Prevalence of Breakthrough Urinary Tract Infection among Patient on Prophylactic Antibiotics for Recurrent UTI on Follow up atTikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopa.
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Date
2023-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common infectious diseases
diagnosed around the globe, particularly in developing countries. It is one of the most common
microbial diseases encountered in medical practice. Risk factor for Recurrent UTI can be
Anatomic factors, toileting habits, constipation, and other factors may contribute to an elevated
risk of reinfection. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), urinary obstruction, or bladder and bowel
dysfunction (BBD) are some of anatomical factor that predispose to recurrent UTI.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of breakthrough urinary tract infection among patient on
prophylactic antibiotics for recurrent UTI on follow up at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital
Methods: This study was conducted using a hospital-based Cross-sectional study design from
August 2023 to January 2024 at Tikur Anbessa specialized Hospital Renal, Neurology and
Pediatric surgical follow-up unit. The sample size required was 277. Data was entered into
Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 (SPSS) for subsequent descriptive and
analytical statistics where applicable. Statistically, a significant association was taken for a p-
value of <0.05.
Result: The overall prevalence of BUTI was 27%. The average age was 1-4 years of age and
74.2% were males. 35.3% of the male participant were uncircumcised. The most common
indication for prophylactic antibiotic was CAKUT. 69.2% of the children were on prophylactic
antibiotic for more than 12 months. 91.2% of the children in the study used trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole as prophylactic. The most common etiology identified was E.coli (42%).
Males that were uncircumcised, neurogenic bladder and urine WBC more than 5 were associated
with increased risk for recurrent UTI. 37% of the organism that grew were resistant to more than
3 classes of antibiotics. 70% of the organisms that grew were resistant to trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole.
Conclusion: our finding revealed that there is significant burden of breakthrough UTI and
uncircumcised male children, neurogenic bladder are higher risk for breakthrough UTI and there
is high resistance pattern for the most commonly used antibiotic in our setup which is
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
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Keywords
Urinary tract infections, Patient