Internal Medicine
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Item The Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Pediatric Resident on the Primary Headache Pre and Post Educational Intervention, 2021(Addis Ababa University, 2021-12-15) Behaylu Yibe; Ayalew Moges,Headache is a common complaint among children and adolescents and is the most common referral to neurology practices, with migraine being one of the top five neurological diseases of childhood. However, it is frequently ignored by parents, teachers, and primary care providers as a significant problem, resulting in suffering in children, lost school days and impaired social interactions. It is essential for clinicians to have a thorough and systematic approach to the evaluation and management of headaches in this population as the proper diagnosis and management can lead to improved outcomes and quality of lifeItem Clinical Profile and Outcome of Patients with Clinical Diagnosis of Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis: a Retrospective Study at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2023-12-19) Beka Aberra; Addisu MelkieRapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a clinical syndrome defined by the rapid loss of renal function, accompanied by features of the nephritic syndrome with proteinuria, glomerular hematuria, and often oliguria. Early recognition and prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent irreversible loss of renal function due to the limited availability of renal histopathology services.Item Patterns of Presentation and Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2023-02-19) Kirubel Tesfaye; Beyene AssefaThyroid cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed endocrine malignancies around the world with the incidence still increasing. In spite of the increasing number of diagnosed cases, the mortality rate has stabilized or even decreased in some countries. This is achieved through the early diagnosis and implementation of effective modes of treatmentsItem Utilization of Screening Service on Cervical Cancer and Associated Factors among Female Health Professionals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2023-07) Achamyelew Melaku; Shiferaw NegashCervical cancer is the most prevalent gynecologic cancer. It is preventable and curable, as long as it is detected early and managed effectively. Yet it is the fourth most common form of cancer among women worldwide and second in Ethiopia, with the disease claiming the lives of more than 340 000 women in 2020. Its incidence and burden are high in developing regions, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The World Health Organization plans to increase vaccination, screening, and treatment of cases to 90%, 70%, and 90%, respectively, in developing countries by 2030. Early screening for cervical cancer is a key intervention in reduction of maternal deaths. Health care workers have a significant contribution to improve cervical cancer screening practice among women. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess magnitude of utilization of cervical cancer screening and associated factors among female healthcare providers in Addis Ababa, EthiopiaItem Protocol Based Breaking Bad News: Awarness and Practice among Resident Physicians Working in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University(Addis Ababa University, 2023-08-19) Amir Nuri; Abdu MengeshaEffective communication is at ‘the heart of the art of medicine, and it is recognized that in developing countries, with inefficient health care systems, the emphasis to foster better communication is lacking. Skillful delivery of bad news can provide comfort for the patient and family. There is a widespread problem with physicians’ and students’ skills and knowledge on standardized ways of Breaking Bad News (BBN). Improvements are needed on knowledge, attitude, skill and practice of protocol-based BBN such as the Setting, Perception, Innovation, Knowledge, Emotion, Summary and strategy (SPIKES) protocol. Data regarding practicing such protocols is little in Ethiopia and in developing countries as a whole. This study will determine resident physician’s awareness and practice of protocol-based BBN in the different specialty fields of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH), and serve as an evidence-based input to improve medical curriculum designItem Perinatal Morbidity and Mortality in Late and Post Term Pregnancy in Three Teaching Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a Facility Based Comparative Cross-Sectional Study(Addis Ababa University, 2023-08) Befekadu Amentie; Endalkachew MekonenThe early term and full term pregnancy is defined as that occurring between 37+0-40+6 weeks of gestation. Pregnancies with duration outside of this range are associated with perinatal morbidity and mortality. Assessment of the prevalence of adverse out comes between term, late term and post term deliveries helps to reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with late term and post term pregnanciesItem Prevalence and Determinants of Unintended Pregnancies among Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Government Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study(Addis Ababa University, 2023-07-13) Fisseha Adane; Eyasu MesfinUnintended pregnancies are a serious public health concern around the world, since they contribute considerably to negative mother and newborn health, social, and economic outcomes, as well as increasing the risk of maternal and neonatal mortality. Identifying women at risk of unintended pregnancy is critical because it can aid in the development of preventative policies and the design of interventionsItem Pregnancy outcome For Rh-D Alloimmunized Pregnancies at Two Teaching Hospitals (Tash And Gmh), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023(Addis Ababa University, 2023-10) Eyob Daniel; Esayas BerhanuRh alloimmunization refers to the process by which antibodies are produced against the Rh antigens that are found on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The disease burden is worse in developing countries, where universal anti D prophylaxis for Rh negative mothers is very suboptimal. The annual burden of still birth, neonatal death & severe hyperbilirubinemia is projected to be 41,000, 90,000, and 97,000 respectively. In a recent study at the three teaching hospitals of AAU the prevalence of Rh Alloimmunization is found to be 17.1%. This study provides measured pregnancy outcome for those mothers who are alloimmunized with Rh D antigen.Item Prevalence and Perinatal outcome of Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid among Women Come for Labor and Delivery in three Teaching Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023(Addis Ababa University, 2023-10-10) Legesse Tadege; Salih HassenThe occurrence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) during labor has been long considered the predictor of adverse Fetal outcomes such as meconium aspiration syndrome and perinatal asphyxia, which leads to perinatal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.Item Induction of labor: outcome and associated factors in three teaching hospitals of Addis Ababa university(Addis Ababa University, 2023-10-10) Nahom Shibiru; Namus MuhajirInduction of labor is an intervention designed to artificially initiate uterine contractions. Induction of labor may be less efficient and having more strain on labor wards than spontaneous labor, but has advantages like, reduce risk of intrauterine fetal death, stillbirth, sepsis and need of cesarean section. The most common reasons for induction of labor are hypertension/pre-eclampsia, postdate pregnancy, Premature rupture of membranes, and maternal disease such as or gestational or pre-existing diabetesItem Prevalence and Factors Associated with Perinatal Outcome of Singleton Term Breech Deliveries at three teaching Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study; 2023G.C(Addis Ababa University, 2023-09) Nejad Mohammed; Ahmed AbdellaBreech presentation is a type of mal-presentation where the foetal buttock and/or feet laid over the lower pole of the uterus, hence making it to be firstly delivered. It is the most common malpresentation at terms occurring in 3-4 % of deliveries. It is associated with considerable increase in perinatal morbidity and mortalityItem Prevalence and Factors Associated with Post Cesarean Delivery Anemia at Gandhi Memorial Hospital , Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023(Addis Ababa University, 2023-07-15) Semere Fisseha; Seid ArageGlobally, it is estimated that 20% of maternal deaths are caused by peripartum hemorrhage and anemia. Caesarean section is one of the most common operations worldwide, with rates increasing globally and is the main risk for both intraoperative and postpartum hemorrhage which pose higher maternal morbidity and mortality compared to other modes of deliveries in many developed and developing countriesItem Pregnancy oucomes and Associated Factor among Women with Oligohy Dramnios At ≥37 Weeks of Gestation in the two Teaching Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Cohort Study(Addis Ababa University, 2023-06) Simegnew Tilahun; Mahlet YigeremuOligohydramnios is a state of deficient amniotic fluid defined objectively using ultrasound measurements as SDP less than 2 centimetres and/or amniotic fluid index less than 5 centimetres. It has been correlated with conditions that threaten health of the fetus. The aim of the study is to assess determinants of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in women with singleton pregnancy with oligohydramnios at and after 37+0 weeks in Addis Ababa university two teaching hospitals.Item Utilization of Companionship During Labor and Delivery and Associated Factors among Women who Gave Birth at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital and Zewditu Memorial Specialized Hospital(Addis Ababa University, 2024-08-19) Wegen Tola; Endalkachew MokonnenLabor companionship refers to support provided to a woman during labor and childbirth. It is a key component of providing respectful maternity care, despite its benefit, there is few study about the status of birth companionship. The study aimed to assess labor companion and its associated factors Tikur anbesa specialized hospital, and Zewditu Memorial Specialized HospitalItem Perineal Pain in the Immediate Postpartum Period, Revalence, Severity and its Determinants in Women Giving Birth at three Teaching Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022GC(Addis Ababa University, 2023-05-15) Yoseph Teshome; Sisay TekluPerineal pain after vaginal delivery is one of the most common causes of postpartum pain. However, with maternal needs perceived as less of a priority than those of the neonate, it is often ignored. However, minimizing perineal pain after childbirth increases the comfort of the woman and enables her to fulfill her maternal roles and to continue breastfeeding.Item Barriers to Uptake of Cataract Surgery in Southern Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2023-05-13) Henok Samuel; Alemayehu WoldeyessCataract is the leading cause of avoidable blindness globally and in Africa. However, various factors limit access of cataract blind individuals to cataract surgery. This study aims to investigate the factors contributing to delayed utilization of cataract services among patients attending a free surgical eye camp in Wolaita, Southern EthiopiaItem Prevalence of Active Trachoma and Associated Factors among Elementary School Students in Butajira Town, Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2023-09-23) Muhidin oumerTo determine the prevalence of active trachoma among elementary school students in Butajira town, Ethiopia. Additionally, the study aimed to identify the factors related to its occurrence and compare the findings with previous studies conducted in the same areaItem Prevalence of Ocular Comorbidity among Students with Hearing Impairment(Addis Ababa University, 2023-09-23) Muluken Goshime; Dereje NegussieTo assess the magnitude of ocular comorbidity among hearing impaired students in Hosanna Boarding School for Hearing ImpairedItem Pattern of Ocular Manifestations in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies in Tertiary Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Research Result(Addis Ababa University, 2023-10-15) Inas Basha; Tiliksew TeshomeTo determine the pattern of ocular manifestations in patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancies at tertiary hospitalItem Dentoalveolar Injuries and Associated Factors among Patients Seen at Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Affiliated Hospitals Prospective analysis(Addis Ababa University, 2024-01-19) Zerihun Eshetu; Surafel adulaThe oral region accounts for around one percent of the total body size. Injuries to this region account for around one-third of all injuries among all ages groups and has physical and psychosocial impacts that it entails in the lives of individuals who are victims of theses injury. However, there is a shortage of informations regarding the prevalence of dentoalveolar injuries and associated factors in the study area.