Veterinary Clinical Medicine

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http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/209

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Browsing Veterinary Clinical Medicine by Subject "Animals"

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    Case Reports On Selected Clinical Cases of Domestic Animals Presented To Animal Health Facilities in and Around Adama and Bishoftu, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021) Bethel Befekadu; Dr. Abdi Feyisa
    Animals play significant roles in human lives and economic well-being of countries. Thus, if people want to use animals, they must keep them healthy and handle carefully. Despite considerable efforts to prevent domestic animal diseases, their impact remains to be severe across the world. In Ethiopia, although extensive works have been done in veterinary clinics and hospital to diagnose and treat animal diseases, most of the works are being done empirically and getting well-documented data on clinical cases is challenging. Therefore, this study was aimed to give scientific documents on selected clinical cases of domestic animal in Adama and Bishoftu towns. The case handling began with the owner‘s complaint, then detailed clinical examinations and treatments were prescribed tentatively and later confirmatory laboratory diagnoses were done either to continue or alter treatments, and recommend prevention and control approaches. The animals were followed until they were fully recovered, either at the clinic during subsequent therapies or at home for diseases with prolonged recovery. Each case report was compiled following a scientific case reporting format and different diagnosis and treatment approaches were used depending on the types of the cases. A total of 19 case reports including 24 single animals and 2 flocks are included in this study. Cattle, small ruminants, dogs, chickens, and rabbit were among the domestic animals addressed. These case reports also include diseases that affect different body systems and various causative agents including bacterial, viral, parasites, fungal, metabolic, hormonal, mechanical and tumor cases. Therefore these case reports address and set scientific steps of disease diagnosis methods, rational treatment approaches of different diseases including treatment trial and prophylactic drug usage and gives evidences for the presence of some uncommon diseases and their impact.
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    Clinical Case Repots of Selected Diseases of Veterinary Importance on Different Domestic Animals In and Around Bishoftu Town, East Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021) Gishu Beriso; Dr. Abdi Feyisa
    Ethiopia is known for its highest livestock resource worldwide; however, the benefits obtained from the sector are disproportional due to various factors. The livestock disease is among the principal constraints that hinder productivity either through morbidity or mortality of animals. Although there are no standardized diagnoses or treatment protocols to follow, veterinary health centers in Ethiopia have been handling plenty of clinical cases daily. Thus, these case reports were compiled to provide diagnosis and treatment approaches of various diseases in different species of animals brought to Veterinary Teaching Hospital and SPANA Ethiopia of CVMA from Bishoftu and its vicinity. Young and adult animals with different physiological stages and sexes were examined from December 2020 to June 2021. The clinical case handling began with the owner‘s complaint followed by a physical examination; then, tentative diagnosis and treatments were prescribed after samples were collected for further laboratory confirmations to continue or change the first therapy and recommend control and prevention measures. The animals were then followed until they fully recovered either at the clinic during the subsequent therapy or at their home. A total of 21 animals were examined of these, 7(33.3%) were cattle, 5(23.8%) goats, 4(19.1%) dogs, 3(14.3%) sheep, 1(4.8%) horse, and 1(4.8%) chicken. Of these, 15 (71.4%) were fully recovered, while 5 (23.8%) died and 1(4.8%) was euthanized. Livestock diseases with various causes including viruses, bacteria, parasites, and plant poisoning were handled. Out of these, viral diseases were the most frequently encountered followed by a bacterial disease. During this work, challenges from the owner‘s side and unavailability of drugs, health centers, and inpatient facilities were encountered. These had directly or indirectly affected the treatment outcomes of the cases. Therefore, based on the findings, creating awareness to the livestock owners, establishing animal health centers near them, and consulting suppliers to import drugs with remarkable therapeutic effects were recommended to lessen animals and economic losses of diseases.
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    CLINICAL CASE STUDIES ON MAJOR ECOUNTERED DISEASES OF VETERINARY IMPORTANCE AND EVALUATION OF SMART PHONE BASED MOBILE APPLICATION AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL IN AND AROUND BISHOFTU; CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
    (2019-06) Walkite, Furgasa; Fikadu Regassa (Prof), Mr. Takele Beyene
