Onychomycosis: Prevalence and Spectrum of Fungal Etiological Agents among Patients Attending the Dermatology Clinic at All African Tuberculosis and Leprosy Rehabilitation Training CenterOnychomycosis: Prevalence and Spectrum of Fungal Etiological Agents among Patients Attending the Dermatology Clinic at All African Tuberculosis and Leprosy Rehabilitation Training Center
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Date
2018-07
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Addis Ababa Universty
Abstract
Background: Onychomycosis is among the most frequent forms of human infections; beingestimated to affect more than 20-25% in worldwide, and their incidence is constantly increasingparticularly in developing countries. Although onychomycosis is considered to be a trivialdisease the psychological effects of onychomycosis is highly considerable and because of itshigh morbidity it is a costly disease in terms of loss of working days and treatment. Anyone canget a fungal nail infection. Some people may be more likely than others to get a fungal nailinfection, including older adults and people who have nail injury or nail surgery, Diabetes and aweakened immune system and blood circulation problems.
Objective: - To determine the prevalence of onychomycosis and profile fungal etiologic agentscollected from clinical suspected samples in All African TB and Leprosy Rehabilitation TrainingCenter.
Methods: -a cross sectional study design from January to May, 2018 was conducted. A total of303 study participants were collected by convenient sampling techniques. By using standardstructured questionnaire socio-demographic data was collected and fungal pathogen fromscraped nail sample was isolate and identified by using KOH microscopic examination andcultivation on sabouroud and chromo agar. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23 softwareand P- value < 0.05 was considered as statically significant.
Results:-The overall prevalence is of onychomycosis185/303(61.3 %) in our study site. NonDermatophytes was the most prevalent (34.5%), followed by dermatophytes (28.1%), yeast(25.9%) and mixed (10%). fungal pathogen .Aspergillus was the most common species (spp)isolated among the non dermatophytes, whereas t.tonsurans and t.mentagrophyte spp wereamong the dermatophytes and from yeast genes Candida albican were isolated.
Conclusion: The prevalence and profile of fungal onychomycosis infections seems to be relatedto age, life style, and the presence of co-morbidities (P= 0.03). The present study indicated thatnon dermatophytes were the main agents causing onychomycosis. In the meantime performingdirect examination and fungal culture was important to diagnoseand treat the patients.Predisposing factors have a contribution to increase the incidence of onychomycosis.
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OnychomycosisPrevalence Risk factors