Regional and Local Development Studies

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Browsing Regional and Local Development Studies by Author "Abeje Phd, Wondimu"

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    Challenges and Opportunities of Urban Refugee Livelihoods: The Case of Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Meseret, Fisseha; Abeje Phd, Wondimu
    In Ethiopia, specifically in Addis Ababa, there are many Eritrean and Somali Urban refugees. They put Addis Ababa in the top first priority area to live because Addis Ababa is the capital city of Ethiopia and is the centre for national as well as international organizations. Urban refugees have different kinds of livelihood challenges and opportunities and this research examines it. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, descriptive type of research which is led by qualitative approach was employed. In-depth interview, key informant interview, focus group discussion and document review were the central data collection techniques. In this study, Gofa Mebrat Hail for Eritrean refugees and Bole Michael for Somali refugees in Addis Ababa were selected based on their numerical upper hand as well as the prolonged settlement of the refugees in the respective areas. In-depth interview was made with Eritrean and Somali urban refugees, key informant interview with officials from ARRA, NRC, DICAC and Woreda officials from the hosting community. Purposive sampling technique was employed to select the research participants. The finding of the study shows that there are several socio-cultural and economic challenges urban refuges have been facing: High cost of living, problem of cultural adaptability like language barriers, refugees low self-esteem, psychological instability and mobility, economic crises, conflict, security challenges, violence, theft and robbery are the main challenges associated with livelihood strategies. This research also indicates that there are opportunities available on the ground to be used for sustainable development and self-reliance: availability of supportive policy frameworks and cultural Similarity between the hosting community and urban refugees. Moreover, this research revealed that urban refugees have both negative and positive impacts for the hosting community. The positive impacts include strengthen socio-economic and political relationship with neighbouring country, strengthened people-to-people relationship, transfer knowledge and skills, increase work habits, contribute for labour market, and inject foreign currency to the market. The negative impacts burdened on the hosting community are aggravated the price of rental house, increase unemployment rate, injects deviant behaviour such as addiction, conflict and violence. This research has come to conclude that urban refugee’s livelihood strategy is vulnerable for risk and shock as the result of less sustainable nature of their means of income.
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    Effect of Land Grabbing On Lively Hood of Peri-Urban Community: The Case of Sebeta Town
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Abebe, Admassu; Abeje Phd, Wondimu
    The main objective of the study was to assess the effect of land grabbing on lively hood of peri-urban community the case of Sebeta Town. The data were obtained from 62 randomly selected respondents by using questionnaires and interview from Oromia regional state office, towns municipality office workers other illiterate indigenous peoples of the town as well as from secondary sources were also included. To analysis the collected data were edited, tabulated, percentage and finally descriptive method was employed. The result revealed that there are many factors causing land grabbing on lively hood of peri-urban community: those are wide social, economic and political challenge to the government and also to the community itself for those who are sized the land and built illegally in unplanned manner, challenge to the government to manage and govern the duty and right of the areas community, creates volatility and hate among community and government and land grabbing has wide negative impact in every direction on government legal land governance service activity, on indigenous people, on city development, expansions of crimes, urban pollution and housing problems and lastly the pattern of urban expansion are the major ones. To regulate the impacts of urban expansion that found in the town the participation of government and dwellers of the town are very necessary
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    The Factors Contributing for Expansion of Informal Settlements: The Case Study of Yeka Sub-City, Addis Ababa Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) G/Silassie, Dessalegn; Abeje Phd, Wondimu
    In the cities of developing countries especially in sub-Saharan Africa, poverty, unemployment rate, poor living condition, lack transparency and accountability, lack of good governance are the major factors to contribute for the people to hold land informally and built houses for residential or other purposes. In most of Ethiopian cities informal settlement is highly seen in peripheral areas this is because people can easily to hold land for housing from local farmers, brokers, speculators without permission from concerning bodies. Thus, studying the contributing factors for expansion of informal settlement was found to be a crucial. The general aim of the study is identify factors that contribute for expansion of informal settlement and examine its impact on urban land Administration in Yeka sub city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods can complement each other and allow for more complete analysis my study. Accordingly, in this study a mixed approach methods which is a procedure for collecting and analyzing both quantitative and qualitative data have been used. However, during the study peripheries of woreda of the sub city that means woreda 10, 12 and 13 were selected with regard to with reliability and validity thoughts. From this total three woredas eleven ketenas has been identified for the study. In periphery area of Yeka sub city, particularly woreda 10, 12, and 13 illegal houses building was expanded from time to time. Farm plot were the highest vulnerable plot for the expansion of informal settlement in this study area (that means about 55% of the illegal built houses) were exist on the area which was far previous. On another hand, day to day the population which was migrated from rural to urban area to got job opportunity has been highly settled in this periphery area temporarily, thus, to use this opportunity as revenue generation, illegal house construction was held. In periphery area to ensure the development of urban land and protect it from being informal settlement, actively involvement of all stockholder will be very important starting from planning to implementation
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    The Impact of Mass Media for Urbanization
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019) Degefu, Gezahegn; Abeje Phd, Wondimu
    To make this research completed the study employed mixed approach, both qualitative and quantitative. The researcher used both primary and secondary sources of data. Primary information was collected mainly from both kinds of migrants; elderly migrants those who became permanent residents of Addis Ababa city and youth migrants who arrived after the Ethiopian millennium celebration. The tools used to gather the primary information were questionnaires and interview as well as FGDs guidelines for media professionals and urban research specialists. A total of 180 respondents (100 youth migrants, 55 elderly residents,20 mass media professionals ) were selected for questionnaire by purposive sampling technique. Moreover, 5 urban experts and researchers from AAU,EDRI, MoUDC were selected purposively . But 90, 45 and 15 questionnaires respectively were responded back to the researcher properly. Moreover 12 youth migrants and elderly residents (six from each) were selected to be key informants purposely for interview and 23 key informants were included (from mass media,urban sociology,toem planning,research and municipality service sectors) and 6 professionals were involved in FGDs. whereas secondary data were gathered from sources like books, articles, official documents and other pertinent publications. Descriptive statistical method was employed to analyze quantitative data about general information of migrants by using excel 2007.Whereas the qualitative data was analyzed using description as well as narration to triangulate its validity and reliability with the data set. The interview held with key informants and both kinds of migrants has been audio recorded for further investigation, adjustment and addition of some information related to this research. The result of the study indicated that mass media was not working its own assignment to bring intended urbanization because of many reasons. Inversely the urban development actors didn’t give credit for the importance of mass media as part of holistic urbanization.