Internal Medicine
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Item The Impact of BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy on Renal Function in Patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A 2023 Cross-Sectional Study(Addis Ababa University, 2024-03-03) Zekarias Seifu; Addisu M.BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors are effective in treating various cancers, but concerns exist regarding their potential to cause kidney damage. This study investigated the association between tyrosine kinase inhibitors and renal toxicities in patients at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Item Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, Outcome and Associated Factors of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients Admitted to Hematology Ward of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 21 Months Prospective, Observational and Cross Sectional Study(Addis Ababa University, 2024-01-13) Fisihatsion Tadesse; Binyam BaregaAcute lymphoblastic leukemia is one of the commonest referral diagnoses to TASH. Due to need of urgent diagnosis and treatment, there is currently a need to improve the service given to manage this type of leukemia. Patients treated for ALL in this center have usually poor outcome. There is a need to identify the gap in diagnosis and management of this disease and this study aims to fill that gap.Item Prevalence of Visual Impairment and Blindness in Butajira Town, Central Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2024-01-23) Kirubel Tesfaye; Mulugeta DemissieWHO defines visual impairment as visual acuity of less than 6/18 and blindness when visual acuity is less than 3/60. In 2020 it was estimated that there are 43.3 million people blind and 553 million had some degree of visual impairment. The number of people affected by blindness is estimated to rise to 61.0 million by the year 2050. From the causes of VI and blindness, an estimated 50% are either preventable or treatable. In Ethiopia the pooled prevalence of blindness was found to be 1.18% with regional variations and the highest rate reported in SNNPR with a prevalence of 1.9%.Item Knowledge and Practice of Neonatal Resuscitation and its Associated Factors Among Midwifes Working at Selected Health Centers of Addis Ababa(2024-06-10) Arebu Hassen; Yitbarek FantahunResuscitation of newborn is a more difficult technique that requires a high level of skill and undergoes rapid changes just after delivery. The newborn goes through significant physiological changes in the first few minutes to hours after delivery as they switch from placental gas exchange in a liquid-filled intrauterine environment to spontaneous air breathing. It might be difficult to be knowledgeable about and perform resuscitation, especially in situations where medical professionals attend few deliveries and don't often rescue infantsItem Short Term Maternal & Neonatal outcome of Operative Vaginal Delivery among Mothers who Gave Birth at Three Teaching Hospitals in Addis Ababa: a Cross-Sectional Study(Addis Ababa University, 2024-07-05) Aweke Belay; Abdu MengeshaOperative vaginal deliveries (OVD) are obstetric forceps or vacuum-assisted vaginal births carried out by trained healthcare professionals to speed up the second stage of labor. OVD is carried out when there is a sign of a disorder affecting the mother or the fetus or whenever there is a threat to the mother or the fetus that could be mitigated by second-stage intervention. Fetal distress, protracted labor, maternal tiredness, and any conditions where the mother would not be a good candidate for the Valsalva maneuver are common indications for the use of obstetric forceps and vacuum. OVD can cause severe maternal, neonatal morbidity and even mortality, especially in poor countries like Ethiopia.Item The Contraceptive Use in Non-Communicable Chronic Medical Illness Among Reproductive Age Women of Having Follow up in TASH, ZMH And SPMMC In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024(Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-05) Bethel Degefa; Endalkachew MekonnenChronic diseases, including heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and chronic respiratory conditions, are the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Women, who make up 60% of the global poor, face even greater challenges in surviving these conditions due to the impact of poverty. For women with chronic illnesses, unintended pregnancies carry a high risk of severe maternal and perinatal complications, such as congenital abnormalities, preterm labor, spontaneous abortion, premature birth, and fetal death. Ensuring access to contraceptives, especially modern methods, is crucial to enabling these women to have safe pregnancies and avoid pregnancy-related complications.Item Assessment of Adherence to Iron – Folic Acid Supplementation Amongpregnant Women Atselected Health Centers of Gandhi Memorial Hospitalcatchments, Addis Ababa Ethiopia; Cross Sectional Study 2023/24(Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-11) Bethelhem Taddesse; Ahmed AbduAssessment of Adherence to Iron – Folic Acid Supplementation Amongpregnant Women Atselected Health Centers of Gandhi Memorial Hospitalcatchments, Addis Ababa Ethiopia; Cross Sectional StudyItem Patterns and Determinants of Gestational Weight Gain among Women Attending ANC in Selected Hospitals in Addis Ababa: A Cross-sectional Study, 2024(Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-23) Eyerusalem Mengistu; Abera BedadaGWG refers to the weight gained from beginning of pregnancy until delivery. It is crucial for the wellbeing of the mother & the fetus & inadequate weight gain can pose significant risks to both. Inadequate weight gain is linked with LBW & premature delivery. Excessive weight gain is associated with macrosomia & cesarean section among other complications. Therefore, weight monitoring in pregnancy is an essential aspect of preventive care during pregnancyItem Determinats of Permatal Death among Deliveries Attended in Hospital Addis Abeba University Ethiopia: A Case Control Study 2023/2024(Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-25) Fikrte Weldeyohaness; Seid ArageItem Clinical, sociodemographic profiles, and outcomes of mothers referred to three teaching hospitals for tertiary care: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Prospective cross-sectional study(Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-15) Fozia Arebo; Sisay TekluThe referral system is crucial for ensuring that patients have access to emergency obstetric care during pregnancy and labor since the promptness and appropriateness of the referrals affect the patients' final prognosis. One of the best interventions to improve the devastating feto maternal outcomes of laboring women is early detection of problems and immediate referral to a better health care service provider.Item Prevalence and Factors Associated with Induced Abortion among Family Planning Service Utilizers in Three Teaching Hospitals of Addis Ababa University(Addis Ababa University, 2024-06-19) Henok Mekonnen; Endalkachew Mekonnen.There has been a significant reduction in the rate of induced abortion in high income countries, while the rate remains unchanged in low and middle income countries. In Ethiopia, in particular, the number of women of reproductive age seeking an induced abortion is increasing. However, there is limited information concerning the reasons why it is increasing. Abortion, besides its significant psycho social impact, is associated with medical complications including anemia, shock, genital tract infection, incomplete evacuation, peritonitis, and renal failure, which account for increased maternal morbidity and mortality.Item Early pregnancy mean arterial pressure and maternal risk factors for prediction of preeclampsia among women who delivered at three teaching hospitals in AA, Ethiopia: a case control study(Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-10) Masreshaw Bogale; Seid ArageThe diagnosis of PE is made based on high blood pressure and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation of pregnancy in previously normotensive women. The best combined first trimester screening studies for PE is one that includes maternal risk factors, measurements of mean arterial pressure (MAP), serum placental growth factor (PLGF), and uterine artery pulsatility index (UTPI).Item Maternal and Perinatal Outcome of Pregnancy Complicated with Diabetes among Women who Give Birth in Five Referral Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-23) Mulugeta Desalegn; Endalkachew mekonneItem Pattern and Relative Frequency of Gynaecological Malignancies Treated in Tikur Anbessa Specialized hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-05) Ousman Hussein; Esayas BerhanuGynecological cancers are common and are among the leading causes of cancerrelated deaths worldwide. Gynecological malignancies have a greater physical, financial, emotional, and social impact on women and society at large. The burden of these gynecologic cancer incidence and mortality rates is rapidly growing worldwide and has become an important barrier to increasing life expectancy. In Africa, cancer is emerging as a critical public health problem. Ethiopia's cancer incidence is increasing, as is the situation in other sub-Saharan nations. The pattern of gynecological cancers varies throughout various geographical locations, but unfortunately, data regarding patterns of gynecologic malignancy are not readily available in most African countries, including our country, Ethiopia. In our hospital (TASH), as it is one of the major cancer treatment centers in Ethiopia, there is a paucity of knowledge and data regarding patterns of gynecologic malignancy, and knowing patterns of gynecological malignancies will help in setting priorities for disease prevention and controlItem Assessing Palliative Care Needs and Associated Factors Among Females with Gynecologic Malignancies Visiting TASH: Facility Based Prospective Study, 2023-2024(Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-19) Rediet Mekuria; Sisay TekluPalliative care offers comprehensive support to patients and their families coping with life-limiting illnesses, addressing physical, psychosocial, and spiritual dimensions of suffering. In Ethiopia, palliative care is a relatively new concept and faces numerous challenges, including underutilization and an increasing burden due to a growing population affected by chronic and life-limiting illnesses such as cancer, HIV/AIDS, and cardiovascular diseases. Despite the high need, access to palliative care services remains limited due to insufficient healthcare infrastructure, a lack of trained professionals, and cultural barriers related to EOL care. Additionally, public awareness of palliative care is low, leading to a gap between need and utilization. These factors contribute to a heavy burden on families and the healthcare system, making it a critical area for improvement in public Health Care system of EthiopiaItem Prevalence and Complications of Elective Myomectomy in Three Teaching Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study(Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-13) Siraj Awel; Abdu MengeshaMyomectomy, which is a surgical removal of myoma (uterine fibroid), is one of the most commonly done gynecological procedures and the most common indication for hysterectomy worldwide. The procedure could be done for multiple indications, including abdominal pain, abnormal uterine bleeding and abdominal mass, infertility, and recurrent miscarriages. Even though the procedure is considered to be safe, complications still arise, including hemorrhage, infections, fever, conversion to hysterectomy, blood transfusion, venous thromboembolism, and organ injuries depending on the size, number, and location of myomas.Item Unprotected Sexual Practice and Associated Factors among AAU CHS Undergraduate Students Addis Ababa Ethiopia: Across Sectional Study(Addis Ababa University, 2024-06-13) Tadele Sewmehon; Sisay TekluOne of the primary preventative measures against HIV/STIs in Ethiopia is the usage of condoms. On the other hand, according to current reports, HIV/AIDS and other STI rates are still rising, particularly in Ethiopia's universities. This implies that risky sexual conduct is still being engaged in by people. Research from around the world shows that behavioral, socioeconomic/demographic, and environmental factors interact to cause unsafe sexItem Perinatal and Maternal Outcome of Term Prelabor Rupture of Membrance (Prom) At three Teaching Hospital in Addis Abeba(Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-23) Tazebachew Wudie; Ahmed AbdellaItem The Pattern and Associated Factors of Mucocutaneous Disorders in HIV Infected Children on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Attending Care and Treatment in ALERT Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2023: Prospective Cross-Sectional Study(Addis Ababa University, 2023-12-10) Anteneh Bekele; Bezawit LakewIn HIV infected children, skin disorders are important as they serve as clues to diagnosis of the HIV disease. Skin is usually affected by HIV/AIDS early compared to almost all organs and systems in the body. The prevalence of skin disorders among HIV infected children is up to 90% in some studies.Item Dermatology Life Quality Index amongst Acne vulgaris patients at Alert Hospital Dermatology Clinic(Addis Ababa University, 2023-12-19) Ayantu Bacha; Aklilu MelakuAcne is amongst the leading three most common cutaneous illnesses, especially in teenagers and young adults, in whom the prevalence is around 85% (ages 12–25 years). Common complications of acne include scarring and psychosocial distress which linger long after the active lesions have resolved.