Optimization and Characterization of Perfume Production Using Lemongrass Additive
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Date
2016-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Lemongrass is perennial herb which has been cultivating in Ethiopia and known as tej-sar which has been using to decorate the house rather than for perfume application. The objective of this study was to develop a perfume at optimum extraction point using steam distillation from tej-sar (Cymbopogon citratus). The effect of different parameters, such as extraction time and particle size was determined on the extraction yield of essential oil. The percentage oil yield in dried samples was higher as compared to fresh samples due to solvate formation.These essential oil was further analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometric (GC-MS),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to evaluate the main component which were citral as indicated by the strong intense vibration frequency in the FT-IR and GC-MS spectrograph. A general factorial design was applied to both extraction processes using DESIGN EXPERT software and linear regression model was obtained growing the individual effect of time, particle size as parameter and their interaction in the entire extraction process. For steam distillation extraction, the minimum essential oil yield has been obtained 0.125% for fresh raw material and 0.225% for dry raw material of lemongrass after the extraction time of 1.5 hours with particle size ranges from 25mm-35mm and maximum oil yield 0.81%, 0.345% was found at the extraction time of 2.5hr in a particle size ranges from 8-15mm for dry and fresh raw material respectively. From the experiment what was obtained was applicable for perfume due to it consisted of citral number that has lemony aroma. The extracted oil from tej-sar was developed into perfume using a fixative and carrier solvent and lastly sensory evaluation of perfume was conducted in the nine-point hedonic test scale to see its quality, aroma and the result was accepted. The rough profitability evaluation indicates us this project is feasible as it is clearly observed from the cost estimation, the rate of return on investment was calculated and has 54.35 % and the payback period tells us the plant return its total investment cost in one year and five month.
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Process Engineering