Major Causes and Factors associated the outcome of patients with Upper GI bleeding in Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Institution Based Prospective cohort study
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Date
2023-10
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding refers to blood loss within the intraluminal
gastrointestinal tract from any location between the upper esophagus to the duodenum at the level
of the ligament of Treitz. Bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract is approximately five times
more common than from the lower gastrointestinal tract. The incidence of upper GI bleeding
ranges from 50 to 150/100,000 population annually, and as many as 70% of acute upper GI
bleeding episodes occur in patients older than 60 years. This study aimed to assess the Rebleeding
and Death at 30 days of the patient’s outcome with those upper GI bleeding in TASH, Addis
Ababa, Ethiopia.
Method: The study was an institution-based prospective cohort study. A total of 123 patients who
had upper GI bleeding were enrolled in this study, and associated factors studied. Data samples
were collected from the study participants, together with associated sociodemographic, endoscopic
findings, lab profiles, potential risk factors, and other important questionnaires, at the TASH GI
Clinic endoscopy unit from January 2023 to September 2023.
Result: The mean age of participants with GIB was 41.28 ± 16.352 (range 13–84 years). About
67 (54.5%) of patients were under 40 years of age. Out of 123 patients admitted with upper GI
bleeding, 73 (58.5%) of them stayed in hospital for less than 3 days, rebleeding at 30 days occurred
in 21 (17.1%) of patients, and death at 30 days occurred in 17 (13.8%).
Conclusion: In this study, the mortality rate at 30 days was high about 13.8% and in 17.1% of
patients, rebleeding occurred within 30 days. Variceal bleeding was found the most common cause
of upper gastrointestinal bleeding accounting for 53.7% of patients.
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Keywords
Death at 30 days, Upper GI bleeding, Endoscopy, Rebleeding at 30 days.