Development, Characterization and Optimization of Sulphated Fatliquor From Neem (Azadirachta Indica) Seed Oil for Crust Leather Process Technology
| dc.contributor.advisor | Shegaw, Ahmed (PhD) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Semegn, Mekonnen | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-03-08T09:21:27Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-10T14:54:35Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-03-08T09:21:27Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-10T14:54:35Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2019-11 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The leather market demands quality and competitive cost for producers as well as users. Leather producers use effective substituent to make the process efficient in order to reduce the waste load and improve the quality of the final product. Fatliquoring is a fundamental stage during the production process of leather. The source of fatliquoring can be formulated from emulsification of raw materials such as vegetable or seed oils and fats, wax, fish oil and paraffin. These enable them to penetrate leather properly to enhance the major characteristics of leather such as softness, pleasant feel and strength. This study showed the process for synthesis of sulphated fatliquor from locally available raw material, neem seed oil (SNOSFL). The fatliquor production process involves preparation of seed, extraction of oil by solvent and mechanical screw press , purification of oil, sulphation of the neem oil with conc.H2SO4, washing and neutralize with 10% NaCl and 30% NaOH solutions respectively. The major sulphation reaction process parameters used for fatliquor production were reaction temperature, amount of conc.H2SO4, and reaction time. In the experimental analysis results, the optimal conditions that maximize the degree of sulphation were found to be reaction temperature at 23.98 C, amount of conc. H2SO4 at 16.76 Wt. % and reaction time 3.28 h that yield the degree of sulphation was 5.37%. The physicochemical characterization, spectroscopic analysis (FT-IR, GC-MS) of synthesized fatliquor and neem oil, and the organoleptic and physical test for the applied fatliquor on leather were done. The overall results confirm the sulphated group during sulphation process in SNOSFL and the synthesized product has a potential for the application garment leather. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/12345678/21004 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | en_US |
| dc.subject | Fatliquor | en_US |
| dc.subject | Sulphation | en_US |
| dc.subject | Neem seed oil | en_US |
| dc.subject | Leather | en_US |
| dc.title | Development, Characterization and Optimization of Sulphated Fatliquor From Neem (Azadirachta Indica) Seed Oil for Crust Leather Process Technology | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |