Radiology

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A Crossectional Study on Assessment of Chest Radiographic and Chest CT Patterns in Covid-19 PatientsiIn Tikur Anbessa Hospital
(Addis Ababa University, 2021) Lemma, Ashenafi; Alwan, Amir
Abstract Abstract Abstract Introduction: Introduction: Introduction: Introduction:Introduction:Introduction: An outbreak of corona virus di outbreak of corona virus dioutbreak of corona virus di outbreak of corona virus di outbreak of corona virus di outbreak of corona virus dioutbreak of corona virus di sease 2019(COVID sease 2019(COVIDsease 2019(COVIDsease 2019(COVIDsease 2019(COVID sease 2019(COVIDsease 2019(COVID sease 2019(COVIDsease 2019(COVID-19) infection began in 19) infection began in 19) infection began in 19) infection began in 19) infection began in 19) infection began in 19) infection began in 19) infection began in December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province (2). (2). On 11 March On 11 March On 11 March On 11 March 2020, the WHO 2020, the WHO2020, the WHO officially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVIDofficially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVIDofficially characterized the global COVIDofficially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVIDofficially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVIDofficially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVIDofficially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVIDofficially characterized the global COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic 19 outbreak as a pandemic 19 outbreak as a pandemic19 outbreak as a pandemic19 outbreak as a pandemic 19 outbreak as a pandemic 19 outbreak as a pandemic19 outbreak as a pandemic 19 outbreak as a pandemic 19 outbreak as a pandemic19 outbreak as a pandemic 19 outbreak as a pandemic (5) . . In Ethiopia, the In Ethiopia, the In Ethiopia, the first case of COVID first case of COVID first case of COVID -19 19 was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3)was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3)was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3)was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3)was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) . COVIDCOVID COVIDCOVID-19 primarily 19 primarily 19 primarily19 primarily 19 primarily affectaffectaffectaffectaffectaffects the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to transmission transmission transmission transmission (5). (5). Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients suspected of COVID suspected of COVID suspected of COVID suspected of COVID suspected of COVIDsuspected of COVID-19 infecti 19 infecti 19 infecti19 infecti on (2) . Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection of of COVIDCOVID COVIDCOVID-19 lung abnormalities lung abnormalities lung abnormalities lung abnormalities lung abnormalities lung abnormalities lung abnormalities when compared to chest CT when compared to chest CT when compared to chest CT when compared to chest CTwhen compared to chest CT when compared to chest CT when compared to chest CT when compared to chest CT which is which is shown to have to have iv reported CT sensitivity of reported CT sensitivity of reported CT sensitivity of reported CT sensitivity of reported CT sensitivity of reported CT sensitivity of reported CT sensitivity of reported CT sensitivity of 98% (7) . Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact on the rates of nor on the rates of noron the rates of nor on the rates of nor on the rates of normal baseline imaging. mal baseline imaging. mal baseline imaging. mal baseline imaging. mal baseline imaging. mal baseline imaging.mal baseline imaging.mal baseline imaging. mal baseline imaging.mal baseline imaging. Objective: Objective: Objective:Objective: Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the correlation betweencorrelation between correlation between correlation betweencorrelation betweencorrelation between correlation between correlation between correlation between correlation betweencorrelation between chest radiographicchest radiographic chest radiographic chest radiographic chest radiographic chest radiographicchest radiographic chest radiographic chest radiographic and chest CTand chest CT and chest CTand chest CT and chest CT and chest CTand chest CT patternspatternspatterns patternspatterns in patients with in patients with in patients with in patients with in patients with in patients with in patients with RT - PCR PCR PCR PCR confirmed COVIDconfirmed COVID confirmed COVID confirmed COVIDconfirmed COVID confirmed COVIDconfirmed COVID-19 infection 19 infection19 infection 19 infection19 infection 19 infection at Tikur at Tikur at Tikur at Tikur at Tikur Anbessa hospital Anbessa hospital Anbessa hospitalAnbessa hospital. Method:Method:Method: Method: A retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RT A retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RT A retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RT A retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RT A retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RT A retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RT-PC R confirmed R confirmed R confirmed R confirmed R confirmed COVIDCOVID COVIDCOVID-19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were seen at seen at seen at seen at seen at seen at seen at Tikur Anbessa specializedTikur Anbessa specialized Tikur Anbessa specialized Tikur Anbessa specialized Tikur Anbessa specialized Tikur Anbessa specializedTikur Anbessa specialized Tikur Anbessa specializedTikur Anbessa specialized hospital and had chest x hospital and had chest x hospital and had chest xhospital and had chest x hospital and had chest x hospital and had chest x hospital and had chest xhospital and had chest xhospital and had chest xhospital and had chest x hospital and had chest x-ray ray and chest CTand chest CT and chest CTand chest CT and chest CT and chest CTand chest CT. The The The chest xchest x chest x chest x-ray ray and and and chest CT will be reviewedchest CT will be reviewed chest CT will be reviewed chest CT will be reviewedchest CT will be reviewedchest CT will be reviewedchest CT will be reviewed chest CT will be reviewedchest CT will be reviewed chest CT will be reviewedchest CT will be reviewed chest CT will be reviewed chest CT will be reviewedchest CT will be reviewed by experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologist s and and imaging data imaging data imaging data imaging data imaging data imaging data imaging data imaging data will be will bewill be filled separately and images w filled separately and images w filled separately and images w filled separately and images wfilled separately and images wfilled separately and images w filled separately and images wfilled separately and images wfilled separately and images wfilled separately and images w filled separately and images w filled separately and images wfilled separately and images w filled separately and images w filled separately and images which had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings will be ill be ill be ill be reviewed reviewed reviewedreviewed reviewed againagainagainagain with the with the with the consultant consultant consultant radiologists together radiologists together radiologists together radiologists together radiologists together radiologists together. Results Results Results : This study included 62 COVID-19 patients seen at Tikur Anbessa hospital among which 32() were male aand 29() were female. Patient age ranged from 18 – 86 with mean age of 49 years. Majority of the patients 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. Most of the patients 39(62.9%) have history of known underlying illness. Among the 62 patients 50(80.6%) of the chest x rays and all the 62 CT images were abnormal. The predominant chest infiltrate was GOO seen in 22(44%) of chest x rays and 29(46.8%) of the chest CT images followed by combination of GGO and consolidation seen in 22(35.5%) chest x rays and 22(35.5%) of the chest CT images. Findings were bilateral in 44(88%) of chest x rays and 61(98.4%) of the chest CT images. Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for 36(72%) of the chest X 36(72%) of the chest X 36(72%) of the chest X 36(72%) of the chest X36(72%) of the chest X 36(72%) of the chest X 36(72%) of the chest X36(72%) of the chest X 36(72%) of the chest X 36(72%) of the chest X-rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT images. images. images. images. images. A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) of the chest CT images. of the chest CT images.of the chest CT images. of the chest CT images.of the chest CT images. of the chest CT images. of the chest CT images.of the chest CT images.of the chest CT images.of the chest CT images. of the chest CT images.of the chest CT images. of the chest CT images. The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for 37(74%) of the chest X 37(74%) of the chest X37(74%) of the chest X 37(74%) of the chest X 37(74%) of the chest X37(74%) of the chest X 37(74%) of the chest X -rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images.rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images.rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images.rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images.rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images.rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images.rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays
