The Need for Access to Durable Solutions on the Protection of Conflict Induced Internal Displaced Persons (IDPs) in Ethiopia: The Case of IDPs in Gondar, Amhara Regional State
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Date
2024-06
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Addis Ababa Universit
Abstract
Whentheneedsoftheinternallydisplacedpeoplearemetandtheirhumanrightsare
upheldwithoutbiasduringthedisplacement,alastingsolutionisreached.Thisstudy
istoevaluatetheneedforlong-term solutionstosafeguardinternallydisplaced
people(IDPs)broughtonbywarinAmharaRegionalState,particularlyinGondar.
PriortotheworldwideadoptionoftheGuidingPrincipleonInternalDisplacementon
February11,1998,theprotectionsofinternallydisplacedpeoplewerenotgiven
much attention.Then,on February 13,2020,the GoE ratified the Kampala
Convention,which was adopted at the regionallevelto safeguard IDPs.
"Displacementshalllastnolongerthanrequiredbythecircumstances,"accordingto
theGuidingPrinciple6.ThisidearesultsinthecreationoftheIASCframeworkfor
DurableSolutionsattheregionallevel.Furthermore,DSIisdesignedtogiveIDPsin
Ethiopia access to durable solutions. Through the verbal and numerical
representationoftheIDPsandreturnees'circumstances,thisstudyuseddescriptive
researchmethodology.Primarydataweregatheredfrom IDPsattwodifferentIDP
sites:KeberoMedaIDPsite,whichislocatedintheAzezosub-CityinCentralGondar
Zone,andZarimaTemporaryIDPsite,whichislocatedintheNorthGondarZone.
Furthermore,pirmarydatawasgatheredfrom thosewhohadreturnedtoAdiarkay
WoredaintheNorthGondarZone.QuestionnairesweredistributedtoIDPsinorder
todeterminetheavailabilityofdurablesolutionprojects.Furthermore,information
was obtained through in-person interviews with government officials and
humanitarianorganizations.Totriangulatetheinformation,focusgroupdiscussions
(FGDs)andfirsthandobservationwereemployedwithreturneeIDPs.Additionally,
secondarydatafrom variousdocumentsandpublicationswerealsolookedat.A
mixedmethodwasusedtoanalysethedata,startingwithaquantitativeapproach
(SPSS)andendingwithaqualitativeexplanation.Thestudy'sfindingsdemonstrate
that,intheNorthGondarZone,internallydisplaced peoplewererelocated to
relocationcollectivesitesinZarimaKebele,whichservedastheirinitialregionof
xi
displacement.Theywereunabletoreturntotheirhomekebelesduetosecurity
threatsintheirWoreda.Theyhadlowlevelsofsafetyandinsecuritywithnogood
fortunetobeabletotravelaroundfreely,alivingwage,adecentstandardofliving,
andaccesstolegalresourcesandjusticefollowingtheirtransfer.However,following
theagreementbetweenTPLFandGoEtoendhostilities,therelocatedIDPsreturned
from theZarimaIDPSitetotheirhabitualresidence.Furthermore,theprotracted
IDPsinCentralGondarZonearestilllivinginthecollectivesitecalledKeberoMeda
IDPsite.Theinadequateresponsefrom thegovernmentinbothareasexacerbates
thescarcityofhumanitarianaid,includingfood,WASH,shelterandNFIs,health
services,andworkpossibilities.Mostcrucially,thegovernmenthasnotcreateda
legalredressforthecrimescommittedalongsideIDPsandtheirfamilies,despitethe
factthattheyhaveeitherdirectlyorindirectlybecomevictimsofviolence.The
researchersuggestedthatinadditiontoensuringtheIDPs'safetyandsecurity,the
governmentshouldupholdtheirrighttofreedom ofmovement.Additionally,the
establishmentofDSWG and the hiring oftechnical,experienced DRMO staff
membersexpresslyforthe town should setthe DSI.Amhara RegionalState
administrations.Mostsignificantly,thegovernmentshouldtakeintoaccountlong term possibilitiessuchasrelocatingthem totheirusualresidence,integratingthem
intothecommunity,orsettlingthemsomewhereelse,ratherthansendingIDPsback
totheirneighbourhoodwheretheywouldnotbeabletoaccesstheirproperties.
Thesecouldbecarriedoutincooperationwithhumanitarianorganizationsinorder
tobenefitfromtheirknowledgeandfuturefinancialsupport
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Keywords
Protection, RightsofIDPs, DurableSolutionsInitiative(DSI), Disasterand RiskManagementOfficer(DRMO)