Browsing by Author "Kebede, Wassie (PHD)"

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    Challenges and Contributions of Self Help Groups in Empowering Poor Women: The Case of Ethiopian Kale Heywet Church, Addis Ababa Integrated Urban Development Project
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Yohannes, Mindaye; Kebede, Wassie (PHD)
    The concept of SHG (Self Help Group) did not get enough attention in Ethiopia especially in governmental development policies, strategies and activities. There are few nongovernmental institutions which work on the concept especially in urban areas of the country but, there is no enough research conducted on the issue in Ethiopia. Nevertheless, SHG development strategy have a number of significant contributions for the holistic development of the poor community particularly women. In Ethiopia, women are disproportionately impacted by extreme poverty, unemployment, drained living environment, social injustice, discrimination and other insecurities of life. So, to bring sustainable development in the country it is vital to empower this section of the society who needs empowerment and inspiration to change their life and contribute for the development of their country. The concept of SHG stress on the existing assets of the poor community and bringing community mobilized development by empowering the poor how they can utilize their economic, social and other kinds of resources among them. It inspires poor women to get out of poverty by using their natural potential and gift through regular weakly saving, access to internal and external loan and intensive capacity building training so as to begin and expand small business and income generating activities. Therefore SHGs can serve as the best development strategy to empower and enable destitute people to utilize the existing assets and bring real change in their life and among the community. The purpose of this study is to explore the challenges of SHGs and to investigate the contribution of self-help groups on the life of poor women within the selected sites of Addis Ababa, in which the EKHC integrated urban development program, is engaged and to identify further or alternative ways that the program will operate more efficiently for the future. The research is conducted in four sites namely, Gottera, Qeranio-Bethel, Sar Betoch and Qore, Mikael and Mekanisa area of the project. Data collection methods used in this study includes in-depth Interview, observation, focus group discussion and document review. Two FGDs were held with 12 participants, 16 SHG members and leaders and 4 project coordinating staff members participated in the in-depth interview. The study identified four major contributions of SHGs namely social empowerment, economic empowerment, leadership empowerment and ethical improvement. SHG played a great role in improving saving culture, social life, emotional intelligence and leadership skill of the poor women. On the other hand, SHGs encountered critical challenges in the process of implementing the concept among the community such as financial and material aid expectations from the project, lack of market place and illiteracy of some members of the group. The study concluded that through participating in SHGs, it is possible to bring sustainable development and change in the economic life of the members such as level of income, health care, education and housing condition
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    Contribution of Inbound Tourism for Community Livelihood in Ethiopia: The Case of Simien Mountains National Park, North West Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Fente, Wubetu; Kebede, Wassie (PHD)
    This research examined the contribution of inbound tourism to the community livelihood in Ethiopia: the case of Simien Mountains National Park, North West Ethiopia. The research method used is mixed; the quantitative and qualitative approaches done concurrently. The research revealed that the inbound tourism contributes for job creation, supports the agricultural activities, saving, and small and micro-enterprises through additional disposable income generation. It also supports the human capital development of the community as, food and nutrition, education health, housing and access for technology. The inbound tourism helped to link the agriculture, the souvenir business with the tourism service activities. The agriculture supplies the tourism with vegetables, fruits, live animals such as chicken, sheep, goats and the like and rent pack animals. Still there is a gap in the import substitution. The souvenir article production and sales also benefit from the tourism. Age and education are found to be the most important factors that affect income from tourism services. The more educated earn better than the less educated and the younger earns more than the older. Though it has relation with tourism income, sex is not found to be significant factor. Tourism is found to contribute significantly for the livelihood of the local community in the case of the Simen Mountains national park. It contributes for employment creation, government income in form of entrance, income tax from enterprise and the workers, etc. The research also revealed that there are challenges for tourism at individual such as lack of knowledge, sill, language and the like, at community level village and household sanitation to attract visitors’ experience, lack of awareness for tourism and government level not professionalize the sector, intervention in the private service sector, and others
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    Experience and Practice of Socio-Emotional Support for Health Professionals in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2011-07) Selamu, Medhin; Kebede, Wassie (PHD)
    Ethiopia’s health professional to population ratio or the number of clients that one health professional is supposed to serve, is much lower than the World Health Organization (WHO) standards which could be an indicator of work overload in the sector. Though there are many health issues in Ethiopia socio-emotional condition of health professionals should be one of the important issues. Health professionals’ exposure to the stressful situations is an occupational hazard that can harm both the professional and the community. The main objective of this research was to explore the perception and experience of health professionals related to their emotional needs and the strategies they use to address such needs. Qualitative approach particularly case study design was used in this study. The tools for primary data collection were in-depth interview and focus group discussion in order to gain in-depth information. Fifteen health professionals who are currently working in TASH are involved in the study. Data was analysed by cross-case analysis technique, to create a meaning from qualitatively generated data. The findings of this study confirmed that health professionals are facing serious job related stresses that lead to various socioemotional challenges. These are job dissatisfaction, frustration and plan to change their work place. In addition some of the professionals have developed signs of burnout which is serious problem for their practice. The result of the study has an indication for social work intervention in the health care institutions. The implications aim at promotion of health professionals’ wellbeing through provision of socio-emotional support
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    Experiences and practices of old age home care and support to the Elderly Living in the Institutions: Assessment at Three Selected Institutions in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014) Lemma, Segniwork; Kebede, Wassie (PHD)
    Given the economic advancements and well-being leading people to live longer, older people living in developing nations particularly in Africa are suffering from multi faceted problems. One of the possible interventions to curb the suffering of the elderly population is an institutional caring system. This intervention is of paramount importance in time of crises like family lose, health complication and poverty driven street life. Today in Ethiopia, it is becoming a day to day scene to see numerous elders begging in the streets for their living. Although it is in a limited effort and way, there are institutional care schemes in Ethiopia. This study tries to assess the experience of three selected old age care institutions about their care and support practice and Institutionalized elders views on their living conditions in institutions. The study is conducted using a qualitatively designed method in descriptive purpose. Employing a purposive sampling technique, a semi structured interview instrument was used to generate data from elders and key informants in the institutions. The findings of the study reveal that providing basic services to the neediest elders is the foundation goals of the institutions. And also understands that the service provision has changed the life situation of the resident elders. Participation of the community in the care and support is shown as an important resource for an effective caring process. The study also came across that, health care issue as a major concern in all the institutions
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    Exploratory Study on Family Resilience and Its Implication on Child Protection: The Case of Poor Families in Woreda 10 of Kirkos Sub-City, Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Tegegne, Asrat; Kebede, Wassie (PHD)
    From field work experiences on areas of child protection programs which were undertaken by different non-governmental organizations, the author of this thesis paper understood that most of the human service practitioners actually imposed their own brand of program strategies and polices on the community of concern rather than being well informed by the realities of the target groups upon engaging their active participation in all endeavors and building up on the existing potentials. Most of the time, destitute people are not believed to have talents of their own to cope up with adversities and strive for better life. Their half empty side is rather made bold. Such practices, at least until to date, made most intervention efforts ineffective and short-term bound. On the other hand, a great deal of literatures shows that destitute people such as families in poverty have their own strengths as informed by both nature and their ecological environments. Such hidden talents of people in distressing situations which help them cope up with it and strive for good futurity are known by social scientists as resilience. Thus, the overall premise of this thesis paper was to explore the resilience of poor families and its implication in child protection thereby to promote resilience-based intervention initiation to be undertaken by both State and non-state actors. Qualitative research with case study design was used and small number of information-rich cases of poor families (five households) and two community workers were selected purposively for in-depth interview. Observation and review of secondary data were the additional data gathering tools employed. Multiple protective factors were explored, but they were found far from being easily accessed and utilized by the poor. There were also lots of risk factors identified. The distressing situation was found as the central point in each household of the poor families to unite them together than was before which in turn was understood to strengthen their capacity to jointly cope up with the distressing situation. Families in poverty were found seeking opportunities for self-reliance up on their own efforts than relying on mere support from actors. Thus, the information embedded in this thesis is believed to be significant for human service actors as it will help them review their approach that they used to working with the poor as well as for prospective researchers because the very essence of the research created the foundation for the need of further exploration as per the recommendations suggested at the end of the page
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    An exploratory Study on: The Return, Reunification and Reintegration of Returnees from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (2013/14)- the Family Network Perspectives
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-12) Takele, Melaku; Kebede, Wassie (PHD)
    Migration of Ethiopians to the Arab countries particularly to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has become a common phenomenon. Research emphasizing on aspects of migration in Ethiopia has focused on causes of migration and migrants‘ situation in the host country. Little research has been conducted about Ethiopian return migration, and none on forced mass return. Thus, this cross-sectional research with the objective of revealing the experiences of forced returnees, paid attention to explore the return, reunification and reintegration of forced return migrants from the family network perspectives by applying case study design. The study participants of this research are eight forced returnees from the KSA, eight family members and one key informant from Addis Ababa Labor and Social Affairs Bureau. Findings of this research indicate that the returnees experienced maltreatment in the hands of the Saudi Arabian police and some Saudi Arabian youths and the abuse ranged from verbal to sexual abuse while waiting for their deportation. The finding reveals that financial problems since they were deported empty-handed, housing problems and unavailability of jobs were hindering them from reintegrating with their family and community. The finding also uncovers the roles of family networks in the reunification and reintegration process of these forced returnees, depending on the network the returnee had with family members while they were abroad. At the end, the study recommends that close cooperation between all parties, i.e. Addis Ababa Labour and Social Affairs Bureau and other governmental institutions, UN organizations like IOM, ILO and NGOs are needed for the better reintegration of these forced returnees
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    Exploring the Contribution of Ego Social Networks for Community Development: The case study in Tullo Kebele of Hawassa Area, SNNPR
    (2016-06) Abebe, Aleminew; Kebede, Wassie (PHD)
    This study explores the contribution of ego social networks for community development in Tullo kebele of Hawassa Area SNNPR. The study has employed qualitative method and multiple case study approach. Data were collected through semi structured interview questions from five egos and four alters selected purposively based on the inclusion criteria in Tullo kebele. Participatory mapping by hands were used to draw the social network diagrams of egos and transcribed data were subjected to cross case analysis. Social roles and statuses are major reasons for social network selections of ego social networks. Clan, kinship and social role are identified forms of ego social networks. Village messengers and physical contacts are preferable means of communications for social networks. ‘Wari setting’, ‘Nafaru’, ‘Ollu’, and ‘Tullo Songo’ and Friday market are settings for the contacts of ego social networks. Composition and structure of egos social networks are important social network assets of egos for community developments. ‘Syra’ or conspire is collective means of out casting individuals being out of their customary rules. ‘Songos’ settings are important for the discussions of social problems. The culture of ‘Afiny’ is important to make any social decisions acceptable in the community. Economically, social networks of egos are important to conduct ‘Shallo’ and ‘Wijo’
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    Gender Sensetiveness of Social Accountability Program: The Case of Libo Kemkem Woreda of South Gondar
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-08) Gedlu, Bereket; Kebede, Wassie (PHD)
    This study explores the role the social accountability program in order to verify its potential as effective approach to gender mainstreaming. It is a case study that looks in to the social accountability program in selected kebeles of Libokemkem woerda, South Gondar. Through utilizing qualitative data collection and analysis on a purposive sample, the study intended to; document the procedures taken in the social accountability program to make it gender sensitive and the achievement of those procedures, illustrate the deterring factors in the process of making the program gender sensitive and finally recommend solution to those deterring factors as well as identify lesson for social work practice. Hence, the study finding revealed that in the midst of several impediments, the various gender oriented activities conducted in the program were able to produce some positive tangible and non-tangible changes in the community of the study area. However the study had also reviled that these achievements of the program fell short of its potential. Based on these findings the study highlights on the need to further develop this program as a major approach to gender mainstreaming
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    The Psycho-Social Impact of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis on People Infected by the Disease
    (Addis Ababa University, 2012-06) Semeneh, Getnet; Kebede, Wassie (PHD)
    Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (which is locally known as Shahign) is one of the neglected tropical diseases that hamper the health condition of many poor people around the world. The disease is disseminating in a highest prevalence rate and is affecting most people in different parts of Ethiopia, leaving a disfiguring scar on the patient’s body. However, there are no any studies that are conducted in this area to depict the major impact of the disease on the general wellbeing of the society. Hence, this study has explored the psycho-social impact of the disease on those infected people who are living at Ankober Woreda, Mehal-Wonz Kebele. The major scheme of the research is a qualitative method of exploratory purpose. Accordingly, ten participants from cutaneous leishmaniasis patients and five additional key informants from non-infected community members are selected using purposive sampling method. By doing this, qualitative data is gathered through in-depth interviews and observation. The finding of the study has also indicated that the disease of cutaneous leishmaniasis has brought major psycho-social impact on those patients, family members as well as their close relatives. One of these is the psychological problem of the disease on the patients which includes the problem of extreme fear and anxiety, poor self-disclosure, emotional sensitivity and disturbance, as well as disgrace and the feeling of gloomy future. The other is the social problem that are related to the views of the society such as stigma and discrimination, limited social participation, rejection of social ties as well as low quality of life
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    The Psychosocial Experiences and the Needs of Women Patients Diagnosed With Cervical Cancer: The Case of Black Lion Hospital Cervical Cancer Patients
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Kebede, Konjit; Kebede, Wassie (PHD)