CT and MRI Imaging Pattern and Staging of Retino Betino Blsatomas Evaluated in Tikur Anbessa Tertlary Referral Hospital,Addis Abeba,Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-12) Abebe, Biruk; Kebede, Tesfaye
Background: Retinoblastoma is a rare eye malignant neoplasm which arises from the retina and represents the most common intraocular malignancy during infancy and childhood, the study will aim to assess the cross sectional imaging pattern and stage of retinoblastoma in children evaluated at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital Methods: Hospital based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted at Tikur Anbessa Specialized hospital in a period of 3 years from January 2018to January 2021. The study population will be all patients with retinoblastoma having both cross sectional imaging and pathology result during data collection period. The exclusion criterion includes patients with orbital tumors having incomplete investigations and incomplete recorded medical data Data collection and analysis: Data was collected from the registry in the pediatric oncology unit, using structured questionnaires. The data was checked for clarity and completeness. SPSS (statistical package for the social sciences) version 25 software was used to make analysis and results displayed using tables and graphs. Result: There were a total of 83 patients included in the study, 42 (50.6%) are male and 41(49.4%) were female. The age of the patients ranged from 1- 12 year of age with a mean age of 3.4± 2 years The most common clinical symptom at presentation was swelling around the eye with 42(50.6%) patients followed by leucocorea 37(44.6%), eye discharge 3(3.6%), loss of vision 1(1.2%). And the mean Duration of Symptom was around 5 ± 4 month And 6(7.1%) of the patients were staged I, 12(14.2%) stage II, 14 (16.6%) stage IIIB, 33(39.2%) is stage IVA and 18(21.4%) stage IVB. Conclusion: From the study we can conclude that most of the patients presented with advanced stage of the disease .Therefore their needs to be a creation of awareness about the disease among the community through various information spreading methods like Television, Radio programs, Social media platforms and community gatherings so that children can come to medical institution at earlier stages where they can have a better prognosis
A Crossectional Study on Assessment of Chest Radiographic and Chest CT Patterns in Covid-19 Patients in Tikur Anbessa Hospital
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-03) Lemma, Ashenafi; Alwan, Amir
Introduction: Introduction: Introduction: Introduction:Introduction:Introduction: An outbreak of corona virus di outbreak of corona virus dioutbreak of corona virus di outbreak of corona virus di outbreak of corona virus di outbreak of corona virus dioutbreak of corona virus di sease 2019(COVID sease 2019(COVIDsease 2019(COVIDsease 2019(COVIDsease 2019(COVID sease 2019(COVIDsease 2019(COVID sease 2019(COVIDsease 2019(COVID-19) infection began in 19) infection began in 19) infection began in 19) infection began in 19) infection began in 19) infection began in 19) infection began in 19) infection began in December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province December 2019 in Wuhan the capital of central China’s Hubei province (2). (2). On 11 March On 11 March On 11 March On 11 March 2020, the WHO 2020, the WHO2020, the WHO officially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVIDofficially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVIDofficially characterized the global COVIDofficially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVIDofficially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVIDofficially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVIDofficially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVID officially characterized the global COVIDofficially characterized the global COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic 19 outbreak as a pandemic 19 outbreak as a pandemic19 outbreak as a pandemic19 outbreak as a pandemic 19 outbreak as a pandemic 19 outbreak as a pandemic19 outbreak as a pandemic 19 outbreak as a pandemic 19 outbreak as a pandemic19 outbreak as a pandemic 19 outbreak as a pandemic (5) . . In Ethiopia, the In Ethiopia, the In Ethiopia, the first case of COVID first case of COVID first case of COVID -19 19 was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3)was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3)was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3)was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3)was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) was reported on 13 March 2020 in Addis Ababa (3) . COVIDCOVID COVIDCOVID-19 primarily 19 primarily 19 primarily19 primarily 19 primarily affectaffectaffectaffectaffectaffects the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to the lung parenchyma and it has high rate of human to transmission transmission transmission transmission (5). (5). Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients Thoracic radiology evaluation is often key to the of patients suspected of COVID suspected of COVID suspected of COVID suspected of COVID suspected of COVIDsuspected of COVID-19 infecti 19 infecti 19 infecti19 infecti on (2) . Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection Chest radiograph has lower sensitivity for the detection of of COVIDCOVID COVIDCOVID-19 lung abnormalities lung abnormalities lung abnormalities lung abnormalities lung abnormalities lung abnormalities lung abnormalities when compared to chest CT when compared to chest CT when compared to chest CT when compared to chest CTwhen compared to chest CT when compared to chest CT when compared to chest CT when compared to chest CT which is which is shown to have to have iv reported CT sensitivity of reported CT sensitivity of reported CT sensitivity of reported CT sensitivity of reported CT sensitivity of reported CT sensitivity of reported CT sensitivity of reported CT sensitivity of 98% (7) . Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact Disease severity and timing of imaging appear to impact on the rates of nor on the rates of noron the rates of nor on the rates of nor on the rates of normal baseline imaging. mal baseline imaging. mal baseline imaging. mal baseline imaging. mal baseline imaging. mal baseline imaging.mal baseline imaging.mal baseline imaging. mal baseline imaging.mal baseline imaging. Objective: Objective: Objective:Objective: Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the The aim of this study is to describe the correlation betweencorrelation between correlation between correlation betweencorrelation betweencorrelation between correlation between correlation between correlation between correlation betweencorrelation between chest radiographicchest radiographic chest radiographic chest radiographic chest radiographic chest radiographicchest radiographic chest radiographic chest radiographic and chest CTand chest CT and chest CTand chest CT and chest CT and chest CTand chest CT patternspatternspatterns patternspatterns in patients with in patients with in patients with in patients with in patients with in patients with in patients with RT - PCR PCR PCR PCR confirmed COVIDconfirmed COVID confirmed COVID confirmed COVIDconfirmed COVID confirmed COVIDconfirmed COVID-19 infection 19 infection19 infection 19 infection19 infection 19 infection at Tikur at Tikur at Tikur at Tikur at Tikur Anbessa hospital Anbessa hospital Anbessa hospitalAnbessa hospital. Method:Method:Method: Method: A retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RT A retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RT A retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RT A retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RT A retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RT A retrospective study on RTA retrospective study on RT-PC R confirmed R confirmed R confirmed R confirmed R confirmed COVIDCOVID COVIDCOVID-19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were 19 patients who were seen at seen at seen at seen at seen at seen at seen at Tikur Anbessa specializedTikur Anbessa specialized Tikur Anbessa specialized Tikur Anbessa specialized Tikur Anbessa specialized Tikur Anbessa specializedTikur Anbessa specialized Tikur Anbessa specializedTikur Anbessa specialized hospital and had chest x hospital and had chest x hospital and had chest xhospital and had chest x hospital and had chest x hospital and had chest x hospital and had chest xhospital and had chest xhospital and had chest xhospital and had chest x hospital and had chest x-ray ray and chest CTand chest CT and chest CTand chest CT and chest CT and chest CTand chest CT. The The The chest xchest x chest x chest x-ray ray and and and chest CT will be reviewedchest CT will be reviewed chest CT will be reviewed chest CT will be reviewedchest CT will be reviewedchest CT will be reviewedchest CT will be reviewed chest CT will be reviewedchest CT will be reviewed chest CT will be reviewedchest CT will be reviewed chest CT will be reviewed chest CT will be reviewedchest CT will be reviewed by experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologistby experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologist by experienced consultant radiologist s and and imaging data imaging data imaging data imaging data imaging data imaging data imaging data imaging data will be will bewill be filled separately and images w filled separately and images w filled separately and images w filled separately and images wfilled separately and images wfilled separately and images w filled separately and images wfilled separately and images wfilled separately and images wfilled separately and images w filled separately and images w filled separately and images wfilled separately and images w filled separately and images w filled separately and images which had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings which had differences in the findings w hich had differences in the findings will be ill be ill be ill be reviewed reviewed reviewedreviewed reviewed againagainagainagain with the with the with the consultant consultant consultant radiologists together radiologists together radiologists together radiologists together radiologists together radiologists together. Results Results Results : This study included 62 COVID-19 patients seen at Tikur Anbessa hospital among which 32() were male aand 29() were female. Patient age ranged from 18 – 86 with mean age of 49 years. Majority of the patients 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) 56(90.3%) were symptomatic most of them 40(70.2%) presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. presented with shortness of breath and 36(63.2%) fever. Most of the patients 39(62.9%) have history of known underlying illness. Among the 62 patients 50(80.6%) of the chest x rays and all the 62 CT images were abnormal. The predominant chest infiltrate was GOO seen in 22(44%) of chest x rays and 29(46.8%) of the chest CT images followed by combination of GGO and consolidation seen in 22(35.5%) chest x rays and 22(35.5%) of the chest CT images. Findings were bilateral in 44(88%) of chest x rays and 61(98.4%) of the chest CT images. Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and Peripheral location was the predominant finding in both chest X ray and chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for chest CT images accounting for 36(72%) of the chest X 36(72%) of the chest X 36(72%) of the chest X 36(72%) of the chest X36(72%) of the chest X 36(72%) of the chest X 36(72%) of the chest X36(72%) of the chest X 36(72%) of the chest X 36(72%) of the chest X-rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT rays and 49(79%) of the chest CT images. images. images. images. images. A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest A combination of lower and middle lung involvement is the most common chest radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) radiographic and chest CT location accounting for 25(50%) of the x rays 21(33.9%) of the chest CT images. of the chest CT images.of the chest CT images. of the chest CT images.of the chest CT images. of the chest CT images. of the chest CT images.of the chest CT images.of the chest CT images.of the chest CT images. of the chest CT images.of the chest CT images. of the chest CT images. The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for The abnormalities were predominantly multifocal accounting for 37(74%) of the chest X 37(74%) of the chest X37(74%) of the chest X 37(74%) of the chest X 37(74%) of the chest X37(74%) of the chest X 37(74%) of the chest X -rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images.rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images.rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images.rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images.rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images.rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images.rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. rays and 43(69.4%) of the chest CT images. Conclusion: Conclusion: Conclusion: The predominant chest radiological finding was multi focal ground glass opacity which is bilaterally and peripherally distributed in the lower and middle lungs on both chest X ray and chest CT followed by a combination of ground glass and consolidation
Prevalence of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear And Associated Injuries among Patients who Underwent Knee Magnetic Resonance Imaging at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa University and Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
(Addis Abeba University, 2021-09) Refisa, Eshetu; Dr.Gezahegn, Hiwot (MD, SCR, Assistant Professor of radiology at AAU, MSK Radiologist); Dr.Zenebe, Moges (MD, SCR, Assistant Professor of radiology at AAU, MSK Radiologist); Dr.Mulugeta, Mesfin(MD, SCR, Assistant Professor of radiology at AAU, MSK Radiology Fellow)
The knee joint is prone to injury because of its complexity and weight-bearing function. The Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the one of the most commonly injured knee ligaments and are common in young individuals who participate in sports activities associated with pivoting, decelerating and jumping. However there is shortage of information regarding prevalence of anterior cruciate ligament tear especially in Ethiopia. This is a cross sectional study done to assess prevalence of Anterior Cruciate ligament tear and associated injuries among patients who underwent Knee Magnetic resonance imaging from March 2019 to March 2021 at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital and SPHMMC. SPSS version 26.00 was used for data analysis. The finding showed the knee pain is one of the commonest clinical presentation and joint effusion as well as abnormal T2/PD signal intensity are the common MRI findings of ACL tear. The findings also showed 39.2% the patients had history of trauma of which 17.2% have anterior cruciate ligament tear. Majority (91.6%) of ACL tear were associated with other injuries in the knee joint. Osseous injuries (50%) either contusion or avulsion and Meniscal tears (55.5%) are the commonly associated injuries with ACL tear with the medial meniscus being the commonly affected meniscus. Postero lateral corner injury was also seen in 5.5%, Posterior cruciate ligament injury in 8.3%, medial collateral ligament in 19.4% and associated osseous avulsion fracture is seen in 13.9% of patients with ACL injury. Males (58.3%) are highly affected with ACL tear than females (41.7%).The prevalence of ACL tear is high in young individual with history of falling down accident and twisting injury. Whenever there is ACL injury evaluation for presence and pattern of any other injury in the knee joint is recommended.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients Referred for the Evaluation of Acute Headache to Wudassie Diagnostic Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Abeba University, 2021-10) Solomon, Naomi; Mekonnen, Abebe(MD, Consultant neuroradiologist); Kebede, Tesfaye(MD, Consultant body imaging specialist ); Dr.Bedilu, Wubalem(Consultant radiologist)
Background: There is a lack of research done on imaging findings of acute headache in Ethiopia. Most studies available for cross-reference are done in developed countries and do not take into consideration clinical and epidemiologic factors unique to developing countries. Objective: To determine the most frequent imaging findings in patients presenting with acute headache and understand the association with sociodemographic and clinical factors in Ethiopia. Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was adopted in this study. The brain MRI reports and files of 497 patients who were referred for the evaluation of acute headache (less than or equal to one month duration) to Wudassie Diagnostic Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from January 2016 to September 2018 were analyzed. The demographic variables and the clinical data of the patients were correlated to the imaging findings. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. Results: An analysis of the neurological signs and symptoms showed 38.8% of the patients referred for the evaluation of acute headache had a neurological deficit. 60% of the patients had abnormal MRI findings. Non-specific white matter lesions,(which neither explain the reason for acute headache nor alter patient outcome and management) was the most frequently observed radiologic diagnosis (16%) followed by neoplasms (11%) and infections (8%). Tuberculoma was the most frequently diagnosed infectious cause. The majority of patients with Comorbid illnesses (hypertension and HIV) had abnormal imaging findings. Age had a weak but significant positive correlation with abnormal imaging findings. Conclusions: The majority of patients who presented with acute headache had normal or minor MRI findings. The most frequent clinically significant brain MRI findings were neoplasms and infections. Older age is associated with an increased rate of abnormal imaging findings. The most common infectious cause of acute headache is found to be Tuberculoma. Recommendations: A more detailed clinical history and physical examination should be implemented to properly identify patients who are candidates for neuroimaging. Future large scale studies should be done on the imaging of acute headache in Ethiopia.
Computed Tomography Radiation Exposure among Urinary Tract Stone Patients at Tikuranbessa Specialized Hospital: A Retrospective Study
(Addis Abeba University, 2021-08) Nebiyou, Tensae; Teferi, Seife(Ph.D., medical physicist); Prof.Admassie, Daniel ( professor of Musculoskeletal radiology )
Background: Urinary tract stone is increasing dramatically in recent years so is the diagnostic capability especially after the employment of abdominopelvic CT. The wide use of abdominopelvic CT in the diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow-up of these patients raised the issue of radiation exposure. For this reason, CT protocols that decrease the radiation dose without decreasing the sensitivity and specificity of depicting stone have been implemented. The common of these protocols is low dose CT despite its wide advocation there is wide variation in CT protocols in different institutions. The CT protocol used in our country is not known and there is no national guideline or recommendation for these types of patients, therefore, a wide variety of protocols in different institutions is expected of which some may expose patients to unnecessary radiation. Objectives: To study the amount of radiation dose patients at tikuranbessa specialized hospital patients with urinary tract stone disease receive in being evaluated by abdomen/pelvic CT Methods: a retrospective cross-sectional was done February 1to august 31, 2021, at TASH in patients who had their scan for urolithiasis or symptoms related to urolithiasis 1/07/202031/10/2020 G.C are included until the sample size is attained. Data were collected by the principal investigator with a structured questioner that evaluates the number of CT they had The CT characteristics like DLP CTDvol, date, and place the CT was taken. These data were analyzed by statistical software SPSS version 22 Results: None of our patients have exposure more than 50msv per year or 100msv over 5 years. 3.6% of our patients have radiation exposure of more than 4msv, which is the standard for lowdose CT. The median radiation exposure is 1.27mSv per scan. Exposure factors like tube current, tube current product, dose length product, scan range all have similar values with almost null interquartile range.Tube current product was found to have a statistically significant positive correlation with effective dose.All the scans that overpassed the low dose threshold(4msv) were done outside TASH. Conclusion: Our study showed that TASH’s low dose CT protocol for patients with urolithiasis is well optimized and patients are not being overexposed but even with the limited data we have non-TASH institutions are likely using non-optimized CT scans and patients may be a victim of radiation overexposure for either diagnosis or follow of urolithiasis.
Computed Tomography Patterns of Sinonasal Disease at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital ,Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Institutional based Retrospective Descriptive Cross-sectional Study from November 2019 –July 2021.
(Addis Abeba University, 2021-10) Jegnie, Misganaw; Prof. Assefa, Getachew(Consultant Neuroradiologist); Dr.Endale, Tewodros(Radiologist,Neuroradiology fellow)
Background: Sinonasal disease affects a wide range of population including broad spectrum of diseases both inflammatory conditions, congenital and neoplastic. Since their clinical assessment is fraught by the surrounding bony structures; diagnostic radiology is of paramount importance. This study is aimed at assessing the CT patterns of sinonasal pathologies which is the first study to the best of our knowledge at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess computerized tomography patterns of sinonasal pathologies and patterns of histopathologic findings at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Methods: Institutional based retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital department of radiology. A non-probability convenience sampling technique was employed to include all patients imaged at radiology department for sinonasal diseases during the study period. Data was collected from medical record books and imaging archive system to see the imaging reports of patients’ images from November 2019 – July 2021, using structured data extraction template. The date was collected from June to August 2021. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS 26 statistical software. Ethical clearance was obtained from Ethical Review Committee of the Department of Radiology at Addis Ababa University. Result: A total of 102 patients were included during the study period of which 64(62.7% were males and 38(37.3%) were females with age range of 1 day up to 83 yrs. The mean age was 30.7 + 20.9 years and median age 27.5 years. The most common presentations were nasal discharge 52(50.9 %), and nasal blockage accounting 42(41.2%) Inflammatory etiology is the most common finding accounting 47.1% (N=48) of the cases and malignant masses is the second most common category which accounted 28(27.4 %) of the cases. From those having histology the majority are malignant 25(71.4% N=35). Conclusion: In this study malignant sinonasal pathologies are common next to inflammatory causes. All choanal atresia cases were bilateral. Further prospective study with large number of participants is recommended as this institutional based retrospective study in tertiary center may not represent the general population.
Preoperative Radiologic (CT and MRI) Staging of Rectal Cancer as seen from TASH: A Three- year Descriptive Cross Sectional Study, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
(Addis Abeba University, 2021-10) Sisay, Gulilat; Dr.Getachew, Assefa ( MD,Consultant Radiologist,Body imaging subspecialist and associate professor of Radiology); Dr.Solomon, Haymet(Body imaging fellow)
Background: Rectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and its incidence is reported to be increasing in resource-limited countries, probably due to the acquisition of a western lifestyle. The preoperative radiological stage also has been suggested to be correlated with the prognosis of colon cancer and helps in guiding specific treatments. However, information regarding imaging of rectal cancer in Ethiopia is limited. The main aim of the study was to assess the preoperative imaging staging of Rectal cancer and correlating with pathologic stage in TASH. Method: Institutional based descriptive cross sectional study conducted at TASH Addis Ababa, Ethiopia for the duration of 2018-2021. The Study was conducted among histologically proven rectal cancer patients at TASH and that have complete staging work up before treatment initiation during the study period. Data was collected from the operation room logbook, Oncology center cancer registry logbook, patient medical records and PACS for the images. The data was checked for clarity and completeness. Computerized data analysis was conducted by using SPSS version 25 software. Results: A total of 247 rectal cancer patients were enrolled in the study among which males were 123 and females 124 with median age of patients at presentation of 44 years. The majority of patients (99.6%) presented late with advanced stages (stage II-IV). Lymph node and distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis was recorded in 79.3% and 21% of cases, respectively. Liver was the most common site of distant metastasis. The low rectum was the most frequent anatomical site involved and all were adenocarcinoma (100%) by histology. Mucinous and signet ring carcinomas accounted for 16 (6.5%) and 18 (7.3%) patients, respectively. Overall accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of MRI was better than MDCT in local staging of rectal cancer. Conclusions: Rectal cancer is not uncommon in our country and shows a trend towards a relative young age at diagnosis and the majority of patients present late with advanced stage. There is a need for screening of high-risk populations, early diagnosis and appropriate staging work up for a patient, which guides treatment options. Promoting the use of MRI for local staging than MDCT that has high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity.
Reference Diameters of the Abdominal Aorta and Common Lliac Arteries in Ethiopian Adults on Abdominal CT: A Facility-based Cross-sectional Study
(Addis Abeba University, 2020-12) Belay, Fetahi Minichil; Kebede, Tesfaye (MD, Abdominal Imaging Subspecialist, Asst. Professor of Radiology); Teklesilassie, Henok(MD, Asst. Professor of Surgery)
Background: Aortic and common iliac artery diameters are best indicators for diagnosis of aortic ectasia and aneurysm, and appropriate selection of stent graft size for endovascular procedures. Currently, there is lack of evidence regarding abdominal aorta and common iliac artery diameter in Ethiopian adults. Objective: To assess mean diameter and associated factors of abdominal aorta and common iliac artery diameters on abdominal CT scans of Ethiopian adults visiting Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Convenience nonprobability sampling method was employed. Data were collected from consecutive eligible adults who came for abdominal CT scans in study period, using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. The data was cleaned and analysed using SPSS version 22. Student t-test and Pearson correlation were used for statistical analysis. Results: There were 136 study participants and 50 (40.4%) of participants were males and 81(59.6%) were females. Age of participants ranged from 23 up to 77 with mean age of 48.5 ± 13 years. The mean transverse diameter of the aorta at aortic hiatus (T12) level was 2.30 ± 0.25cm in males and 2.03 ± 0.19 m in females. The mean transverse diameter of suprarenal aorta was 2.04 ± 0.21cm in males and 1.83 ± 0.21 cm in females. Those individuals of male sex, increased age, larger BSA, and alcohol consumption were having larger diameters. Conclusion: In this study, Diameter of aorta and common iliac artery was significantly associated with age, sex, BSA, and alcohol consumption.
Prevalence and Associated factors of Acute Kidney Injury among Postoperative Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021
(Addis Abeba University, 2021-11) Regassa, Eyasu; Dr.Birhanu, Tseganesh (Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Critical care and Pain medicine); Dr. Tilahun, Rahel(Assistant Professor Signature of Anesthesiology, Critical care and Pain medicine Consultant, Cardiothoracic Anesthesiologist,)
Background: Postoperative AKI in critically ill patients carries significant morbidity and mortality yet it is understudied in Sub-Saharan countries. This study aims to assess the prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of AKI in postoperative patients requiring ICU care. Methods: Single center study of 152 patients in a 1 year retrospective analytic study in patients ≥ 14years old with no underlying CKD. It is conducted in ICU of the largest teaching specialized hospital in Ethiopia which has 6 beds dedicated to non-cardiac surgical patients. Results: Overall prevalence of AKI was 23.7% (36) be KDIGO criteria of which 17(47.2%) were stage 1, 11(30.6%) were stage 2 and 8(22.2%). Independent predictors of AKI were surgeries outside gastrointestinal and cardiothoracic surgery (0.024(0.03-0.385)0.08), emergency surgery (OR: 11.5(1.343-98.69)), Estimated blood loss >1500ml (OR: 10.418(2.01678.183)0.023), Conclusion: AKI is highly prevalent among patients admitted to ICU postoperatively. It is associated with increased length of ICU stay. Its predictors are cardiothoracic and gastrointestinal surgery, higher estimated blood loss and emergency surgery.
