Food Security Studies

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http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/15

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Browsing Food Security Studies by Subject "Addis Ababa"

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    Assessment of Households’ Vulnerability to Flood along Ginfle Watershed and Their Risk Management Strategies, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2022-05) Elsabet Gorfu; Temesegen Tilahun (PhD)
    The assessment of households’ vulnerability to flood alongside Ginfle watershed and their threat control strategies Arada Sub-city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The study adopted cross sectional survey research design types, explanatory and descriptive research design was applied and both quantitative and qualitative research types of data were collected from primary and secondary sources. The quantitative data were collected from household through interview schedule while qualitative data were gathered using key informants interview, focus group discussions and observation. To select the study area purposive samplings and 215 participants were selected by applying random sampling technique. In order to attain the proposed objectives the study employed instrument like questionnaire, KII, FGDs, and Personal Observation. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistical analysis (such as frequency, percentage, mean and Standard Deviation and vulnerable index. The exposure indices for past flood experience is 0.97 and household location from the river 0.99. The calculated exposure indices were high because more than 0.98 % of the people in this area had previously experienced flooding. Among the 215 respondents 156(72.6%) said that their household are vulnerable to flood the rest 59 (27.4%) did not vulnerable to flood this indicates that serious concern are need for improvement of flood vulnerable area. Based on the finding concluded that flood vulnerability along Ginfle river higher when calculate vulnerability, exposure, sensitivity of the study area need serious concern because vulnerability level in this are 0.98 showed . It is recommended that the Addis Ababa city administration with concerned stakeholder implement better land use planning, adapt early warning, awareness creation, providing weather forecast, public participation and designing sustainable flood manage strategies should be implemented. Lastly, future researches should adopt an inductive and participatory approach to assess vulnerability.
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    Effect of Postharvest Loss of Fruits and Vegetables on Consumers and Retailers Food Security during Retail at Lafto Fruit and Vegetable Market Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-10) Kalkidan Fekadu; Abebe Haile (PhD)
    The study amid to determine effect of postharvest Loss of Fruits and Vegetables during Retail at Lafto Fruit and Vegetable Market Addis Ababa, Ethiopia’. One third of all food produced on the planet and about a half of all fruit and vegetables are lost and not consumed. A crosssectional study was undertaken among 354 retailers and consumers. Simple random sampling technique was employed for selection of consumers attending the market and retailers were selected by systematic sampling, interviewed to obtain quantitative data on demographic and socioeconomic variables, factors associated with post -harvest and food security behaviors. Both descriptive statistics and econometric analysis were applied using SPSS version 20 software. Furthermore, chi-square was done to explore the association between the predictor factors and post -harvest loss of fruit and vegetables. Also ordered logistic regression was used to determine the significance of food security with variables. The study finding showed that 53.2% retailers were food secured which indicate retailers were more food secure than consumers 47.9%. The finding of ordered logistic regression revealed that those who faced the postharvest lost were 12.355 times more likely to be moderately food in secured as compared to being food secured (AOR=12.355; 95%CI = 2.312 - 66.025, Pvalue=0.003). In addition to this, both the retailors and customers who had less amount of household income were found to be 1.0001 times more likely to be moderately food in secured as compared to that of food secured study participants. Based on the finding of this study working on reduction of post -harvest loss of fruit and vegetables were very important to enhance the food security status of both consumers and retailers.
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    Livelihoods Coping Mechanisms of Solid Waste Collapse Induced Displaced Households: The Case of Reppie Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2022-06) Tigist Misganaw; Temesgen Tilahun (PhD)