    Livestock sector supports the livelihoods of a large proportion of rural households in most African countries and also Ethiopia is known for its high livestock population. Despite the large number of livestock in Ethiopia the sector is characterized by low productivity due to wide range of disease prevalence. The present case studies described different clinical cases of various infectious and non infectious diseases and their therapeutic management in different species of animals brought to Veterinary Teaching Hospital and Society for the Protection of Animal Abroad of Addis Ababa University from Bishoftu and its surrounding. Animals of different age and different species with different physiological status were examined from September 2018 to June 2019.The examination method involved owner complaint/anamnesis, detail clinical examinations of animals and usage of Ethiopia differential diagnosis and investigation center smart phone as a diagnostic tool. Animals were treated and managed based on tentative diagnosis using broad-spectrum antimicrobials and supportive drugs based on the manufacturer guideline. Parallel to treatment, samples from the diseased animals were collected and processed following laboratory procedures to reach on definitive diagnosis. The cases were then well followed to know status of recovery through telephone conversation. A total of 25 animals were examined of which 76% (19/25) were ruminants while 24% (6/25) were equine, poultry, and canine. Among these, 32% (8/25), 24 % (6/25), 16 % (4/25), 12% (3/25), 8% (2/25), 4% (1/25) and 4% (1/25) of the diseases were caused by virus, bacteria, parasites, miscellaneous, metabolic, fungal and protozoal respectively based on clinical pictures,therapeutic diagnosis and laboratory results. Among the treated animals 80 % (20/25) were recovered, 12 % (3/25) were died and 8% (2/25) passed for postmortem examination. From a total of 22 animals, in 12 (54.5%) animals; the EDDIE diagnosis was matched with the laboratory confirmation of the case, but not in 7 (31.8%) of animals. In conclusion, this study revealed viruses and bacteria were the most common pathogen causing disease followed by parasites. In general, highest proportions of animal diseases could be cured if appropriate therapeutic management and rational drug use are applied. Based on this finding, creating awareness on early treatment of animals for farmers; accessing all necessary data of disease and including all species of animals on smartphone, and installing advanced diagnostic tools in VTH and training of animal health workers were recommended to facilitate the routine animal health care service and reduce the prevalence of disease.
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    Clinical Case Studies On Selected Diseases Of Veterinary Importance and Evaluating Smartphone Based Mobile App ‘ Eddie’ as a Diagnostic Tool In And Around Bishoftu, Central Oromia, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021) Tolesa Ebisa; Dr. Sisay Girma; Takele Beyene
    Livestock provides crucial contributions to human wellbeing. Ethiopia possesses the largest livestock population in Africa. Despite of having a large number of livestock, Ethiopia is not optimally utilizing the sector due to low productivity and a wide range of disease prevalence. Treatment of ailing animals in Ethiopia had gotten fewer attention years ago because the health policies give more attention to preventive medicine. The present case study was conducted from November 2020 to June 2021 at VTH and SPANA of AAU-CVMA, Bishoftu, and its surroundings to study different clinical cases of various infectious and non-infectious diseases and their therapeutic management in different species of animals of different ages and different physiological status using detailed physical and clinical examinations of animals together with Ethiopia differential diagnosis and investigation center (EDDiE) as a diagnostic tool. Therapeutic management of animals was based on tentative diagnosis using broad-spectrum antimicrobials and supportive drugs based on the manufacturer‟s instructions. For a definitive diagnosis, following laboratory standards samples were collected from tentatively diagnosed animals and then further processed. To check the recovery status of animals‟ routine follow-up was continued at the clinic during the successive therapies, through a telephone conversation, or at home with prolonged recovery. A total of 19 different cases, 24 animals were examined of which 70.8% (17/24) were ruminants while 29.2% (7/24) were equine, canine, and poultry. Among these, 36.8 % (7/19), 31.6 % (6/19), 10.5 % (2/19), 5.3% (1/19), 15.8% (3/19), of the diseases were caused by bacteria, virus, parasites, fungal, and metabolic, respectively based on clinical pictures, therapeutic responses, and laboratory results. Among the treated animals 83.3% (20/24) were recovered, 8.3 % (2/24) (dog & donkey) died and 8.3% (2/24) passed for postmortem. From a total of 19 cases, in 13 (68.4%) cases; the EDDiE diagnosis was matched with the laboratory confirmation of the case, but in 6 (31.6%) of cases EDDiE was not matched with laboratory results on confirmation. In conclusion, this case study revealed bacteria and viruses followed by parasites were the most common pathogen causing disease in animals. Appropriate management and rational drug use revealed the highest proportion of animals‟ recovery and awering community in disease prevention and control method was forwarded.