Browsing by Author "Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)"
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Item Gender Difference in Mathematics Achievement as A Function of Math Self efficacy and Spatial Visualization Among Guji Zone Ninth Grade Students(Addis Ababa University, 2006-02) Wubshet, Samson; Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)The major purposes of this study were to examine gender difference in mathematics achievement as a fun ction of math self-efficacy and spatial visualization and the effects of the latter two (predictor) variables on math performance. A math achievement test, a math self-efficacy scale, and a spatial visuali zation test were administered to a random sample of 196 female and 198 male ninth grade students from four high schools of Gujji Administrative Zone. Then the data were analyzed using t-test, correlation analysis, and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Analysis of the mean differences disclosed statistically significant gender differences (at .01 level) in favor of males in all the va riables (math selfefficacy, spatial ability, and math achievement). The results of the correlation analysis unraveled that math self-efficacy had significantly stronger relationship to math achievement than that of spatial visualization. According to the stepwise multiple regression, as depicted by coefficients of multiple determination (R squared), the predictor variables had significant joint effect on the criterion variable. Of this total effect, much of the variance in performance was accounted for by gender followed by math self-efficacy. On the other hand, the results of the analysis of covariance showed that after statistically controlling the effects of math self-efficacy and spatial visualization , gender difference in math achievement was still significant. However the overall effect of gender, prior to controlling the two covariates, was significantly reduced . It was concluded that these differential math achievements between boys and girls were not only due to differences in their self-efficacy and spatial abilities but also due to other potential factors accounting for differences in mathematics learning of male and female students. Paying attention to gender difference in math achievement and to the factors (cog nitive and non-cognitive), that cou ld potentially affect students' mathematics learning, in the teaching learn ing process; understanding students' self-confidence in mathematical capability and taking remedial measures for extremely high or low self-efficacy beliefs; and improving the students spatial vis ualizations through educational interventions are among the practical implications of the present study.Item Gender Difference in Mathematics Achievement As A Function of Math Self-Efficacy and Spatial Visualization Among Guji Zone Ninth Grade Students(Addis Ababa University, 2006-02) Wubshe, Samson; Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)The major purposes of this study were to examine gender difference in mathematics achievement as a function of math self-efficacy and spatial visualization and the effects of the latter two (predictor) variables on math performance. A math achievement test, a math self-efficacy scale, and a spatial visualization test were administered to a random sample of 196 female and 198 male ninth grade students from four high schools of Gujji Administrative Zone. Then the data were analyzed using t-test, correlation analysis, and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Analysis of the mean differences disclosed statistically significant gender differences (at .01 level) in favor of males in all the variables (math selfefficacy, spatial ability, and math achievement). The results of the correlation analysis unraveled that math self-efficacy had significantly stronger relationship to math achievement than that of spatial visualization. According to the stepwise multiple regression, as depicted by coefficients of multiple determination (R squared), the predictor variables had significant joint effect on the criterion variable. Of this total effect, much of the variance in performance was accounted for by gender followed by math self-efficacy. On the other hand , the results of the analysis of covariance showed that after statistically controlling the effects of math self-efficacy and spatial visualization, gender difference in math achievement was still significant. However the overall effect of gender, prior to controlling the two covariates, was significantly reduced. It was concluded that these differential math achievements between boys and girls were not only due to differences in their self-efficacy and spatial abilities but also due to other potential factors accounting for differences in mathematics learning of male and female students. Paying attention to gender difference in math achievement and to the factors (cognitive and non-cognitive), that could potentially affect students' mathematics learning, in the teaching learning process; understanding students' self-confidence in mathematical capabil ity and taking remedial measures for extremely high or low self-efficacy beliefs; and improving the students spatial visualizations through educational interventions are among the practical implications of the present study.Item Implementation of Continuous Assessment in Tvet Colleges of South Wollo Zone: Problems and Prospects(Addis Ababa University, 2009-06) Tsega, Tilahun; Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)The purpose of this study was to assess the practice of continuous assessment in TVET colleges of South Wollo zone. 134 te achers and officials of Combolcha and W/Siheen TVET colleges participated in the study. Questionnaire, interviews, focus group discussion, reviews of documents and informal supervision were employed to gather data . Qualitative and quantitative methods (percentage/ proportion and indepe ndent group t-test), methods were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that teachers require additional training to implement continuous assessment. The assessment approach in the colleges was traditional type. There was no significant attitudinal difference towards the implementation of continuous assessment among experienced and less experienced as well as among teachers who had additional duty post and those who did not have. Poor training of teachers, material scarcity, lack of teachers' commitment, and violation of the colleges' legislation were the major factors that affect the proper implementation of continuous assessment. Measures such as conducting refreshing courses for teachers and keeping the class size to the standard as specified in the legislation may be taken to alleviate the problems.Item Interrelationships of Approach to Studying, Time Management Skill, Motivation and Academic Performance among Mizan-Tepi University Students(Addis Ababa University, 2010-06) Hambisa, Mitiku; Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)The maj or purpose of this study was to examine interrelationships of approach to studying, time management skill, motivation and academic performance. Questionnaire and interview were used to gather data from a random sample of 220 (103 male and 117 female) second year Mizan-Tepi University students. Correlational and regression analysis, factor analysis, ANOV A and t-test were used to analyze quantitative data. Statistically significant relations were found among approach to studying, time management skill and academic performance (P<.01). Approach to studying, time management skill and motivation accounted for the largest proportion of the variance (Adjusted R2 = .28) in academic performance. Regardless of gender, ANOV A revealed statistically significant difference in academic performance between deep and surface, and intrinsic motivation and amotivation predominant students. Also students who were predominant in making and following a schedule and in organized use of their time obtained significantly higher COP As than those who tended to procrastinate. Results of data obtained through interview indicated that the students adopted the strategic approach to studying more often, varied in their time management skills and had self-determined motivational orientation. It was concluded that approach to studying, time management skill and motivation were closely related variables that play vital roles in academic performance. Practical implications of the findings were discussed.Item Occupational Stress, Control and Income: Their Relation With the Psychological Well-Being of Employed Women(Addis Ababa University, 2006-06) Ashagrle, Teshwal; Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)The mam objective of this study was to examme the relationship between occupational characteristics and psychological well-being of employed women. In light of this objective, 15 organizations, 18 occupation and 180 employed women were selected by convenient and pervasive sampling technique (150 for questioner and 30 for interview). In order to ensure fair representations of employed women, they were categorized based on their geographical location (20 from each sub-city). Quantitative analyses were used to analyze the data obtained through the questionnaires. To investigate the relationship correlations were performed. To explore the predictive power regressIOns analysis was used. To find out the group differences independent sample T-test was used. Alpha value of 0.01 was used for significance tests in this study. More over, all quantitative analysis were done using SPSS 12.The information from the interview was categorized in themes and analyzed using qualitative methods. Given our findings, it seems warranted that Stress has a negative and control has a positive significant relationship with the psychological well-being of employed women but not income. Among them, Control is a strong predictor of employed women's psychological well being. And ages, marital status, numbers of children and educational level have a relationship with psychological well-being of employed women. Among them, educational level is a strong predictor of employed women's psychological well being. There is also a difference in psychological well-being between married and un-married employed women i.e. married employed women have better psychological wellbeing than unmarried employed women .More over the coping mechanisms used by employed women are their own, not something they got from professional support.Item Occupational Stress, Control and Income: Their Relation With The Psychological Well-Being of Employed Women(Addis Ababa University, 2006-06) Ashagrie, Teshwal; Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)The main objective of this study was to examme the relationship between occupational characteristics and psychological well-being of employ ed women. In light of this objective, 15 organizations, 18 occupation and 180 employed women were selected by convenient and pervasive sampling technique (150 for questioner and 30 for interview). In order to ensure fair representation s of employed women, they were categorized based on their geographical location (20 from each sub-city). Quantitative analyses were used to analyze the data obtained through the questionnaires. To investigate the relation ship corre lation s were performed. To explore the predictive power regressIOns analysis was used. To find out the group differences independent sample T-test was used. Alpha value of 0.01 was used for significance tests in this study. More over, all quantitative analysis were done using SPSS 12.The information from the interview was categorized in themes and analyzed using qualitative methods. Given our findings, it seems warranted that Stress has a negative and control has a positive significant relationship with the psychological well-being of employ ed women but not income. Among them, Control is a strong predictor of employed women's psychological well being. And ages, marital status, numbers of children and educational level have a relationship with psychological well-being of employed women. Among them, educational level is a strong predictor of employed women's psychological well being. There is also a difference in psychological well-being between married and un-married employed women i.e. married employed women have better psychological wellbeing than unmarried employed women .More over the coping mechanisms used by employed women are their own, not something they got from professional support.Item Perceived Psychological aI'.d Health Consequences of Some Selected Harmful Traditional Practices on Children in Ethiopia: The Case of Sululta Mulo District(Addis Ababa University, 2007-03) Angassa, Tesfaye; Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)This study examined the psychological and health consequences of harmful traditional practices (HTPs) on children in Ethiopia with specific references to Sululta Mulo District. The instruments used to collect the data were questionnaire, focus group discussion (FGD) and interview. Hundred household heads for questionnaire, six participants in the FGD, and ten interviewees were involved in the study. In selecting the representative sample, stratified random sampling technique was employed. Descriptive statistics, chi-square and percentage were employed to analyze the collected data. The results of the study revealed that the magnitude/ prevalence/ of female genital mutilation, marriage by abduction and corporal punishment is high. Where as the prevalence of early marriage is moderate. The findings also indicated that although the population accepted the practices for different reasons, neither of the practices are beneficial rather they have negative effects on the psychological and health conditions of children. Moreover, the results showed that exercising HTPs on children is the violation of the fundamental rights of human beings. Finally, it is recommended that intensive intervention activities should be done by governmental and non-governmental organizations to reduce HTPS.Item Predictive Validity of the Selection Criteria for Teacher Education College (10+3) Regular Program Students: The Case of Hawassa College of Teacher Education(Addis Ababa University, 2010-06) Laelago, Tamire; Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)The purpose of this study was to assess the predictive validity of the selection criteria used for (10+3) Teacher Education Colleges. 167 boys and 126 girls were randomly selected (/i'om 453 boys and 345 girls) to participate in the study. EGSECE GPA, Transcript average, result of Entrance exam, Sex, and cumulative GP A of third year students were collected from the participants' personal file. Descriptive statistics, Pearson Product correlation coefficient, multiple and stepwise regression analyses were employed to analyze the data. The results indicated statistically significant relations (at .05 level) between the predictor variables and the criterion variable. A statistically significant intercorrelalion was found among the components of the selection criteria for all groups other than Aesthetics. EGSECE GPA was found to be the best predictor of College GPA, while sex failed to be a predictor of College GP A. II was concluded that the selection criteria had different predictive power for males, females, and various fields of study. Practical implications of the findings are discussed. For example, the greatest weight/ proportion should be assigned to EGSECE GP A given the findings of this study.Item Psychosocial Experiences of Teachers of Children with Special Needs in and Outside the School Setting(Addis Ababa University, 2006-06) Admas, Fantahun; Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)This study attempted to examine the psychosocial expenences of teachers of children with special needs in and outside the school setting. The questionnaire was distributed among 40 (28 females and 12 males) available teachers and interview was h e ld with 9 (5 females and 4 males) randomly selected teachers from nine governmental schools in Addis Ababa. Qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis · were employed to analyze the data. The results indicated that commitme nt was the most important predictor of turnover intention of teachers of children with special needs. Female teachers showed satisfaction, commitment and intention to stay in the profession than their male colleagues. On the average, teachers of children with special needs experienced high stress, have commitment and intention to stay in the profession. In addition, teachers reported lack of professional development, low salary and low status of the profession in the society as discouraging factors and satisfaction with the change (progress) in children with special needs, children's love for their teachers and interest in teaching as factors that help teachers to stay in the profession. Teachers of children with special needs experienced less positive and more negative expenences in and outside the school setting. Most teachers, however, appear to be interested in serving children with special needs. Implications of the results are discussed and re commendations are also indicated.Item Psychosocial Factors Influencing Academic Achievement of South Tigray High School Students(Addis Ababa University, 2006-06) Aregay, Getachew; Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)This study was made to find out the mo st important psychoso cial variables [father involvement. mother involvement, mother education, father education, academic self concept, parental self-concept, social self-concept, general se lf- co ncept, and socioeconomic status of parsons] that affect the academic achievement of South Tigray Senior Secondary school students. The sample was formed of 255 senior secondary school students currently studying in two government schools [Tilahun Yigzaw Senior Secondary School and Korem Senior Secondary school} of which 163 were Males, and 92 were Females. Multiple regre ssion and step-wise regression analysis was em ployed to find the contrib ution of each predictor variables in predicting academic achievement of students. The result of multiple regression and step-wise regre ss ion analys is indicates that academic self-concep t, father involvement, and parental self-co nce pt have significant and positive effect on academic achievement of students. The proportion of variance in academic achievement by the three predictor variables was 43.5 %, 12.4%, and 6.9% . respectively. The combined effect of the three predictor variables has 68% variance in academic achievement. The result indicates th at all th e above mentioned psychoso cial variable s correlate positively with academic achievement. But, the co rrelation between academic se lf . concept, father involvement, and parental self-concept co rrelates more stro ngly with academic achievement, p< .05. The result suggests in this particular study educational int ervention strategies geared to raise academic achievement would probably be more lik ely to succeed if they focus on en hance men t of academic self-con cept, parental self-concept of students and, parental involvement.Item The Relations P Among Perception of Mathematics Classroom Environment, Intrinsic Motivation, and Academic Achievement: The Case of First Year Students in Faculty of Science, Addis Ababa University(Addis Ababa University, 2009-05) Hagos, Negasi; Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship among perception of mathematics classroom environment, mathematics intrinsic motivation, and mathematics achievement in the cOl,lrse Calculus-I for first year students in the Faculty of Science, Addis Ababa University. The study employed survey methodology to obtain the self-reports of 248 first year students of the departments of computer science, statistics, and earth science who were selected using stratified random sampling technique. The data were collected using perception of mathematics classroom environment questionnaire and mathematics intrinsic motivation inventolY which were developed for the purpose of this stu.dy. Mathematics grades of the participants for the course Calculus-I were also obtained from offiCial records. Descriptive statistics, correlation, multiple regression analysis, and step-wise regression analysis were used with the help of SPSS 15 to analyze the data. There were positive and significant relationships among perception of mathematics classroom environment, mathematics intrinsic motivation, and mathematics achievement for science first year students. Among the factors of perception of mathematics classroom environment, student engagement was the best predictor of mathematics intrinsic motivation and mathematics achievement, Significant gender differences in mean scores of perception of mathematics classroom environment, mathematics intrinsic motivation, and mathematics achievement were found for science first year stude;)ts in favor of males. Analysis at department level has revealed significant gender differences in mean scores of perception. of mathematics classroom environment and mathematics intrinsic motivation for computer science first year students in favO! of males. In each of statistics and earth science departments male and female first year students perceived their mathematics classroom environment Similarly and had similar level of mathematics intrinsic motivation, Significant gender differences in mean mathematics achievement score were found in the three departments separately. Based on the results some recommendations are forwarded.Item The Relationships among Student-Teacher Interaction, Academic Intrinsic Motivation, Learning Styles and Grade 9 Students' Mathematics Achievement In Addis Ababa(Addis Ababa University, 2010-07) Lakew, Fikirte; Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)The present study attempted to examine the relationship among student-teacher interaction, academic intrinsic motivation, learning style and students' mathematics achievement of grade nine students in Addis Ababa. Three sub-cities were selected from ten sub-cities using simple random sampling technique. One school was selected from each selected sub-city. From these three sample schools, 353 students participated in the research project. Using learning style scale, 180 students were selected for further investigation. Four instruments (namely Learning Style Scale, Academic Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, Questionnaire on Student-teacher Interaction and Mathematics Achievement Test) were used to collect data. Initially, the instruments were administered on a pilot sample. Based on this item analysis was carried out and the instruments were improved. Percentage, t-test, Pearson's product moment correlation, multiple and step-wise regression analyses and one way ANOVA were employed to analyze the data. The analyses indicated that auditory learning style was adopted by the majority of grade nine students. The results of the t-test indicated that there was no significant variation between male and female visual, auditory and kinesthetic learners on their academic intrinsic motivation, student-teacher interaction and mathematics achievement. Student-teacher interaction, academic intrinsic motivation and mathematics achievement were found to have significant positive correlation on visual, auditory and kinesthetic learners. In addition, the result of mUltiple regression analyses indicates that academic intrinsic motivation and student-teacher interaction combined together had significant contribution for the prediction of students' mathematics scores. The step-wise regression analyses revealed that academic intrinsic motivation had significant contribution on all groups of learners, whereas student-teacher interaction had only on mathematics achievement scores of auditory and visual learners. Moreover, one-way ANOVA showed that there was significant mean difference between auditory and visual learners on the bases of their mathematics achievement. Based on these findings conclusions are made and recommendations are forwarded.Item Responsiblity Behaviour Among Adolecents As A Function of Parenting Styles: The Case of Nedjo District(Addis Ababa University, 2005-06) Tucho, Emana; Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)This study examined the influence of parenting style, sex and age on responsibility behavior of adolescents. 255 boys and J 65 girls from seven randomly selected junior secondwy school completed scales pertaining to parenting styles and responsibility behavior. Descriptive statistics, one way analysis of variance, Welch statistic, independent T-test, Tamhane 's multiple comparison, Pearson produ.ct-moment correlation and stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Families were classified in to one of four parenting groups (authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent and neglectful) on the basis of adolescents', ratings of their parents on two parental dimensions: acceptance/ involvement and control/supervision. The students were then contrasted a long their responsibility behavior. The results indicated statistically are significant difference among adolescent from various homes in the rating of responsibility behavior. The adolescents from the au.thoritative homes have scored better respollsibility behavior than the adolescent from others. The reverse is the (;(lse for adoiescentfrolll neglectfitifamilies. No significant differences between males andfemales ill the scores of responsibility behavior. Age and responsibility behavior are significantly and positively related. Parenting style has contributed the highest variance of responsibility behavior. Finally, practical implications of the findings are indicatedItem The Utilization of Voluntary of HIV Counseling and Testing by Family Planning and Antenatal Care Service Attendees at Hossana Town (The Case of Nigist Elleni Moh ammed Hospital and Hossana Health Station)(Addis Ababa University, 2008) Semebo, Demissie; Zeleke, Seleshi (PhD)This study was carried out: among wornen of family planning and antenatal care attendants at Hossana town in Hadiya zone of South Ethiopia. J-Iadiya zone has decentralized the service to di)ferent government health stations. However, reports show that there was low utilization of services. The objective of this study was to assess the VCT utilization by women of family planning and antenatal care attends at Hossana town in Hadiya zone of South Ethiopia. This cross sectional study was particularly conducted on the utilization of VCT in reproductive age women of FP and ANC attendees who were from 15-49 years. The proportional stratified random sampling technique was applied to involve 120 participants. However, excluding the non retumed questionnaire a total of 110 participants were participated ji-om the Nigist Elleni Mohammed Hospital and Hossana health Station at Hossana town. The Data were collected from the respondents using the questionnaire, in-depth interviews and focus group discussion. The result indicated that greater number of the participants were found to be knowledgeable about HIVj AIDS existence. The knowledge of the respondents on VCT services was also found sufficient and nearly 92% of them had favorable attitude in the benefits of VCT. Over all, 49.1 % of the study participants practiced or used the VCT services. The main barriers for refusal of the tes t in. this study were found fear and followed by stigma associated with J-IIVj AIDS. Besides, the use of lEC approaches was poor that could not be applied in away that can lessen stigma an.d fear. This study has also shown that there was an integration of VCT with in the family planning and antenatal care.