Assessment of Diagnostic Performance of Saline Sonourethrography in the Evaluation of Male Anterior Urethral stricture in Black Lion Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Abeba University, 2021-10) Feleke, Endale; Getachew, Assefa ( Body imaging subspecialist and associate professor of Radiology)
Introduction Purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of saline Sonourethrography (SUG) in detection and evaluation of male anterior urethral strictures compared with retrograde urethrography (RUG). Anterior male urethral stricture disease is a major health problem representing a significant part of the workload of the radiologist and urologist. Its management remains a challenge to both the urologist and the patients. The appropriate choice of management of anterior urethral stricture depends largely on a reasonable, safe and high diagnostic yield of preoperative imaging methods. Methods Hospital based prospective cross-sectional study was used at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital from October 2020 – September 2021. The study participants were all patients on work up for clinically suspected anterior urethral stricture that came to urology department & radiology department at TASH. There were a total of 44 patients involved in this study. Data was collected directly by interviewing the patients and as well as by reviewing Salinesonourethrography and retrograde urethrography imaging’s done for the patients using a structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed using SPSS software and results were presented using text, tables and graphs. The results of both methods (Salinesonourethrography and Retrograde urethrography) were compared. Retrograde Urethrography was considered as the gold standard for this comparison. Result In 68.18% of the patients (30 patients) anterior urethral stricture was identified by retrograde urethrography. Most of the patients with anterior urethral stricture were in the age group of 41-60 years (41.9%). The two most common presenting symptoms were weak stream and dysuria each comprising 38.7% and 32.3% respectively. The most common site of stricture was bulbar urethra and the most frequent length of stricture was short segment stricture. Moderate degree of Spongiofibrosis was the mostly identified degree of Spongiofibrosis. The sensitivity and specificity of SSU were 86.66% and 92.85% respectively and the PPV and NPV were 96.29% and 76.47% respectively.
CT scan evaluation normal liver, spleen, and kidney size parameters in adults at TASH, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: an institutional-based cross-sectional prospective study
(Addis Abeba University, 2021-10) Befkad, Demsew; Kebede, Tesfaye(MD, body imaging subspecialist, Associate professor of radiology @ CHS-AAU)
Introduction: Liver, spleen, and kidney size can be affected by different diseases so, wellestablished measurements of the actual size of those organs are mandatory. Computed tomography is one imaging modality that measures the sizes of the internal organs accurately. Objective: The main aim of this study was to determine the normal liver, spleen, and kidneys size parameters and their correlation with demographic factors on abdominal CT scans in adultswho visited TASH, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Methods: a prospective hospital-based cross-sectional study was done from June 24-December 28, 2020 in adults who visited TASH. Non-probability, the convenience study design was used. Data were collected from consecutive eligible adults who came for abdominal CT scans in the study period, using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. A total of 1008 abdominopelvicCT was examined and 164 adults (117 for liver, 124 for kidney, and 147 for spleen)were selected for this study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.Different linear measurements of the liver, spleen, and kidneys were taken and the volume of those organs was calculated from the linear measurements. The data was cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. Student t-test and Pearson correlation were used to perform statistical analysis and the results were presented using tables and figures. Results:The mean volume of the liver, spleen, right kidney, and left kidney were 1089.33 cm3 ± 257.73 mc3, 195.82 cm3 ± 84.72 cm3, 106.62±28.88 cm3, and 115.02 ±28.51 cm3 respectively. The mean maximum CC length, MHP CC length, the MHP AP diameter, and the maximum transverse diameter of the liver were found to be 14.88 ±1.94, 10.21± 1.73, 14.99 ±1.85, and 15.71 ± 2.19 respectively. The mean maximum length, width, and thickness of the spleen were 9.53 ± 1.53, 9.10±1.42, and 4.18 ± 0.91 respectively. The mean maximum length, width, and depth of the kidneywere 9.83±1.02, 4.66±0.56, & 4.48±0.47 and 13±1.04, 4.84±0.58, & 4.43±0.49 on the right and left side respectively. The volume of the liver, the right kidney, and the left kidney were positively correlated with the height, weight, BMI, and BSA of patients. Splenic volume was also positively correlated with the weight, height, and BSA of the participants. The age of the patients was significantly negatively correlated with the liver and left kidney volume. Conclusion:The mean volume of the liver, spleen, and kidney were highly correlated with body habitus including height, weight, and BSA. There was a significant decrement in the size of the liver and kidney with aging.
Barium Enema – Pathology correlation in Hirschsprung’s disease at TASH & Menelik II Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Abeba University, 2021-10) Kebede, Abenezer; Zewdneh, Daniel (MD, Professor of Radiology); Gorfu, Yocabel (MD, Ass. Professor of Radiology); Sissay, Samuel (MD, Consultant Radiologist)
Background: Hirschsprung’s disease is a common cause of pediatric intestinal obstruction. It’s a developmental disorder characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses of the distal intestine resulting in functional obstruction. Barium enema is a simple and primary study for the evaluation of clinically suspected Hirschsprung’s disease. Aim:To review the diagnostic performance of barium enema examinations for the investigation of Hirschsprung’s disease. Methods: Institution based prospective cross-sectional study at Tikur Anbessa Specialized - & Menelik II Hospitals was done with clinically HD suspected patients who have a barium enema & biopsy during the study period, September 2020 to August 2021. Convenience sampling technique was used. Results: A total of 28 cases were evaluated during the study period all having a barium enema & biopsy result, of whom 18 were males & 10 were females. The minimum & maximum ages at presentation were 10 days & 10 years respectively with the median age being 11 months. Constipation was the most commonly present clinical symptom followed by abdominal distension & delayed meconium passage which was found in 50% of the participants. The overall sensitivity, specificity & accuracy of barium enema was 95%, 71.4 %, & 88.8 % respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 90%, 71.4 %, 90% and 71.4 % respectively for recto-sigmoid index in barium enema. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 85 %, 85.7%, 94.4% and 66.7 % respectively for transitional zone. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 75%, 100%, 100% and 58.3 % respectively for irregular contraction detected in barium enema. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 35%, 100%, 100% and 35 % respectively for mucosal irregularity detected in barium enema. Conclusion: The accuracy of barium enema for the diagnosis of HSD was 88.8 % & hence barium enema can be used as a reliable primary diagnostic modality for HSD. Irregular contraction & mucosal irregularity were the most specific findings whereas inverted recto sigmoid index & transition zone had a comparably higher sensitivity.
