Veterinary Pathology

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Browsing Veterinary Pathology by Subject "Abattoir"

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    A Clinic-Pathological Study, Lesion Characterization and Financial Loss Due to Fasciolosis and Hepatic Necrobacillosis in Cattle Slaugthered at Three Municipal Abbatoirs of Central Ethiopia
    (2020-06) Wondimu, Hika; Dr. Bulto Giro, Dr Jirata Shiferaw
    The study was conducted from October, 2019 to May, 2020 by using cross-sectional study design to assess a clinic-pathological, lesion characterization, and financial loss due to fasciolosis and hepatic necrobacillosis in cattle slaughtered at three municipal abattoirs of central Ethiopia. Sixty cattle were selected using systematic random sampling for this study, from which blood samples and liver tissue of the same animals were collected before and after slaughter, respectively. Tissue sampling for bacterial culture and histopathology were collected from the infected liver. Post-mortem inspection results, 41.6% (25/60) gross pathologic lesions, of these, 20% (12/60) were mixed infection of liverfluke and Fusobacterium necrophorum while 8% (5/60) and 13.3% (8/60) of the infections were due to Fusobacterium necrophorum and liverflukes alone, respectively. The histopathologic examination of the affected livers indicated heavy infiltration of inflammatory cells, biliary cirrhosis and extensive fibrous of connective tissue proliferation in the hepatic capsule. The hematological assay results indicated that PCV, Hb, and RBC’s were lower in the infected cattle while, the WBC’s (Eosinophilia, Neutrophilia, Monocyte, and Lymphocyte) were higher. The biochemical analysis of blood samples from the infected cattle showed that the liver enzymes AST, ALT, and ALP were significantly higher in animals with hepatocyte degeneration. The estimated financial losses due to liver condemnation by fascioliasis and hepatic necrobascillosis were 1,747,200 ETB/ ($56361.3) annually. Therefore, the study concluded that the liverflukes and infections due to Fusobacterium necrophorum are the major problems of cattle slaughtered at the selected abattoirs of the study areas. Thus, corrective measures and further investigations are recommended to lessen economic loss from fasciollosis caused liver condemnation.
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    COMPARATIVE STUDY ON LESIONS OF REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS OF COWS AND FEMALE DROMEDARY CAMELS SLAUGHTERED AT ADDIS ABABA, ADAMA AND AKAKI ABATTOIRS WITH BACTERIAL ISOLATION
    (2017-06) Aynalem, Mandefro; Dr. Tilaye Demissie
    A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to May 2017 on reproductive organs of cows and dromedary camels slaughtered at Akaki slaughter house, Addis Ababa and Adama municipal abattoirs to compare lesions and bacteria isolates. A total 280 reproductive organs (140 form cows and 140 from camels) were grossly inspected. Grossly visible lesions were documented and tissue samples with lesion were collected for histopathological lesion characterizations and bacteriological isolations. Various pathological lesion with different degrees of severity were observed in 36.4% (n=51) and 34.2 % (n=48) of cows and dromedary camels, respectively. Age, species and body conditions of animals were not statistically associated with most of the disorders (P>0.05). Comparatively, in cow the most frequently observed lesions were that of ovaries 16.4% while in camels it was that of uterus 21.4%. Grossly, endometritis were characterized by congestion in acute cases and congestions and thickening in chronic cases. Microscopically, endometrial glands degenerations, sloughing of epithelium, periglandular cuffing and infiltrations of inflammatory cell were some of characteristics change observed in endometritis. Grossly, the follicular cyst were large, some of them occupied the entire ovary and very thin walled. Microscopically, the follicular cysts were characterized by extremely thin granulosa layers. Most of endometritic tissues cultured for bacterial isolations were positive for either single and/or mixed bacterial infection. Staphylococcus species 28.5%, Streptococci species 19.6%, Coynebacterium species 8.9%, Escherichia coli 26.7%, Salmonella species 10.7% and Klebsiella species 5.35% were isolated from cows uteri, while in the dromedary camels, Escherichia coli 35.5%, Staphylococcus species 26.6%, Streptococcus species 13.3%, Pseudomonas species 6.6 %, Proteus species 4.4%, Salmonella species 8.8% and Klebsiella species 4.4% were isolated. It could be concluded that reproductive organ lesion were important problem in both species of animals and these disorders might be causes of infertility and appearance of these females in abattoir. The role of each identified lesion on infertility needs further investigations.