    Cancer is an emerging public health issue in Africa and in which Cervical cancer is count to be the second most widespread cancer among women. Despite the availability of large number of cancer patients in Ethiopia there is no national cancer control program and there is no cancer registration process. Moreover there is only one referral governmental health institution in the country for all cancer cases. The overall objective of this study was to explore and understand the psychosocial experiences and needs of women patients who are diagnosed with cervical cancer. This study was carried out in Black Lion Referral Hospital. A total of 15 participants (12 patients and 3 key informants) were purposively selected to take part in the study. The study employed a qualitative method with an exploratory case study design. Data was gathered through in-depth interviews made with the cases and key informants. In organizing the data, thematic content analysis method which involves transcription, translation, coding and categorization and theme development was employed. Findings of this study revealed that women who were diagnosed with cervical cancer have faced with tremendous physiological, psychological and social challenges as a result of their illness. The challenges they have faced following to their diagnosis and in the course of their treatments were not only exceptionally personal but affected various levels of their personal, family, professional and social lives. According to the finding of this study, lack of screening service in the origin, distant of the treatment location, inaccessibility of beds for treatment admission in the hospital, non-affordability of treatments , poor communication among the health professional and the patients, lack of information about the illness and its treatments, intimacy issues and separation from families and loved ones, remission of the illness after some stage of the treatments, financial crisis, depression and hopelessness were found to be patients psychosocial need during their diagnosis with cervical cancer and in the course of their treatments. However, participants also shared common coping mechanisms such as attending religious rituals, seeking social support systems during the diagnosis and in their treatments phases. The findings of this study suggests that the government should give a priority in the developing healthy milieu and increasing access to quality of health services to cancer patients, principally in regional level. Furthermore health social workers need to develop sensitive and responsive skills to assist patients to deal with their psychological, social, emotional, and spiritual needs during the diagnosis with cervical cancer and in the course of the treatments
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    The Roles of Family Members and Friends in Youth Internat Migration Decision: The Case of Returned Migrant Youths in WoreIllu Woreda South Wollo
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Getachew, Milki; Kebede, Wassie (PHD)
    Illegal migration of youth to the Arab countries has become a common phenomenon for most households in Ethiopia. Research emphasizing on aspects of migration in Ethiopia has focused on economic and political issues; particularly the problem of youth unemployment are recursively pointed out as the major reasons behind migration. However, this cannot be reliable explanation for immigration of Ethiopians to the Middle East unless the causes of migration are thoroughly investigated. In the absence of detailed explanations of migration, it would have been erroneous to generalize the motive of youth for immigration. Thus, this cross-sectional research with the objective of revealing causes of youth immigration, engage at exploring the roles of family members and friends in youth‟s immigration decision. The study participants of this research are eight forced returnee youth from Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), eight family members and three key informants from Kebele 03 Administration and Wore-Illu Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) College. Findings of this research indicate that intersection of multiple stressors: poverty, harmful traditional practices, family breakdown and being a member of reconstituted family, pressure of family members and friends, feelings of inferiority and desire of independence made youth vulnerable for illegal immigration. The finding unearths the roles of family members and friends at four operational phases of migration which are in the pre-migration phase, on the journey, at the destination country and on return. At the end, the study recommends that all concerned bodies working to curb the incidence of illegal immigration need to focus at micro and mezzo level intervention
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    The Sexual Experience of Street Adolescent Girls from the Reproductive Health Perspective
    (Addis Ababa University, 2013-06) Tsehay, Marta; Kebede, Wassie (PHD)
    This research focused on street children sexual experience and reproductive health. The study was conducted as a thesis research for the partial fulfillment of the Master of Social Work (MSW). The study was determined to assess the sexual experience reproductive health challenge, knowledge and skill of street children to solve reproductive health issues. The study area was conducted in Addis Ababa City Administration, Arada sub city around piazza Area. The study participants were Adolescents street children between the ages of 15- 19 years. Moreover, health centers representatives and the Sub-City Women, children and Youth Affair representative were participants of the study as well. The researcher employed qualitative research design by employing in-depth interview focus group discussion and key informant interview as tools for primary data collection. Street adolescent girls are exposed to different reproductive health problems because of environmental, personal, economic and health care service factors. The environmental factors include the environment they are living. The personnel factors include low attention to their reproductive health and the information gap while the economic factor is the economic problem they have on the street. Service related factors include service unfriendliness of the health care services for street children. The findings depicted street children are highly exposed to unintended pregnancy. Under the study nearly all i.e 16 participants face unintended pregnancy at list once in their stay on the street. Most of them did abortion as a means to avoid the unintended pregnancy.
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    A Study of the Life Condition of Older Caregivers to their Grandchildren Orphaned due to HIV/AIDS in Kolfe Keraniyo Sub-City, Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-09) Elias, Zerubabel; Kebede, Wassie (PHD)
    This study assesses the living conditions of older care givers to children orphaned due to HIV/AIDS in selected Woredas of Kolfe-Keraniyo Sub-City, Addis Ababa. The study employed qualitative method. In-depth interviews and focus group discussion were used as techniques of data collection. A total of 16 older care givers aged 60 and above were participants of the study. In addition, 2 representatives from MoLSA and Tesfa Social and Development Organization were participated in the study. The participants were selected using purposive sampling. The ABC-X model of family stress theory was used as a conceptual framework to guide the study. The findings of the study indicated that the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS among the younger generation in the study area and the resulting death places a huge psychological, social and economic burden on the elderly people who are caring for children orphaned due to the disease. Loss of income and resources, ill physical and health condition, stigma and discrimination and psychological distress were some of the difficulties faced by elderly people in caring for their grandchildren. This study found that elderly caregivers are using various strategies in order to cope up with the difficulties they face, though they are not providing them much help. Due to the fact that the challenges faced by older caregivers are multidimensional and complex, it is suggested that a combination of intervention strategies and approaches should be taken to reduce the vulnerability of older care givers and their families. In this regard, the researcher suggests a number of relevant areas of social work practice to address problems of the elderly care givers. Accordingly, policy responses; advocacy and awareness raising to maintain the traditional support networks, and designing and implementing participatory older people focused relevant social word interventions at micro, mezzo and macro levels are recommended. Keywords: Older caregivers, coping, AIDS orphans, HIV and AIDS
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    Young People’s Experience and Perception in Community Violence: The Case of Kebele 45, Woreda 4, KirkosSub City
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Yinessu, Selamawit; Kebede, Wassie (PHD)
    This research tried to explore and describe young people’s experience and perception in community violence in Woreda 4, Kebele 45 of Kirkos Sub-city. This area was selected because of the prevalence of different kind of violent crimes than the rest of the kebeles in the sub city. The rational of this study is that, there is no research done in the area under study that focuses on young people’s experience and perception in community violence. The objective to achieve in trying to explore and describe young people’s experiences and perceptions in community violence was by identify young individual’s perception about risk factors of community violence and to identify community violence intervention strategies from the perspective of young people. The study used a mixed methods research applied a concurrent design, the selected study design in this study gives a QUALITATIVE-quantitative weight and a concurrent (time-wise) nested mixed design. For the qualitative method used a case study design and the quantitative method used a survey design. For the survey a sample size of 265 was taken from a population of 850. While purposive sampling was used in the process of selecting participants in the qualitative data so as to reach specific group of people such as young people who are victims of different kinds of crimes and young people that are residents of the area in general. A maximum of 7 participants was taken for the collection qualitative data. For the qualitative study, the data collection techniques used include; in-depth interviews with participant, key-informant interviews, FGD and observation. A survey questionnaire was designed and employed to collect quantitative data. A concurrent mixed analysis was utilized to analyze the qualitative and quantitative data. The result confirmed that most of the young people in the community have unstable economic status. Unemployment was found to be the major factor which leads the young people to commit violent acts. Majority of the respondents claimed that victims prefer to report their cases relatives, friends and significant others rather than reporting to the police. Four areas of risk factors of community violence identified in this research include community factors, family factors, and relationships with peers, and personal characteristics.The study revealed that in majority of the cases perpetrators are peers of the victims. Several personal level emotional responses were identified by young people as outcomes of community violence. In addition to the personal level emotional responses, five community level outcomes were documented. The study also revealed seven key areas for intervention. In conclusion unemployment is one of the leading problems in the community. Young people in the community have different unmet needs and are particularly at risk of participating in problem behaviors. Young people who have the most severe unmet needs in their lives are particularly in jeopardy of participating in violent behavior. The issue of community violence in many occasions, the responsibility, resides on immediate families, the community and the society at large. Even though, some of the youth accept on the progress, most of them believe that there could have been a better result if the government works in closer ties with them. Hence, more work should be done in this regard to improve the situation. Based on the finding this study recommends that policies and programs be devised and implemented by concerned organizations, more research should be done in regards to tackling unemployment in the area and education and training should be done to address employment opportunities and concealing overcoming their addictions to different substances. Key Words: Young people, community violence