The Sensitivity of Chest CT for the Diagnosis of Covid-19 Pneumonia and Imaging Patterns as Seen on Chest CT :A Crossectional Prospective Study Done in Addis Ababa
(Addis Abeba University, 2021) Assefa, Ermias; Dr.Kebede, Tesfaye (MD,Consultant Radiologist, Subspecialist in body imaging); Dr.Gissila, Azmera(MD, Consultant Radiologist, Subspecialist in chest and cardiac imaging); Dr. Worku, Aschalew(MD, , Internist, Pulmonary and Critical Care Physician)
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus designated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The infection widely and rapidly spread all over the world with significant impacts upon the sociopolitical milieu and healthcare delivery systems. On 11 March 2020 COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by WHO (2) and on March 13, 2020, the first confirmed COVID-19 case was reported in Ethiopia. The clinical presentation spectrum varies and includes mild to moderate symptoms, severe symptoms, and critical illness. (2) Although RT PCR test has been considered to be the gold standard, chest imaging especially has an adjunct role not only in the diagnosis but in the assessment of the severity of the disease and identification of complications. (3) Identification of the typical imaging pattern and degree of involvement is important to guide and plan treatment. Objective: The study was conducted to assess the sensitivity of chest CT scan as compared to the standard RT PCR for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and also to determine the different chest CT imaging patterns and severity of COVID-19 pneumonia. Method: A crossectional study was conducted based on data collected from different diagnostic centers and treatment centers from July 1, 2021, to October 1, 2021. The chest CT of the patients was reviewed and a structured questionnaire was filled on a Google form sheet. The data were exported and analyzed on SPSS version 26. Result: Among a total of 193 patients included in this study, 116 (60.1%) were males and 77 (39.9%) were females with a mean (SD) age of 50±14.2 years. Among patients for whom data regarding previously known comorbidities was available hypertension and diabetes mellitus accounted for 26 (61.9%), and 25 (59.5%) respectively. Of 107 patients whose presenting complaints were available, cough was the most common complaint seen in 82 (76%) of the patients, followed by shortness of breath in 65 (60.7%), chest pain in 36 (33.6%), and fatigue in 26 (24.3%). Using the RT PCR result as a gold standard the sensitivity, and specificity of chest CT were found to be 82.9 % and 16.7% respectively. The chest CT distribution showed that 95.9% of the cases were bilateral and 51.3 % had a peripheral distribution. Among the typical chest CT patterns, 157(83%) of the CT images showed GGO, 152(80.4%) consolidation, and 68(35.4%) showed broncho-vascular thickening. The mean chest CT severity score was 13.6±6.2 and 95 (49.2%) patients had a score of >18 (severe). A positive correlation was identified between CT severity score with age and diabetes with a P-value < 0.01. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that chest CT has a high sensitivity (82.9%) in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. Ground glass opacity, consolidation, and bronchovascular thickening were the predominant features seen with a predominant bilateral, basal, and peripheral distribution. The study also revealed chest CT severity score is positively correlated with age and comorbidity of DM.
Cross-sectional Study of Aortic Arch Branching, Patterns and Anomlies ,in Pediatric Patients Evaluated at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital ,Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A two-year Retrospective Study
(Addis Abeba University, 2021-10) Tasishu, Berihu; Zewdineh, Daniel(MD, Professor of Radiology, AAU College of Health Sciences,TASH, Department of Radiology); Gorfu, Yocabel(Assistant Professor of Radiology, AAU College of Health Sciences, TASH, Department of Radiology); Oumer, Fetiha(MD, Assistant Professor of Radiology, AAU College of Health Sciences, TASH, Department of Radiology ); Zeray, Abrhet( MD, Assistant Professor of Radiology College of Health Sciences, TASH, Department of Radiology)
Background: The Development of the Aorta is a complex process which starts at the 3 rd week of gestation. And this complex process can be susceptible to a variety of congenital variants and pathologic anomalies. knowledge of this anatomical variations may be significant when performing surgical and radiologistinterventionist procedures, raising the probability of mistakes, adverse effects, and even fatal outcomes Objective:the objective of the study is to Evaluated the pattern of Aortic Arch anomalies seen in Pediatric Patientsat Black Lion Hospital. Methods:A Retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at TASH, college of health science in patients who had post contrast chest CT from January 2019 to January 2021. Results:A Total of 448 children were included in the study and 270(60.3%) were male and 178 (39.7%) were female. And Ages of the participants ranged from 1 to 14 years of age with a mean of 6.4 ± 3.79 years. The most common aortic branching pattern that was seen in study was the Type A branching pattern with 320 (72.2 %), Followed by the Type B1 pattern with 80 (18.1%)patients. Conclusion: Variation and anomalies of the aortic arch are common findings and knowledge about the different types of aortic arch anomalies is important for properpre surgical planning.
Brain Imaging Evaluation of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunting and Complication at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Abeba University, 2021-10) Ahmed, Akrem Duri; Dr. S, Amal (MD, Ass. Prof. Of radiology, Neuroradiologist, Department of Radiology); Dr.G, Tesfayea (MD, Neuroradiology fellow Department of Radiology)
Background: Hydrocephalus is an abnormal accumulation of CSF in the central nervous system by different pathologic causes. Abnormal CSF accumulation causes a rise of intracranial pressure and results in catastrophic complications unless treated. The management focused on reliving raised intracranial pressure using different methods and one of the commonly used methods is a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Our study direction was to assess brain image evaluation of ventriculoperitoneal shunt using different imaging. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, on all patients who had a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, and brain imaging was reviewed from 15 Jun 2017 to 2 Mar 2021 G.C. Data Review of medical records and all the images in the study population during the study period was carried out. Information on socio-demographic characters, indication for shunting, imaging finding, and related complication were reviewed, using data collected by using structured questionnaires and image analysis. Data were compiled and analyzed using SPSS 23.0 computer software and presented using tables, graphs, and figures. Result: In 60 patients we study the age of the participants ranges from 1 month to 55 years, with a mean of 20.8, and a median of 19. The sex distribution showed 22(36.1%) females and 38(63.9%) were males. Post-op CT images done in the study period were 45(75%), and shunt tip grading analysis showed grade two shunt tip of 28(46.7%) and grade one in 19(31.6%). Fiftyfour (90%) causes of Hydrocephalus were neoplasm, three (5%) congenital, and one (1.6%) meningitis. Complications we identified in our study were 12(20%) intracranial hemorrhage, four (6.7%) ventriculitis, and five (8.3%) pneumocephalus. Conclusion: Our study showed, most patients had no imaging evaluation after VPS procedure, and common imaging used where pre-contrast CT. A common indication for VPS insertion was neoplasm. Complications related to VPS in our study are commonly caused by intracranial hemorrhage.
Attitude, practice, and barriers in Academic research among Radiology residents in Ethiopia,a cross sectional survey
(Addis Abeba University, 2021-09) Dandena, Abdi; Dr.Kebede, Tesfaye(Body imaging subspecialist)
Background: Radiology has become one of the most sought out residency program in the country attracting highly talented qualified candidates from all over the country.the objective of the study was to determine the attitude, practice and barriersof radiology residents towards academic research Method:A descriptive cross sectional survey was conducted across all five institutions currently giving radiology residency programs in the country the survey was carried out from 12/16/2020 to 12/12/2021. Using a questionaries’ that were distributed to the residents online using google docs. Results:.There were at total of 120 radiology residents participated in the study. 93(77.5%) of the participants were male while the rest 27 (22.5%) were female. With the mean age of the participants was 30 years of age. Out of the 120 residents only 6 (5%) of them have published a research paper and from the residents with previous publication only three had more than one publication. 92.6% of the respondents were found to have a positive attitude towards academic research. Some of the major barrier to research identified by the study were the lack of time due to heavy workload which was an issue for 99(85.3%) of the residents, followed by lack of Training course 78(67.2%), inadequate Mentor Support 63(54.3%), inadequate financial support 60(51.7%). Conclusions: The study has showed that the overall attitude of radiology residents across the country towards academic research was positive but the practice of the residents in various academic research activities was found to be low.The authors recommend that all the stakeholders in radiology post graduate education to encourage residents in their academic pursuits by providing the necessary time and resources needed to perform quality research
Imaging Pattern of Brain Metastasis of all Patients with Known Primary Malignancies Presented to Radiology Department at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from September 2018– September 2020.
(Addis Abeba University, 2020-12) Mekonnen, Menbere; Debebe, Tequam (MD, Associate Professor of Radiology); Assefa, Getachewu(MD, Professor of Radiology)
Background: Brain metastasis is one of the leading causes of death in cancer patients due to increasing the options of treatment for primary tumors and increasing life span. Brain metastases have different radiological manifestations which may mimic primary tumor and nonmalignant diseases. Therefore, it is important for the radiologist to be familiar with the full spectrum of findings to facilitate correct diagnosis and this study has tried to look for the pattern of brain metastasis. Objective: This study aimed to assess the overall brain metastasis patterns. Methods: A retrospective cross sectional study of 51 patients was done from September 2018-September 2020. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data for analysis. Results: Of the total 51 cases there were 12 primary sites and the majority cases came from the following site in the descending orders breast (22),lung (11),bladder(4),GTD(3),RCC,STS and thyroid each(2) and colonic, endometrial ca melanoma, nasal SCC and thymic ca each (1) Cerebral hemisphere was the commonest site to be involved followed by cerebellum and brain stem. Most common pattern of metastasis was multiple nodular followed by solitary, hemorrhagic, cystic and cavitary Conclusion: cerebral hemisphere metastasis was the commonest brain parts with multinodular pattern and ring enhancement with associated perilesional edema and presence of diffusion restriction for more than half cases
A Correlation Study of Imaging Patterns and Intra-operative Findings with Histopathology of Spinal Tumors at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa Ethiopia
(Addis Abeba University, 2020-11) Tewodros, Maihder; Saleh, Amal(MD, Neuroradiologist, Assistant Professor); Gizaw, Tesfaye(MD, Radiologist, Neuroradiology fellow, Assistant Professor)
Background: - Spinal cord tumors constitute 10-32% of all primary central nervous system tumors (1, 2). Spinal tumors are classified based on their location as extradural and intradural. Intradural tumors are classified as extra medullary and intramedullary depending on involvement of substance of the spinal cord. There are different radiological modalities used to evaluate spinal tumors but MRI is by far superior to all. Accurate radiologic and histopathology diagnosis is crucial in deciding the type of management a patient should undergo and to ensure a good prognosis. At times Intraoperative and histopathology finding of spinal lesions turn out to be different from the type diagnosed by radiologic investigation modalities. Therefore, this study aims to determine the correlation of imaging pattern of spinal tumors with that of intra-operative and histopathology findings. Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess correlation between imaging pattern and intraoperative findings with histopathology of spinal tumors at Tikur Anbessa Hospital and Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A facility based retrospective cross-sectional study of 47 patients was done from May 2018 to October 2020. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data for analysis. Results: - Out of the 47 cases, intradural extra medullary tumors constituted 37 cases (78%) followed by extradural tumors which constituted 6 cases (12.8 %) and the third being intramedullary tumors which constituted4 cases (9.2%). Of all the cases the commonest pathology was schwannoma 13 cases (27.7%) followed by meningioma 12 cases (25.5%). Schwannomas were more common in males and meningioma was more common in females. Of all the 47 cases, 27 cases (57.4%) were located in the Thoracic level followed by cervical level 9 cases (19.1%). Among 17 cases for which bone involvement was mentioned in the report, 10 cases (21.3%) showed adjacent bone involvement with the commonest change being lytic changes seen in 4 cases (8.5%). Among 33 cases for which presence or absence of syrinx were mentioned on the report, 28 cases (59.6%) did not have syrinx. Out of the 47 cases, 12 cases (25.5%) did not have a definite intraoperative diagnosis, and from the remaining cases with definite intra-operative diagnosis 21 cases (44.6 %) correlated with the imaging diagnosis and 14 cases (29.7%) were in a disagreement. The correlation of imaging diagnosis with that of histopathology diagnosis 61.7% were in agreement and 38.3 % were in disagreement. From the cases that had intra-operative diagnosis, 42.6 % were in agreement and 31.9 % were in disagreement with histo-pathology diagnosis.
Retrospective analysis of computed tomography patterns of hemorrhagic stroke and their associated risk factors.
(Addis Abeba University, 2021) Berhanu, Hermella; Dr. Gizaw, Tesfaye(MD, Radiologists, fellow in Nueroradiology,Assistant professor); Dr. Mekonen, Abebe(MD, senior consultant radiologists, subspecialty in Nueroradiology,Assistant professor )

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