Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
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2016-05
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Addis Abeba Universty
Abstract
This document contains two years Field Epidemiology Training Program outputs, to be submitted to school of public health for fulfillment of Masters Degree in Field Epidemiology. This Compiled Body of Work has eight chapters and eight annexes. Reports of diseases outbreak investigations, public health surveillance data analysis, surveillance system evaluation, narrative summary of disaster situation report, manuscript and abstracts presented in eight chapters.
Chapter One: This chapter contains findings of two outbreak investigations. The first outbreak investigation was conducted on an outbreak of psychogenic disorder in primary school of Sululta district, Oromia Regional State. The objective of the investigation was to verify the outbreak and asses the distribution and risk factors of the outbreak to implement control measures. We used a descriptive analysis of the line list followed by a sex matched case-control study; we identified 183 case of psychogenic disorder (conversion disorder) with female dominance (62%). The outbreak was controlled mainly by giving health education to students, teachers and families of cases. We recommend provision of health education to community of the locality on psychogenic disorders. On a bigger scale, we recommend primary schools in the country to have a school Psychologist to help on overall psychological problems of students including in a possible incidences of mass psychogenic disorders.
The second outbreak investigation was on Measles outbreak in Telalake district of Afar. We used a descriptive analysis of the line list followed by a sex matched case-control study; we identified 21 cases of Measles (the first five cases were lab confirmed). Eighty-one percent of the cases were not vaccinated for measles. The outbreak was controlled by providing mass vaccination and health education activities. We recommend strengthening health education and routine and catch up immunization programs activities by the district health office to prevent similar outbreaks.
Chapter Two: Presents report of surveillance data analysis conducted on maternal death. We retrospectively analyzed national surveillance report collected from October 2013 to September 2015 to describe the distribution and determinate of maternal death in Ethiopia. The summary of the findings has shown that the overall maternal mortality ratio is 28.9 per 100,000 live birth with big disparity among regions the maximum being at Dire Dawa 94 deaths per 100,00 live
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birth and the minimum being at addis Ababa 2.7 deaths per 100,000 live births. The top three causes of maternal deaths found to be hemorrhage followed by sepsis and hypertensive disease of pregnancy. We recommend much focus should be given to the top three common causes of maternal deaths (hemorrhage, sepsis and hypertensive disease of pregnancy) to reduce and improve maternal outcomes. The number of reported maternal mortality is far below the local and international estimates, which needs an evaluation of the overall maternal mortality surveillance system (based on this result, we conducted evaluation of MDSR system in Tigray region which presented in the next chapter).
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Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology