Browsing by Author "Atara, Adane"

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    Assessment of Factors Affecting Effective Performance of Construction Projects: The Case of Projects of Ethiopian Construction Works Corporation. By:
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-02) Deneke, Tilahun; Atara, Adane
    The problem of success factors on the construction industry which results in delays of project is considered to be a global phenomenon and the construction industry in Ethiopia is not exceptional. The goal of all concerned agents involved in the construction projects (owners, contractors, engineers and consultants) in either of the public or private sector is to successfully complete the project on time, within budget, with the highest quality and in the safest manner. Construction projects are frequently influenced by either success factors that help projects reach their goal as planned or delay factors that terminate or postpone project completion. The methodology adopted in this project work was, first, to undertake a literature survey of the area. Then a questionnaire survey and an interview survey were employed for data gathering and finalizing factors affecting the projects. This study is considered to be influential for improving the effectiveness of project performance. Performance can be assured by assessing, identifying and eliminating the factors that cause or yield poor project outcomes. Thus, project managers need better understanding of success/failure factors in order to take appropriate action. The researcher employed a descriptive design to analyze the data collected from sample respondents. The findings of this study can be used as a guideline to successfully handle similar construction projects in the country.
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    Assessment on Project Management Practices: A Case Study on SNV’s Gender and Youth Empowerment in Horticulture Market (GYEM) Project
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-12-02) Moges, Betelhem; Atara, Adane
    Project management has evolved over time to a sophisticated and complex process, becoming the principal mean of dealing with change in modern organizations. Project management practices help organizations and practitioners to identify their priorities and develop related competencies to achieve their project targets. The current study intends to assess the practice of project management practice on A Case Study on SNV’s Gender and Youth Empowerment in Horticulture Market (GYEM) Project by establishing relationships between the ten knowledge areas as per PMBOK guidelines. A total of 8 people has participated in this survey for their direct and strong involvement in the project. Data was collected through email using a well-structured research questionnaire. The collected data is analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods with descriptive research techniques. Percentages and mean were used to analyze the data obtained. The findings of this study show that, the project has practiced a proper time, cost and scope management as well as an average appliance of quality management. The result has as well acknowledged a cohesive practice of project human resource, stakeholder, integration and procurement management while noticing a lack of agreeableness on project risk management practice. The researcher further took subjective judgement to notice a weak communication management. Thus, this study suggested for the project to implement project management knowledge areas by following formal procedures based on the processes under each knowledge areas.
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    Factors Influencing Effectiveness Of Monitoring And Evaluation System: The Case Of Commercial Bank Of Ethiopia Information Technology Projects
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-05) Solomon, Birhanemeskel; Atara, Adane
    Given the fact that monitoring and evaluation is one of critical activities in the project management cycle that enhance the chances of success of projects, factors that may influence the effectiveness of M&E system for projects is not well studied. This study assessed factors influencing the effectiveness of M&E in various Information technology projects at Commercial bank of Ethiopia (CBE). Its main objectives were: to find out how organizational leadership, competency of staff handling M&E, stakeholder participation and budget allocation for M&E influence the effectiveness of the M&E. Descriptive research design was used. Purposive sampling technique was used to collect data from 52 respondents which selected based on their responsibility, capacity and knowledge about the factors under study. Data was collected using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and Relative importance index (RII) were used to clearly understand the influence of how competence of staff handling monitoring and evaluation, stakeholder participation and budgetary allocation and organizational leadership influence effectivensess of M&E system of IT of CBE.This research attempts to empirically explores the relative importance of factors influencing effectiveness of M&E system for information technology projects based on the Relative Importance Index, the weightage and the key factors responsible for efficency and suggests measures to enhance each influencing factor. The study recommends allocation adequate time, effort and resource to adopt a result based management RBM for IT projects, to increase the number and type of M&E staff, active involvement of organizational leaders in carrying out monitoring and evaluation activities of the projects so as to boost the effectiveness of the Monitoring and evaluation system of the projects.
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    Occupational Stress In Construction Projects: The Case Of Ethiopian Electric Power
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-06) Eshetu, Bezaye; Atara, Adane
    This study was carried out to examine the Ethiopian Electric Power construction project professionals stress factors focusing on the source, impact on project professionals involved and the coping mechanisms employed. To achieve this objective descriptive research design was employed to assess the occupational stress factors. The study used questionnaires that were adapted from previous research works. The quantitative data was analyzed through SPSS version 20 software using statistical tools of frequency, percentage, mean score and standard deviation. Based on the data collected from 78 construction project professionals working under the transmission & substation construction unit of Ethiopian Electric Power; task stressors resulting from work overload and role conflict, organizational stressors resulting from the organizations structure and job autonomy, personal stressors resulting from personality type and home-work conflict were outlined as the major sources of occupational stress. The physical and behavioral consequences of work-related stress are more prevalent. While problem focused and emotion focused coping strategies are used by the construction project professionals. Based on the findings recommendations are forwarded: the management of EEP needs to ensure workload fits with the construction project professionals abilities, keep communication lines open so that workload problems can be reported and clarifications can be made on possible role conflict issues, work closely with the construction project professionals to produce realistic deadlines for tasks, offer its construction project professionals more latitude in decision making on tasks they undertake, discuss occupational stress factors with construction project professionals and provide ways to mitigate them through stress management trainings.
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    Project Scope Management Practices of Addis Ababa City Road Projects: Managerial Perspective the Case of Addis Ababa City Roads Authority Road Projects
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-10-04) Hailemariam, Brook; Atara, Adane
    Usage of general project management procedures, functions, tools & techniques in construction projects is unsatisfactory in Ethiopia. Due to this there is a high rate of project failure starting from the planning stage where objectives, scope, and course of action required to attain the objectives are defined. Accordingly, this study mainly assess the status of scope management practices of Addis Ababa city road Authority. To get information for the study10 projects were selected purposively from a total of 53 currently running projects of the Authority.The study used mixed research approach to gather data and describe the status of the scope management practiced in the projects.The target population of the study were: Engineers of the different consultant firms participating in both the preliminary and detailed design.and engineers of AACRA’s two different directorates. Since the size of the respondents in the selected projects is small and manageable, censes method is used. This study used both primary and secondary sources of data. The collected data through questionnaires were analyzed using statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS). Opinions of the respondents when summarised showed that of the total respondents: about 82% of the respondents acknowledge the soundness of practice of planning the management of scope of the projects, only 22% of the respondents shows a response of an agreement in the trust worthiness of practices of the requirement management planning, 65% of the the respondents shows either disagreement or strong disagreement in the reliability of stakeholders’ requirement management practices of the road construction projects, 86% of the respondents’ responses show either agreement or a strong agreement in the dependability of practices of the scope definition process, 89% of the respondents’ responses show either agreement or a strong agreement response that the practices of Work Break Down Structure creation process used in the projects is at good status, 82% of respondents’ responses show either agreement or a strong agreement response the practices of scope validation process of the project scope management process 76% of respondents’ responses show either agreement or a strong agreement response practices of control scope process used in the projects is at good status.
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    Rural Households’ Resilience to Food Insecurity in Southern Ethiopia: The Case of Boricha Woreda in Sidama Zone
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Atara, Adane; Tolossa, Degefa (PhD)
    This dissertation concerns rural household’s resilience to food insecurity. It explores three interrelated questions: sources of rural household’s resilience to food insecurity, food security status, and household’s coping mechanisms. The study is based on cross-sectional field survey conducted by involving 420 households and key informants interview. It adapted sequentially explanatory mixed-method-research strategy. Stratified sampling coupled with simple random and systematic sampling methods were used to draw a sample from study population. PCA, ANOVA, descriptive statistics (mainly percentage), and Chi-square test were employed to analyze the data. PCA revealed that while all turned to be significant, income and food access, agricultural assets, and agricultural technology adoption are the three resilience dimensions toping in terms of contribution to the study area households’ resilience to food insecurity. Though the majority of the surveyed households (61%) are non-resilient in general, the inter livelihood zones based analysis revealed that the household’s resilience vary based on the livelihood systems. In this regard, the result of ANOVA shows significant effect, i.e., F-ratio is significant at F (2, 417) = 4.991, p < 0.001. With regards to food security, the analysis of HFIAS revealed that 62.4% of the served households have food insecurity situation that runs from ‘moderate’ to ‘severe’. On the other hand, the analysis of FCS showed that 42.4% of the surveyed households have food security situation of below ‘acceptable’ threshold. Insights from key informants revealed that the combination of factors has contributed to the food insecurity problem of the Woreda including erratic rain, land fragmentation, and population pressure. The ANOVA, which was meant to see if food security situation is the same across livelihood zones, consistently indicated existence of statistically significant differences in mean food security scores both in the case of HFIAS for F (2, 417) = 15.046, p < 0.001 and FCS for F (2, 417) = 6.626, p < 0.01. The study’s finding also indicated that households used a multitude of consumption based coping strategies that run from compromising quality of food by eating less preferred foods to food rationing. Repeatedly occurring food shortage has also forced some households to use some of the resilience erosive coping strategies such as selling reproductive assets, oxen, and even selling and/or renting out land holdings. The study also revealed the existence of statistically significant relationship between the nature coping strategies utilized in response to previously happened food insecurity related shocks and household’s resilience to food insecurity with χ2 (1) = 98.149, P < 0.001. Policy implications emerging from this study ii includes 1) making protection of the livelihood assets of the households among the targets of food insecurity problem based intervention. In context, this requires encouraging woreda level concerned offices to report the true picture of food security situation and making humanitarian food aid to play a role in reducing disposal of productive asset 2) promoting and supporting income and /or livelihood diversification of the households, and 3) most importantly addressing the problem of land fragmentation by carefully planning and implementing alternative employment opportunities for the youth as a long run solution. Job categories such as animal fattening, poultry, rural grain mills, construction materials such as sand mining, and providing skill acquisition based training that enable the rural youth to get employment in urban areas and in industries and facilitating employment then after are among the options to consider. Strengthening and making the local development institutions such SDC, SDA, SMFI and the like to work with their full potential is commendable as they can support the concerned line Government Offices such as Sports and Youth Bureau in this regard. This policy option has a role of decreasing the youth’s demand for parent’s land and hence contributing to have resilient smallholders. Key words: Resilience, Food Security, Coping Strategy, Livelihood Zone