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    Pathological Changes in the Reproductive Organs, Lesion Characterization and Bacterial Isolation From cows Slaughtered at Addis Ababa and Adama Municipality Abattoir
    (Addis Ababauniversity, 2016-06) Tamirat, Banteyegegn; Dr. Abie, Getinet
    A cross-sectional study was conducted on reproductive organs of cows slaughtered in Addis Ababa and Adama municipality abattoir with objective of characterize the pathological lesions and isolate and identify possible aerobic bacteria from lesion. Out of the 209 genital tracts examined 12.9% (n=27) were pregnant and excluded from study. From total 182 reproductive organs examined 55 (30.2%) have one or more visible gross lesions. The most common abnormalities encountered were follicular cysts (2.20%), Luteal cysts (1.6 %,) Par ovarian cysts (3.3%), ovarian hypoplasia (2.2%), ovarian bursa adhesion (2.7 %), ovarian hemorige (1.6%), endometritis (18.7%), Pyometra (2.2%), Mucometra (1.1%) and Hydrometra (1.6%) with endometritis being the most frequent abnormality. Age, breeds, body conditions (BCS) and origin of animals were not statistically associated with the disorders (P>0.05). Endometritis were the major disorder recorded in this studies accounting for 34 (18.7 %) and all 34 endometritic ureine tissue were positive either single and/or mixed bacteria. E. coli 17 (50%), S.aureus 18(52.9%), S. hicus 1(2.9%) S. intermedius 2(5.9%), C.N.S. 12(35.3%), Streptococcus spp. 24 (70.6%) Proteus bulgaris spp 5(14.7%), and C. fundi 1(2.9%) were the bacteria isolated. It could be concluded that reproductive tract abnormalities were important diseases in the study areas which could have considerable impact on the reproductive performance of cows and in fact could be the sole reason for coming of these cows to abattoir. Another thing that worth mentioning was that significant (12.9%) of number of pregnant dairy cows were slaughtered which in fact should not have been happened. Key words: Abattoir, cow, endometritis, Ethiopia, lesion, reproductive disorder
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    PATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF LESIONS AND BACTERIOLOGICAL ISOLATION OF CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF SWINE TUBERCULOSIS AT BISHOFTU AND ADDIS ABABA ABATTOIRS, BISHOFTU, ETHIOPIA
    (2018-06) JIRATA, SHIFERAW; Dr. Gezahegne Mamo, Dr. Kasa Demissie; Dr. Tilaye Demissie, Gobena Ameni (Prof)
    A cross sectional study was conducted at Bishoftu and Addis Ababa Abattoirs from September 2017 to May 2018 to estimate abattoir based prevalence of tuberculosis in swine, to isolate Mycobacterium species involved and to characterize the lesions. Five hundred and fifty six (556) swine were examined. Tubercle like granulomatous lesion were detected in 19.6% (109/556) of different organs of which 12% (69/556) was in lymph nodes, 5.7% (32/556) in the lungs, 1% (6/556) in the liver and 0.36% (2/556) in the spleen. Based on microscopic changes 4.7% (26/556) of lesions were tuberculous granulomatous type with central necrosis, calcified foci, epitheloid cells admixed with lymphocyte and connective tissue boundries, 3.6% (20/556) pyogranulomatous and 2.5% (14/556) non necrotic granulomatous lesion without epitheloid cells and connective tissue capsules. In lymph nodes, severe depletion of lymphocytes, calcification, cellular debris and aggregation of macrophages were observed microscopically. The tuberculous lesions found in lymph node were statistically significant (P < 0.05) than in other organs. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that old aged swine were more likely to have characteristic tuberculous lesion (OR = 3.14, 95% CI, 1.62-6.09) than younger ones. From the tissue cultured, 7.5% (3/40) yield growth on primary culture media. The observed colony morphology was smooth whitish or yellowish color, sticky, off-white and breaks apart easily and two (5% (2/40)) of these growth were acid fast positive by Zeihl-Neelsen staining technique. Based on culture result, and typical histopathologic lesions it could be concluded that pork can be source of tuberculosis to human when consumed under cooked and routine abattoir inspections should be conducted. Therefore, further molecular and biochemical research to isolate the species of microbacteria is highly recommended to elucidate the type of lesion and its magnitude in different body organs by considering large number of swine.
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    Study on Clinical Pathology, Gross and Histopathological Alterations Caused by Trematode Infections and Their Associated Risk Factors in Ruminants Slaughtered at Three Municipal Abattoirs in Central Ethiopi
    (Addis Abeba University, 2023) Adisu Wakuma; Dr. Jirata Shifera; Professor Yacob Hailu; Professor Getachew Terefe
    A cross-sectional study was conducted to study clinical pathology, gross and histopathological alterations Caused by trematode infections and their associated risk factors in ruminants slaughtered from November 2022 to June 2023 at three municipal abattoirs in central Ethiopia. Thorough ante mortem and post mortem inspection was undertaken in the selected abattoirs. For this purpose, a total of 256 ruminants were involved in the study through systemic random sampling techniques and d analyzed for trematode parasite infestations. From the selected animals, 137 bovines, 64 ovines, and 55 caprines, were analyzed for trematodes parasites. The overall prevalence of ruminant fasciolosis and paramphistomosis was 32.42% (83/256) and 43 (16.80%), respectively. There was no statistically significant variation in the prevalence of ruminant fasciolosis between the different species of animals, but there was a significant association between paramphistomosis and animal species. The prevalence of fasciolosis was higher in caprine (41.82% (23/55) and lower in bovine (29.50%) (40/137), followed by ovine (31.25% (20/64) and was higher in young animals (45, 40.54%) than in adult animals (38, 26.21%), but the prevalence of paramphistomosis in young animals was lower (17, 15.32%) than in the adult group (26, 17.93%). The association of Fasciola prevalence and ages showed that there was a significant difference (p 0.05). The infection rates of fasciolosis and paramphistomosis for ruminants with poor body condition were 47.62% and 28.57%, while for medium body condition they were 32.81% and 28.97%, and for good body condition they were 28.97% and 15.89%, respectively. Based on ruminant origin, Jima (52.63%), and Dukem (22.50%) had the greatest rates of fasciolosis and paramphistomosis, respectively; but lowest in Adama (11.76%) for fasciolosis. Fasciola-infected ruminants show histopathological changes including hemorrhages, hepatocytic wall dilatation, necrosis, hypertrophy, and portal fibrosis, while paraphistomes-affected animals show muscular degeneration, loose of villi and microvilli. Hematological assay results show lower Packed cell volume, femoglobin, White Blood Cell, and Red Blood Cell counts and higher liver enzymes, while total protein and albumin are lower in infected animals. The study showed a high prevalence of fasciolosis and paramphistomosis in the study areas. Therefore, Further study is needed on trematode infection, its epidemiological distribution, snail intermediate hosts, and strategic measures for effective control options.