    In developing countries urban poor are forced to concentrate on physically dangerous sites which are closed to industrial facilities, toxic waste, solid waste dumps, which are susceptible to landslides and flooding. Ethiopia has also encountered collapse of mountain of solid waste in the capital Addis Ababa which claim the life of the many individuals and destruction of the property, and displaced many households from new resettlement areas. Displaced households often lose assets when they are forced to flee their home and land. They may also be unable to pursue their former work, leading to unemployment, underemployment or informal work, and a significant drop in income. Livelihood loss may lead to reduced access to food and an increase in malnutrition. The main aim of this research is to identify livelihood coping mechanisms applied in Reppie solid waste collapse induced displace in Addis Ababa. By taking a systematic randomly selected sample of 223 households from four new resettlement areas. Mixed research approach was employed and triangulation was vital method of converging concurrently collected data through survey, and FGDs. The data were analyzed using frequency tables, percentage, logistic regression and chi-square test. And livelihood coping capacity status was also ranked using Coping Strategy Index weighting calculation developed by World Food Program (WFP). The outcome of the study indicates that 38.1 % of displaced HHs are face food shortage or money to buy food for so that they engaged Livelihood coping strategies (LCS). Based on LCS standard, it is found that HHs using Neutral coping strategies 4.7%, Stress coping strategies is 52.9%, crisis is 12.9% and 29.9% is emergency coping strategies. The four most applied LCS strategies are 54.7% purchased food on credit or borrow food, 48.8% sold household goods or assets, 46.5% spent their saving and 46.5 % also reduce nonfood expenses (health, education, social events). The most severe strategy is begging practiced by 8.8% HHs. In the bi-variate logistic regression, the engagement of Livelihood based coping strategies is associated with age of household ages, education status, access to credit, size of households, income source type and ownership of house. Finally, recommend that an emergency food support should carry out and parallel initiate livelihood developmental interventions so as to avert the consequence of coping strategies. As well as develop resilience capacity at time of shock or stress.
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    Urban Agriculture and Food Security: The Case of Vegetables Production in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-04) Habtamu Serbessa; Teferee Makonnen (PhD); Meskerem Abi (PhD)
    The world, including Ethiopia, is experiencing an unprecedented era of urbanization. By 2050, the global population is projected to reach 9.7 billion, with 70% residing in cities, mainly in low- and middle-income nations. The recent COVID-19 pandemic and the escalating climate crisis urge us to reconsider our food production and distribution methods. In response, urban agriculture has gained prominence as a means to transform the global food system. This shift seeks to improve access to and the availability of nutritious food, create income opportunities, and contribute to community rebuilding as part of resilience efforts. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the status, challenges, and potential opportunities of urban agriculture and food security in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, with a specific focus on vegetable production. This study investigated several research questions by describing what farmers do (descriptive methods) and analyzing why they do so (analytical methods). To achieve this goal, the study used a variety of tools, such as SWOT analysis (identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats), force field analysis (analyzing driving and restraining forces), and scales to measure food insecurity (Household Food Insecurity Access Scale) and dietary intake (Food Consumption Score). Finally, a statistical method (regression model) was used to pinpoint the factors affecting food security and how much of an impact these factors have on the likelihood of household experiencing food insecurity. The findings showed that most farmers grow vegetables through rivers, not only for easy watering but also to protect the river's health. These vegetable gardens are close to their homes and focus on leafy greens such as kale and lettuce. Most farmers grow vegetables for both their own families and for sale. Interestingly, more than 70% of the people involved in urban farming were fairly new to it, having less than five years of experience. This suggests a large increase in the ability to grow vegetables in cities within this area. Most of them saw this growth as positive because they not only provided households with fresh, healthy food but also lowered their grocery bills and offered income-generating opportunities. These improvements ultimately led to better food security and dietary intake. However, a study revealed a concerning reality within the study area. A significant portion of the population struggles with food insecurity and may not be consuming a balanced diet. While the majorities achieve an acceptable level of food consumption, there is a need to address the challenges faced by those experiencing borderline or poor dietary intake. Safe housing, job opportunities, and stable family structures (such as marriage) were linked to better food security in the study. xiii While a skilled workforce, good conditions, motivated farmers, and government support could boost urban farming, the sector faces challenges. These include limited land, unclear rules, poor soil, trouble obtaining supplies, hot markets, lack of training, and weak support. Transportation issues and a public unaware of the benefits add to the struggles. To address these challenges and improve sector productivity and profitability, this study recommends the need for a socially and economically oriented dualistic urban agriculture framework. This plan would focus on helping farmers use resources better, reach markets more easily, and create a supportive environment. The study also recommends connecting farmers with research and extension services to introduce and use new technologies effectively. This could significantly improve urban agriculture in the region.