Geography and Environmental Studies

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Browsing Geography and Environmental Studies by Subject "Adoption"

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    Assessment of Factors Affecting Farmers’ Adoption level of Row Planting Technology and Yield Improvement on the Production of Eragrostis Teff [ZUCC.]: The Case of Minjar Shenkora Woreda, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Getu, Behailu; G/Michael, Yohannes (PhD)
    The main objective of this study is to assess farmers’ adoption level of teff row planting technology and the consequent improvement of yield and yield component achieved through the application of row planting technology on the process of teff production. Since teff is the most well known and widely consumed grain in Ethiopia for thousands of years, its importance beyond being staple food to the nations of the country is strongly tied to the socio-cultural settings of the country. Even though it is popularly consumed cereal, it was not given due attention the same as that of other grains in improving its productivity in major teff producing areas in the country. However, very recently with the provision of extension service to improve productivity of teff, row planting with the application of modern inputs have been introduced by MoA and its partners. Different reports and the media have reported that teff productivity has been increased wide spreading across the country. Therefore, to evaluate the impact of row planting technology on teff production and its challenges Minjar Senkora District is considered as a pilot area for its major production of teff. The two kebeles of Ararti Zuriyua and Korma are considered as a pilot area with purposive sampling. From the two sample kebeles a total of 113 respondents were considered for stratified and random sampling with 50 adopters and 63 non-adopters. Based on the findings of this study row planting technology improved the teff crop yield whereas its labor cost is very high compared to broadcasting. The quality of teff straw produced through row planting is very low for livestock fodder and construction material method. Due to adoption risk and vulnerability of teff production through row planting technology farmers in the study area prefer the application of broadcasting method of planting on account of its low labor cost, straw quality and application simplicity. The adoption of row planting method of teff sowing can be improved through farmers training in the demonstration centers and provision of row seeder machines. Keywords: teff; row planting technology; adoption
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    Assessment of factors determine farmers adoption behavior of soil and water conservation practices in Libo Kemkem Woreda
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Birhanu, Solomon; Legass, Asmamaw (PhD)
    Soil is an important resource which provides the required needs for human beings. But its degradation is one of the major environmental problem challenging agricultural production and productivity in many parts of Ethiopia. Even though a number of soil and water conservation methods were introduced and practiced, the study area has been experiencing declining soil fertility. This is due to continuous cropping of farm land, high population pressure, cultivation of highly inclined and marginal lands and absence of continued use of soil and water conservation measures. The main objective of the study was to assess factors that determine the adoption of soil and water conservation practices in Libo Kemkem woreda. The data used for this study was collected via interview, focus group discussion and questionnaire from Household heads, DAs, and Agriculture and Rural Development office. 136 household head sample respondents; 111(81.6%) male and 25(18.4%) female were selected from four kebeles which have different agro-climatic zone. Among them 94(69.1%) were adopters and 42(30.9%) were non-adopters of the introduced SWC practices. The collected data was analyzed by binary logistic regression model, t-test and chi-square tests. The results of logistic regression model showed that sex of HH heads, age of HH head, slope of the farm land, plan of HH heads to continue in farming activities, training and extension services were among the major factors that positively and significantly influenced adoption of soil and water conservation measures in the study area. Whereas, farm size, engaging in off-farm activities and access to credit service were found to be negatively influencing farmers’ adoption decision of SWC measures. The odd ratio result indicated that a one year increase in age of the HH heads increase adoption of SWC structures by the factor of 6.244 and male headed HHs adopt SWC structures more than female headed HHs by the factor of 3.254 times. Access to training and extension services made the study area HH heads to adopt SWC structures 1.902 and 6.292 greater times than those HH heads who had not got extension services and training. Having of plan to continue in farming activities and slope of farm land enabled the HH heads of the study area to adopt SWC structures more than those HH heads who had not plan to continue in farming and then those who had not steep slope farm plot by the factor of 1.882 and 8.978 respectively. Whereas an increasing in farm size, engaging in off-farm activities and Access to credit decrease adoption of SWC structures by the factors of (-1.187), (- 1.131) and (-3.416) respectively. From the result of the study it was possible to conclude that sex, age, slope, plan, distance, training, off-farm activities and extension services were the major factors that influenced farmers’ adoption of soil and water conservation practices. Thus to effectively address issues of adoption of soil and water conservation practices, it is possible to recommended that, the study area Agriculture and Rural Development office, non-governmental organizations and other concerned bodies should take in to consideration the factors that discourage farmers adoption of SWC measures. Key words: Adoption, Soil erosion, Soil and water conservation, Libo Kemkem District
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    Farmers’ Perception on Erosion Problem and Adoption of Soil and Water Conservation Structures: The Case of Ojoje Watershed Doyogena Woreda, Kambata Tambaro Zone, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Fitebo, Tsegaye; Legass, Asememew
    Soil erosion is one of the major causes of land degradation that resulted in low agricultural productivity in Ojoje watershed. In the study area, soil erosion by water constitutes a severe threat to improve the livelihood of the people. Soil and water conservation efforts made earlier period did not bring significant improvements. This was mainly due to different factors. The study attempted to assess the perception of farmers on erosion problem and adoption of introduced soil and water conservation measures in the area. The required data for the study were collected through questionnaire, interview, focus group discussion and field observation. The household survey questionnaire data have been tabulated and summarized by utilizing the statistical package for social science (SPSS).Mostly used soil and water conservation structures were soil bunds, fanya juu, cutoff drains and water ways. Farmers in the study area differently perceive the existence and severity of erosion problem in their farms. Many farmers perceived loss of top soil and expansion of gullies and rills as indicators of erosion while slope steepness of cultivation fields, intensive cultivation and absence of fallowing were causes of erosion. Severity of soil erosion in the study area explained as severe, moderate and minor. Introduced soil and water conservation measures were structural. Some biological measures in combination with structural measures were used. Farmers differently responded to the introduced soil and water conservation measures on cultivation fields. From 122 respondents, 35 (28.7%) removed conservation structures completely, 17(13.9%) selectively removed and the remaining 70 (57.4%) of the interviewee retained these structures in their original state. Adoption of introduced soil and water conservation structures varies depending on farmers’ perception to erosion as a problem, educational back ground, age, off farm income, plan and objective of farmer, family size, farm size, source of land and tenure security, distance of farm from homestead, contact with DAs and training, livestock holding and effectiveness of the introduced technology. Those Farmers who perceived the problem of soil erosion have better, plan to continue SWC in their farm. Farmers with better educational background and attained conservation trainings adopt the soil and water conservation structures in their farmlands. In contrary farmers who have smaller farm size, elderly farmers, farmers with off farm income, cultivating renting and share cropping lands were non adopters of conservation measures in the study area. Soil and water conservation activity needs an integration of different bodies in problem identification, planning and implementation. The study recommended that to effectively plan soil conservation measures, introduce new techniques and manage resources in the right way, it is necessary to involve local farmers Key Words: Adoption, Perception, Soil and Water Conservation, Soil erosion