitative data. Result: Intention to use LAPMs was 48.4%. The main reasons for not intending to use were fear of side effect and infertility after use. Participants perception on husbands support for LAPMs use (AOR=0.2, 95% CI=0.09, 0.45) and LAPMs can harm the womb (AOR=0.24, 95% CI=0.14, 0.41), knowledge of LAPMs (AOR=4.7, 95% CI=1.58, 14.01) were significantly associated with intention to use LAPMs. Desire to have birth within the next 2 years (AOR=1.9, 95% CI=1.22, 3.13), ideal desired number of children (AOR=0.7, 95% CI=0.62, 0.88), partner’s education and participants occupation status were also significantly associated with intention. Conclusion: The magnitude of intention to use LAPMs in the study area was low. The main limiting factors were fear of side effect and infertility after LAPMs use, knowledge on LAPMs and perception on partner’s support. This needs more effort from the family planning providers and program facilitators to address misconceptions that exist about LAPMs and highlight the benefits of LAPMs and not only women but also their spouses should be included in family planning programs.
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    The Magnitude and Associated Factors of Repeat induced Abortion among Women of Reproductive Age Group Who Seeks Abortion Care Services at Marie Stopes International Ethiopia Clinics In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2015-12) Alemayehu, Bethelihem; Addissie, Adamu (PhD)
    Background: Repeated induced abortion is important public health concern both in the developing and developed world that increases maternal morbidity and mortality. There is a no of research towards the magnitude and associated factors of repeat induced abortion in developing countries particularly in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Objectives: The objectives of this study was to determine the magnitude and associated factors of repeated induced abortion among abortion care service seekers at Mare Stopes International Ethiopia (MSIE) clinics in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 429 women seeking abortion care at Marie stopes international Ethiopia clinics. Simple random sampling technique was used to selectstudy participants. Data were collected by trained data collectors at one of Marie stopes international clinics by 22 mothers using structured questionnaires after that done the necessary correction. Data were checked for completeness, consistency, coded and entered and analyzed through SPSS version 20.Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was computed to test the strength of association and the p-value <0.05 was considered as statistical significant. Result:The magnitude of repeat induced abortion is 33.6 %. Based on this study educational status of college diploma and above (AOR=9.2, 95%CI; 2.3-35.3), monthly income of ETB 1001-2000(AOR=3.7; CI: 1.7-7.8), and years in marriage of 2-5 years (AOR=3.3; 95%CI: 1.6- 6.7) and of 5-10 years (AOR=2.6; 95% CI: 1.3-4.9)last abortion time of 1-2years (AOR=0.4;95%CI:0.2-97) and above three years last time abortion (AOR=0.35; 95%CI:0.13- 0.9) significantly associated with the repeat induced abortion among reproductive age group of women at Maries topes international Ethiopia clinics in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Conclusion and recommendation: The finding of this study showed that the magnitude of repeat induced abortion is similar with the reports from developing countries but it was lower than that of developed countries. Higher educationallevels, monthly income, years in marriage and time of last abortion were the associated factors for repeat induced abortion. Health promotion messages are needed to focus to improve the knowledge of women about contraceptives as a primary prevention of repeated induced abortion.