Anatomy

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Browsing Anatomy by Subject "associated factors"

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    Magnitude and Associated Factors of Chewing Khat During Pregnancy and its Impact on Maternal, Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes in Eastern Ethiopia, 2022: Cross Sectional, Prospective Cohort and Histopathologic Study
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-06-07) Amsalu Taye; Miressa Bekana
    Less is established about the maternal and fetal effects of chewing khat during gestation and hence, it is problematic to elaborate a robust evidence base on its effects. So far, a few reports exist which demonstrate the relationship between khat chewing and a few birth outcomes. In addition, these limited studies did not perform mediation analysis to explain how khat chewing affected the reported birth outcomes. Therefore, the present study is the first to demonstrate a model that clarifies how selected variables mediate the relationship between khat chewing during gestation and pregnancy outcomes, providing an explanation for how khat chewing during gestation can affect pregnancy outcomes. Additionally, to date there exists no attempt to demonstrate the effects of chewing khat during gestation on maternal, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in a prospective cohort study design. More importantly, there exists no pervious attempt to demonstrate the effects of chewing khat during gestation on placenta and umbilical cord in histopathologic study approach.
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    Prevalence of Burn Injury, Patterns, and its Associated Factors among Burn Patients attending Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College and AaBET Hospitals. A Two-year Retrospective study
    (Addis Ababa University, 2026-01-21) Melkamu Tewabe; Soresa Abebe; Mekonen Eshete
    Background: Burn is an injury to the surface layers of the body caused by agents such as fire, scald, electricity, chemicals, sunlight, or nuclear radiation. Burn injuries remain a major health concern, especially in low-resource settings with high morbidity and mortality rates. Comprehensive burn patterns and epidemiology data in developing countries like Ethiopia are limited. Thus, this study reflects the recent patterns of burn injuries at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College and Addis Ababa Burn, Emergency, and Trauma hospitals in Addis Ababa. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence, patterns, and associated factors of burn injury among burn inpatients admitted at Addis Ababa Burn, Emergency, and Trauma hospital and Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College from April 1st, 2023, to March 31st, 2025. Method: A hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using a stratified sampling technique. Data was gathered using a systematic checklist that was taken from the national burn patient medical record formats. EpiData version 3.1 was used to enter the data, while SPSS version 27 was used for analysis. The factors linked to burn injuries were described using logistic regressions, chi-square tests, and descriptive statistics. The results were represented using the Crude Odds Ratio (COR) and Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) Results: Among trauma patients, the prevalence of burn injuries was 15.92%, with 45.3% being hospitalized. Most patients were aged<15 years (55.5%) and male (54.7%). Hot fluids/Scald (56.9%) and flame (21.9%) burns were the commonest causes, frequently affecting the upper extremities (60%). Second-degree burns (60.6%) and injuries involving <10% total body surface area (48.2%) were the most common clinical findings. By Multivariate regression analysis, burn depth (AOR=0.011 for second-degree, p<0.032) and total burned body surface area (AOR≈0 for <30%, p<0.0001) were identified as significant predictors of complications. Among 137 burn patients, 73% discharged without complications, while 14.6% had scar of contracture, 8% disability, and 4.4% mortality. Conclusion: Burn injuries unevenly affect children and are mostly caused by preventable household incidents. The extent and depth of burns significantly predict the severity of complications, indicating the need for targeted prevention programs and enhanced care capacity. These results recommend improved burn care protocols and public education to decrease the burden of burn-related morbidity.
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    The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Uterine Myoma at the Gynecology ward in Three Governmental Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-12-17) Mekdes Sisay; Abay Mulu
    Uterine myomas, also known as leiomyomas and uterine fibroids, are monoclonal tumors that develop from the myometrium's smooth muscle cells. The prevalence of myoma varies amongst specific research and countries from 4.5% to 68.6%. Uterine fibroids can also be related to reproductive problems, including decreased fertility, miscarriages and pregnancy loss, and negative obstetric results.