The Quest For Planning Models to Ethnically Enclave Gambella City, Ethiopia
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Date
2024-07-01
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The study explores planning models for the ethnic enclave of Glabella City, Ethiopia. An ethnic enclave is a residential area where a high concentration of the same ethnic group is often observed. These settlement areas may have formed voluntarily or involuntarily. In Glabella, an ethnic enclave refers to the concentration of the same ethnic group in specific areas of the city's spatial space. The factors associated with the formation of ethnic enclave and its implications on the development were unclear to many people since 1907. It never been under consideration before, even though ethnic enclave settlements are not new to other parts of the world. The study aimed to explore the factors associated with ethnic enclave settlements, their implications on development, and their segregation levels. The study also aimed to examine the policy and planning models in place since the formation of Glabella and develop a suitable protocol for the city. The study used a mixed approach for data collection, which included both qualitative and quantitative data. The population of the study was drawn from 65,091 (CSA, 2018 population projection) with a household of 16,129. To select the target population for this study, researchers used the Kothari (2004) formula, resulting in 500 households for the survey. Data collection was done using simple random sampling techniques and purposive sampling, supported by land inventory (2016). Observations, interviews, and focus group discussions were the main sources for data collection. Data analysis was carried out using RStudio (2020 and 2021) with a slight use of GIS 10.4. Descriptive from multinomial logistic regression analysis (MLRA), multi-regression analysis, and spatial visualization utilized for analysis. The data presentation was done through tables, graphics, box plots, jitter plots, descriptive visualizations, and interpretations. In simpler terms, ethnic enclave settlement in Glabella City is associated with demographic, socioeconomic, location preferences, and human actions that attract and forced residents to cluster. The consequences of ethnic enclave settlement in Glabella City include variations in sociospatial, economic, environmental, and infrastructure development. This amplifies a high level of residential segregation due to the rapid changes in social, spatial, economic, and political dimensions from ethnic enclave settlements. Moreover, the lack of clear policies and guidelines for residential settlement exacerbates the effect of enclaves in Glabella city. To ensure livability and sustainable development in Glabella City, the best approach would be to implement an inclusive multicultural city Kuajang planning model a mixed of Salad bowl and melting pot suitable for the ethnic enclave city. This model should aim to promote diversity and integration among different ethnic groups, creating a more cohesive and harmonious community. By addressing spatial and non- spatial segregation, Glabella City can work towards a more equitable and inclusive environment for all residents. This approach would involve creating mixed-use developments that cater to the needs of various ethnic groups, promoting interaction and understanding among residents. Additionally, investing in infrastructure and public spaces that are accessible to all residents as the is considered a property owned by every resident. This can help foster a sense of belonging and unity in different in the city. By embracing diversity and implementing inclusive policies, Glabella City can truly thrive as a multicultural hub where all residents can live, work, and play together harmoniously.
Keywords: Glabella city, Ethnic enclave, Development spectrums, Segregation, inclusive multicultural planning model