Federalism
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Browsing Federalism by Subject "Conflict Management"
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Item IGR and Interregional Conflict Management in the Ethiopian Federation: The case of Oromia and SNNP Regional Governments(Addis Ababa University, 2018-07) Aman, Mustefa; Wakjira, Ketema (PhD)This Thesis focuses on horizontal IGR between Oromia and SNNPR with a particular reference to the role of IGR in managing conflicts between West Arsi Zone (Oromia) and Sidama Zone (SNNPRS) based on the empirical evidences from the case Woredas on both Sidama of SNNPRS and West Arsi Zone of Oromia. It specifically examines the effectiveness of the institutions and mechanisms of IGRs for managing conflicts between these two administrations; and thereby evaluate whether the extant IGRs mitigate the conflicts. In order to achieve these objectives, the study employed in-depth interview, key informant interview, Focus Group Discussion and document review for obtaining primary data sources; and it has also utilized different secondary sources including books, Articles journal, published and unpublished sources. The study found out that, despite the previous studies view that the competition over natural resources as a principal cause of conflict between Sidama and West Arsi, the conflict was initially started for social recognition (killing as a signal for braveness and social prestige). At present, there are several underlining causes of the conflict ranging from historical, cultural, economic, and political to identity issues prior to the adoption of the federalism and after the formation of the federation. To this end, both traditional conflict resolution (TCR) and IGRs have been utilized to manage the conflict between Sidama of SNNPR and West Arsi of Oromia. Nonetheless, the IGR solution, which was predominantly informal in its form, to manage this conflict has been ineffective than the TCR. But the TCR alone, given the context of federal arrangement in the study area, couldn’t effectively resolve the conflict and the dynamics of issues at the interface between Sidama and West Arsi. It is, therefore, a contention of this thesis that a good combination of both the TCR and more formalized horizontal IGR could efficiently resolve the conflict between the Sidama of SNNPR and West Arsi of Oromia. Key Words: IGR, HIGR, Conflict Management, Interregional relations, Traditional Conflict ResolutionItem Traditional Conflict Management and Resolution Mechanisms: The Case of Shako People in Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2018-10) Fiseha, Mengistu; Feyisa, Dereje (Associate Professor)The general objective of the study has been to identify, describe and understand the traditional conflict management and resolution mechanisms of the Sheko people. To this end, the study has employed a qualitative research approach and the lived experience of the Sheko people in their traditional way of conflict management and resolution in-depth described. Data were collected using focus group discussion, interviews, and non-participatory observation and moreover relevant literatures and governmental documents are reviewed. It is found that, the Sheko people have developed traditional conflict management and resolution institutions such as Koynab, Burjab, Kalicha and Bertussa and a complex ritual also underpins these conflict management and resolution mechanisms, which cement the reconciliation to be long lasting. Different types of conflicts instigated as a result of theft, abduction, homicide, inter-clan conflict, boundary conflict and family quarrels are managed and resolved having their own mechanisms and rituals. The decision enforcement mechanisms in the form of social sanctions and the compensation mechanisms for the victims vary based on the type of conflict. The relation between the government centered conflict management and resolution mechanisms and the Sheko traditional conflict management and resolution mechanisms are identified and described. There is an opportunity for forum shopping and their alliance is need based. The accumulated wisdom of the community serving the community and creating essay accesses to justice in serving the public are identified as the strength of the traditional conflict management and resolution mechanisms. On the other hand, the traditional conflict management and resolution mechanisms are not gender sensitive and hence the roles of women are minimal and moreover, the system is irresponsive to the challenges of modernity. Key words: Conflict Management, Conflict Resolution, Traditional Conflict Management and Resolution, Sheko People