Browsing by Author "Jemal Mohammed"
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Item Communication Conduct on Fm Addis 97.1’S Hiv/Aids Phone-In Program(Addis Ababa University, 2015-07) Jemal Mohammed ; Teshome DemissieThis study examines how communication is conducted in a „lived‟ radio phone-in program about HIV/AIDS and related matters by narrowing its focus onto the context of the practice in FM Addis 97.1, a broadcasting station in Ethiopia. Previous works on institutional discourse and perspectives from Goffmanian and ethnomethodology-based approaches were drawn on in framing the theoretical and methodological foundations. The data were primarily collected by recording „lived‟ radio phone-in productions in the target communication setting. The corpus for analysis was assembled by making detailed transcriptions of the recordings of the participants‟ speech exchanges on two randomly selected themes: „Blood Testing Experience for HIV-antibody‟ and „Challenges in (to) being Faithful‟, which together lasted about fifteen hours. The analysis of these transcripts reveals that communication is organized in a way that places the program host, the caller, the guest or expert and the audiences in the participation framework. Although the actual speech exchange in the program appears to be made either between the host and the caller or the host and the guest, it seems to be primarily shaped for and by the audience who listen to that program. While interaction between the host and the guest is found to constitute part of the production, the speech exchange of the hosts and the callers appears to be central in the making up of the program. This exchange involves three broader phases: the openings, „doing‟ the talk and the closure. Each of these phases is observed to have distinctive features. The participants display their orientations to such features through a reliance on predictable combinations of moves, which are realized through a limited range of speech acts and conversational routines. With respect to the construction of roles and identities, it is observed that the participants‟ discourse roles appear to be made relevant in many ways, with explicit role definitions by the host and with implicit negotiations by the participants. Their identities are found to be built through a reflexive combination of sequential and categorical methods as the interaction unfolds. Regarding the construction of power relationship, the analysis reveals that asymmetrical power relationship is not that characterize all that is happening in the target site, and that asymmetrical power relationship manifest in this setting tend to be not an outcome of just social structural difference between the participants but (mainly) of an interactional accomplishment which is made evident in and through the joint interaction moves by the parties involved. This study argues that the target radio phone-in participants tend to enact from multiplicity of roles, align and disalign with some form of actions, and position each other symmetrically and asymmetrically to the attainment of the program‟s goal: modeling of a desirable health behavior and stance. The study outlines the implications of making a fine-grained analysis of talk in a radio phone-in program to future practices and pre-and in-service trainings of hosts. Finally, the study makes some suggestions as to what the hosts of a radio phone-in program might do to improve the way interactions are managed, and points out areas worth examining in future studies of the sort.Item Determinants of Job Satisfaction in the case of Ethiopian Private Commercial Banks in Addis Ababa(Addis Ababa University, 2018-05) Yesu Girma; Jemal MohammedJob satisfaction hinges on a productive and accomplishing relationship between employee, their company and their productivity. The objective of this research paper is to explore factors that influence job satisfaction in Ethiopian Private commercial banks in Addis Ababa city. The study investigated the nature of work, workplace environment, recognition, motivation, promotion opportunities and benefit packages as the antecedents of job satisfaction. This research is cross-sectional survey and the research approach applied for this study was quantitative approach in nature. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection from the employees of selected private commercial banks in Addis Ababa area using convenient sampling technique. Out of 290 questionnaires distributed, 277 were collected and used for further analysis. Correlation analysis and multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the gathered data with SPSS software. The results showed significant positive association between the nature of work, workplace environment, recognition, motivation, promotion and benefits and job satisfaction. Therefore, it’s forwarded for the top management of the private banks to improve the above variables in their respective organization.Item The Effect of Emotional Intelligence on Proactive Decision Making in the case of Branch Managers in Commercial Bank of Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Cherinet Tesfaye; Jemal MohammedDecisions most often result in either positive or negative outcomes. The negative side of decisions are those that reduce the performance of an entity and or organizations and frequently labeled as reactive. While those decisions which result in increasing the performance are proactive decisions. Both proactive and reactive decisions are often the result of the individuals’ state of mind or emotions. The main aim of this study is to investigate the effect of employee emotional intelligence skills on their level of proactive decision making. The research dwelled more on non-experimental quantitative approach which made entirely through questionnaires as formulated and developed only for this purpose. The researcher employed Wong and Law emotional intelligence scale, and the multidimensional concept of proactive decision making(PDM) measurements. Adopting census survey method the whole population were targeted where in size is restricted to branch managers under south Addis Ababa district office. The number of targeted branches were 102.The researcher believes that result obtained from this study will be general indicator for the rest of the branch managers in the Bank. In the research statistical analysis Software Package for social sciences (SPSS) version 24 was employed and descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used. Major finding of the study reveal that individuals’ emotional intelligence has significant and direct relationship with decisions that are proactive .Hence, it is recommended that the Bank should increase employees level of emotional intelligence skills by strengthening its staff development programs through delivering various trainings to management members specifically designed to branch managers since they are responsible to run core function of the organization, that is rendering customer service.Item Effects of Business Level Strategies on Performance of Private Commercial Banks in Ethiopia(A.A.U, 2023-06-04) Leka Nigusse; Jemal MohammedThe general objective of this study was to assess the effects of business level strategies on performance of private commercial banks in Ethiopia. The research has quantitative nature. To accept or reject the research hypothesis relevant questions by means of questionnaire were created and distributed to the survey's respondents. Self-administered questionnaires were used to gather primary data, and they were distributed through non random sampling technique. An explanatory research design was used. The hypotheses were examined using multiple regression analysis and Pearson's product moment correlation analysis. The result showed that there was a positive significant effect of cost leadership, differentiation, focus and combination strategy on performance of Private Commercial Bank. Therefore, from the outcomes and conclusions, it is suggested that the management and professional staffs of Private Commercial Banks in Ethiopia should enhance their performance by improving the management of: economies of scale, supply of quality and superior products to their customers, give close attention to unique customer preferences, monitoring of combination strategy and more investment in business level strategies.Item Effects of Business Level Strategies on Performance of Private Commercial Banks in Ethiopia(A.A.U, 2023-06-08) Leka Nigusse Tujo; Jemal MohammedThe general objective of this study was to assess the effects of business level strategies on performance of private commercial banks in Ethiopia. The research has quantitative nature. To accept or reject the research hypothesis relevant questions by means of questionnaire were created and distributed to the survey's respondents. Self-administered questionnaires were used to gather primary data, and they were distributed through non random sampling technique. An explanatory research design was used. The hypotheses were examined using multiple regression analysis and Pearson's product moment correlation analysis. The result showed that there was a positive significant effect of cost leadership, differentiation, focus and combination strategy on performance of Private Commercial Bank. Therefore, from the outcomes and conclusions, it is suggested that the management and professional staffs of Private Commercial Banks in Ethiopia should enhance their performance by improving the management of: economies of scale, supply of quality and superior products to their customers, give close attention to unique customer preferences, monitoring of combination strategy and more investment in business level strategies.Item An Exploration of the EFL Instructors’ Use of Motivational Strategies in Communicative English Skills Classes: Mekelle University in Focus(Addis Ababa University, 2007-08) Jemal Mohammed ; Teshome Demissiehis study was conducted to explore EFL instructors’ use of motivational strategies in Communicative English Skills classes at Mekelle University. To achieve the objective of the study, the following questions were raised: What is the EFL instructors’ perception of using motivational strategies in communicative English skills classes? To what extent are the instructors using motivational strategies in Communicative English Skills classes? How is the instructors’ use of motivational strategies, if any, perceived by the learners? To find answers to these questions, data were gathered using observation checklist, interview and questionnaire. Each instructor’s sessions were observed twice. The interview was conducted with all the instructors (eight). All of the instructors and one hundred eight students completed the questionnaire. The data obtained via these tools were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. From the analysis of the observation checklist data, a positive result was reported concerning the instructors’ motivational behaviour and the students’ motivational intensity. The analysis of the two groups’ responses to the close-ended items of the questionnaire also revealed positive results, as the average mean scores of the instructors’ responses and the students’ responses were 4.20 and 4.06 respectively. The results of the open-ended item of the questionnaire and the interview also attested this finding. From this study, it was, therefore, evident that: the instructors had good awareness of the contribution of motivational strategies; they were employing motivational strategies in the Communicative English Skills classes to a fairly good extent; and the students were well aware of the instructors’ motivational efforts. The instructors’ efforts in promoting learners’ positive self-evaluation and the students’ feedback seeking behaviour were reported to be minimal, however. Finally, based on the findings recommendations were made. Instructors should do their level best to promote learners’ positive self-evaluation, feedback seeking behaviour, and self-motivating strategies; and should periodically conduct action researches pertaining to motivational teaching practice were among the recommendations mItem Level of Organizational Commitment and its Predictors Among Nurses Working at Public Hospital Medical Colleges in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia(A.A.U, 2024-09-11) Yoseph Worku; Jemal MohammedOrganizational commitment among nurses working in the healthcare system is a critical job attitude that affects the overall success, effectiveness, and quality of healthcare. There is a dearth of evidence regarding the degree of commitment of nurses and the potential predictors that can affect their organizational commitment. This study assessed the level of organizational commitment and its predictors among nurses working at public hospital medical colleges in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2024. A cross-sectional study with both descriptive and analytic components was conducted among 411 randomly selected nurses working at public hospital medical colleges in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The widely recommended 20-item organizational commitment scale was used in this study. T-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used to investigate the relationships or associations between the individual independent and dependent variables. After checking the statistical assumptions, multiple linear regression was used to fit the final model and identify the predictors. A p-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. A total of 411 nurses participated in the study. Females comprised 51.8%, and the mean (+ standard deviation) age was 30.6 (+5.5) years. In this study, the mean global score of the organizational commitment of nurses was 62.9 (standard deviation = 13.6), with a minimum and maximum score of 21 and 99, respectively. Four factors were identified as predictors of the overall organizational commitment scores of nurses: job satisfaction, relationship with colleagues or coworkers, perceived organization support, and age. among nurses working in the hospital medical colleges in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Among nurses working in the hospital medical colleges in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, the overall organizational commitment mean score was inadequate. The key predictors of the organizational commitment of nurses are the nurses’ job satisfaction level, relationship with colleagues, level of perceived organizational support, and age. Enhancing the job satisfaction, perceived organizational support, and relationship among the coworkers would be strategies that can improve the organizational commitment of the nurses. Key words: organizational commitment, medical college, nurse, predictors, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaItem The Mediating Role of Employee Engagement in the Relationship between Organizational Justice and Employee Turnover Intention in the case of Commercial Bank of Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Belete Kene; Jemal MohammedThe objective of this study was to assess the mediating role of employee engagement in the relationship between organizational justice and employee turnover intention. To achieve the objective of the study established questionnaires were adapted from the previous research works. Cross-sectional survey design was employed to quantitatively assess the relationship between the study variables. Based on the data collected from 349 employees of CBE the overall result of the study indicates that distributive justice, procedural justice, and interactional justice have negative relationship with employee turnover intention. On the other hand the three dimensions of organizational justice have positive relationship with employee engagement, which in turn is found to have negative relationship with employee turnover intention. The study results also confirmed that employee engagement had no mediating role on the relationship between organizational justice and employee turnover intention. The overall implication of the study result is that, since the three dimensions of organizational justice has positive and negative relationship with employee engagement and employee turnover intention respectively, to keep the benefit of having engaged employee and retaining talented and skilled employee the importance of employing organizational justice in the workplace is crucial.Item Organizational Climate and Employees’ Organizational Commitment In Midroc Construction Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Seid Mohammednur; Jemal MohammedThis research explores the relationship between organization climate and organization commitments in general. Effects of organizational climate dimensions on organizational commitment in particular. This study helps to see organizational climate experienced in Midroc construction Ethiopia and fill the gap that currently exists in the areas of the relationship between organization climate and organization commitment research. In this research Likert type questionnaire were used to collect primary data and the study uses a means of quantitative research and administered to a sample of 170 employees at head office and selected three construction projects in Addis Ababa. Organizational climate and employees’ organizational commitment questionnaire was adopted from Bekele Serbessa, (2014) and Dr Thomas F. Bergess, (2001). In analyzing the collected data, Correlation and regression analysis was conducted for six dimensions of organizational climate and three dimensions of organizational commitment. According to this analysis, there was a poor positive correlation between organizational climate dimensions and Commitment. Therefore, the study doesn’t support the six research hypothesis except the one associated with support dimension. The result show that all organizational climate factors are not significantly contribute to organizational commitment of employees. Based on this it can be concluded that the change in organizational commitment is poorly explained by organizational climate.Item Relationship between Employee Work Related Attitudes and Employee Performance: In the Case of Ethiopian Insurance Industry(Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Tesfaye Girma; Jemal MohammedThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between employee work related attitudes and employee performance. The independent variable is employee work related attitudes consist with three sub variables namely; job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job involvement while employee performance was treated as a dependent variable. Accordingly, four research hypotheses were developed to address the research objectives. Explanatory research design was adopted with quantitative approach to examine the relationship among the study variables. Stratified random sampling procedure was applied. 360 questionnaires were distributed to employees, including managerial and supervisory staff, drawn from insurance companies, out of which 301 (83.6%) were successfully filled in and returned. Descriptive and Inferential statistics were applied and the major statistical tools used were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The study found that job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job involvement are positively related with employee performance. The findings also showed that job satisfaction, organizational commitment and job involvement in aggregate explained 56.3% of variance in employee performance. Finally, recommendations were forwarded for insurance companies and at the end; the study identified and suggested areas for future research.Item The Relationship between Leadership Styles and Employees Engagement in Ethiopian Airlines(Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Ermiyas Zeberga; Jemal MohammedThe dynamic and turbulent nature of current competitive global economy has pushed companies to exploit their available resources as a means of achieving competitive advantage. In this regard leadership can be considered as a critical and essential because it has a great consequence on the performance of an organization. The study followed both descriptive and explanatory type of research design and quantitative study approach is used to investigate the relationship between Leadership styles and employees’ engagement at Ethiopian Airlines. The target population of this study was employees of Ethiopian Airlines working at Head Quarter, which includes the 7strategic business units. From 9,604 total populations of Ethiopian Airlines Head Quarters, 370 employees were selected as samples of the total population. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select the samples of the total population. As the study was crossectional, one time data was collected by using standardized questionnaires of leadership behavior (Multi Factor Leadership Questionnaire 3rd edition) and Urchtect work Employees engagement rating scale. Correlation and linear regression were used to analyze the relationship between Transactional & ransformational leadership styles and employees engagement dimensions. The regression results showed that Transactional & Transformational leadership styles have positive relationship with employees engagement. Moreover, all employees’ engagement dimensions were significantly explained by Transactional & Transformational leadership styles .Generally, Transformative leadership has strong relationship with employees’ engagement and leaders shall be more transformative to enhance and develop employees’ engagement to the highest level.Item The Effect of Exchange Control on the Performance of Commercial Banks in Ethiopia(A.A.U, 2024-06-26) Dereje Bayissa; Jemal MohammedThis study investigated the impact of the foreign exchange control directive, implemented in Ethiopia since 2016 G.C, on the performance of commercial banks. The directive requires banks to allocate at least 50 percent of foreign exchange to priority imports, potentially affecting their financial performance. The study used five years of data from 2019 to 2023 or 80 observations from 16 commercial banks. This study assessed the distribution of foreign exchange to both priority and non-priority sectors, as well as its impact on bank performance metrics such as Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). The study used a quantitative research design to obtain a complete understanding using secondary data and a purposive sampling technique. Descriptive and Regression analyses were used to evaluate the data. In this study, Random effect model was selected to be suitable for panel data. The aim is to answer critical questions regarding the allocation practices of foreign currency by commercial banks in Ethiopia and to evaluate the consequent effects on their performance. The study's objectives include assessing the allocation of foreign currency to priority and non-priority sectors, examining its impact on bank performance and exploring the operational efficiency, assets of the bank and sources of income as control variables. The study's finding suggested that, operational efficiency and bank assets are important determinants of bank performance, and also allocation of at least 50 percent of foreign currency to priority products has both positive and negative effects on bank performance. The findings of this research provided valuable information for policymakers, banking regulators, and financial institutions and can also serve as a basis for further studies.Item The Effect of Leadership Style on Employee Job Satisfaction: The Case of Selected Private Commercial Banks in Ethiopia(A.A.U, 2024-06-06) Berkenesh Tekalegn; Jemal MohammedThe main objective of this thesis was to investigate the effect of leadership styles on employee job satisfaction in the case of selected private commercial banks of Ethiopia. The study used quantitative research approach, both descriptive research and explanatory research design due to its intent to find the effect of the independent variables transformational leadership, transactional leadership, laissez-faire leadership, democratic leadership, and autocratic leadership on the dependent variable employee job satisfaction. This study used proportionate sampling and simple random sampling technique. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaires. The study also used a cross-sectional research survey, in which data from respondents was gathered at a single point in time. In this study, a total of 338 questionnaires were provided to the respondents. To analyse the collected data through questionnaires from the respondents, the researcher used SPSS version 23. The researcher used descriptive statistics to describe & summarizing data and inferential statistic such as correlation analysis and multiple linear regressions analysis. Accordingly, the Pearson correlation test revealed that all the two independent variables have a positive and significant relationship with dependent variable employee job satisfaction. The regression result confirmed that, two independent variables transactional leadership and democratic leadership have positive and significant impact and the other transformational, laissez-faire and autocratic leader ship style are insignificant) on the employee job satisfaction. Transactional and democratic leadership styles were identified as the most influential predictors of employee job satisfaction. These leadership styles appear to foster a work environment that enhances satisfaction among employees, thereby highlighting the importance of effective leadership in organizational settingsItem The Effect of Leadership Styles on Organizational Commitment: A Study on Employees of Commercial Bank of Ethiopia(A.A.U, 2024-05-21) Elham Muhidin; Jemal MohammedThis study investigates the effects of leadership styles on organizational commitment in commercial bank of Ethiopia. It examines how three leadership styles - transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire - influence the three dimensions of organizational commitment - affective, continuance and normative. The study has been conducted by both primary and secondary research. The primary research was done using the quantitative approach with the help of survey questionnaire to collect data and the secondary research was used through the review of previously published literatures. A total of 221 data records were analyzed using inferential statistics with the help of the SPSS Version 27.0. Results revealed a positive and consistent impact of transformational leadership on all commitment dimensions. However, Transactional and laissez-faire yielded a mixed result. Transactional leadership showed a negative impact on normative commitment and insignificant impact on affective and continuance commitment. On the other hand, laissez-faire leadership yielded positive impact on continuance and normative commitment and an insignificant impact on affective commitment. The findings highlight the critical role leadership styles play in shaping employee commitment within the Ethiopian banking sector. The study recommends embracing transformational leadership, re-evaluating transactional leadership and consideration of cultural context to fit the context of the bank under study as well as areas that require further exploration. Key Words: Leadership styles, Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership, Laissez-Faire, Organizational Commitment, Affective Commitment, Normative Commitment, and Continuance Commitment.Item The Relationship Between Organizational Excellence and Organizational Commitment (In Case of Awash Bank)(AAU, 2024-04-12) Wondimu Adugna; Jemal MohammedThis study investigated the relationship between organizational excellence and employee commitment within Awash Bank. Specifically, it examined how organizational excellence practices, measured using the Kanji Business Excellence Model, influence employee commitment across three facets: affective (emotional attachment), normative (obligation to stay), and continuance (lack of better alternatives). A quantitative approach with a correlational design was employed. Data were collected from 228 Awash Bank employees using a self-reported questionnaire encompassing Meyer & Allen's Organizational Commitment scale and Kanji Excellence Model items. Multivariate data analysis (MANOVA) and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to assess the overall relationship and directionality between organizational excellence and commitment facets. Linear regression analysis explored the explanatory power of excellence dimensions on each commitment facet. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between overall organizational excellence and employee commitment. Leadership and people management practices emerged as key contributors to excellence, significantly impacting affective commitment. Affective and normative commitments were explained by 34.8% and 15.5% of the variance in organizational excellence factors, respectively. Interestingly, while continuance commitment showed a positive association with excellence, the relationship was not statistically significant. The study highlights the importance of prioritizing affective and normative commitment aspects when designing and implementing organizational excellence initiatives at Awash Bank. By fostering strong leadership, effective people management practices, and continuous improvement culture, the bank can cultivate a more engaged and committed workforce, contributing to its long-term success.