Extraction, Characterization and Optimization of Banana Trunk Fiber
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Date
2016-11
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Banana plants do not only give delicious fruit but it can also provide banana fiber.
Production of natural fiber is expected to increase because their production mostly
centered on environmental friendly process and renewable. As a result production of
natural fiber to satisfy the needs could take advantage over the synthetic fiber production
in this regard.
This study aimed at production, characterization and optimization of further process
ability and mechanical property performance improvement of mechanically extracted
banana fiber. So the final outcome of the research is to produce high quality banana trunk
fiber which can be used in different sectors. The fiber is extracted manually by mechanical
process. This is because of the fiber extracted mechanically was found to be appropriate for
yarn spinning and knitting, have better color and tensile properties as well as the process
is time conserving. The fiber obtained was treated with 0.1M, 0.3M and 0.5M of NaOH for
different treatment time duration of 30min, 45min and 60min at the temperature of 300c,
600c and 900c. The fiber is treated with different concentration of chemical such bleaching
agent hydrogen peroxide(5%) and lubricants such as castor oil (10%), sodium
silicate(10%), soap(10%) and acetic acid(10%).
Three parameters of treatment which are temperature, time and concentration was
investigated. The effect of each parameter on the mechanical properties of the fiber was
studied carefully by keeping the two other constant during treatment. In this study the
obtained fiber is standardized (conditioned) at 200c and relative humidity of 60% for 24hr
according to the standard method before the tensile test for textile fiber to ensure
environmental equilibrium moisture content. The linear density of the banana fiber is
determined for treated and non-treated using ASTM-D-6612 by putting 200mm of or both
treated and untreated banana fiber in linear density measuring device. The linear density
of untreated banana fiber is found to be 9.00Ne while for treated bleached and lubricated
banana fiber is found as 26.80Ne.
Finally the fiber was tested for its strength and other properties using yarn testing
machine TEXTECHNO STATIMAT ME+ BY using ASTM: D -3822-07(ISO2062-500). It is
found that treated banana fiber at a temperature of 900c with 0.3M of NaOH for 60minute
produced the best quality and superior property in terms of tensile properties such as
elongation, maximum force, work to break tenacity and time to break.
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Process Engineering