Veterinary Obestrics and Gynaecology

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Browsing Veterinary Obestrics and Gynaecology by Subject "California Mastitis Test"

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    Association of Subclinical Mastitis and Lameness with Reproductive Performance and Subclinical Endometritis in Zebu X Friesian Crossbred Dairy Cows In And Around Jimma Town Dairy Farms, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023) Nuraddis Ibrahim; Prof. Fekadu Regassa; Dr. Tefera Yilma; Prof. Tadele Tolosa
    A longitudinal observational study was conducted to assess the association of subclinical mastitis and lameness with reproductive performance and subclinical endometritis in crossbred dairy cows. The California Mastitis Test and cytobrush technique were used to screen for subclinical mastitis and subclinical endometritis, respectively. Samples positive for subclinical mastitis were subjected to bacteriological analysis. Lameness in cows was also assessed using a 5-point locomotion scoring system. Analysis of progesterone and cortisol concentrations in blood serum of cows was performed using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay “ECLIA”. A total of 84 clinically healthy cows were tested for subclinical mastitis using the California Mastitis Test. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis at cow level was 51.2% (43/84). The prevalence of subclinical mastitis in 108 lame cows was 53.7% (58 of 108). Based on the results, the 192 cows according to the study were divided into the following four groups: Group I (n=43) cows with subclinical mastitis, Group II (n=50) are lame cows, Group III (n=58) lame cows with subclinical mastitis and Group IV (n=41) healthy cows (control group). Lame cattle are also classified as no lameness, mild lameness, moderate lameness, lameness, and severe lameness. Mean number of days from calving to first mating interval was highly significantly longest in lame cows with subclinical mastitis (122.71±28.6) than for lame cows (120.98±31.3), subclinical mastitis cows (120.51±24.5) and healthy cows (85.15±28.3) (P<0.05). Mean number of services per conception was significantly highest in lame cows with subclinical mastitis (3.66±1.31) than lame cows (3±1.6), subclinical mastitis cows (2.51±0.83) and healthy cows (1.59±0.81) (P<0.05). Cows clinically lame had a longest calving to first service interval when compared with cows which were never lame and those mildly lame. The difference was significant (P<0.05). Lowest conception and pregnancy rates at first services were observed in lame cows with subclinical mastitis. Cows that were clinically lame had a lowest conception rate at first services than cows that were never lame and mildly lame, although the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Clinically lame cows had a lowest pregnancy rate at first services than cows that were never lame and mildly lame (P<0.05). Risk factors analysis revealed that prevalence of subclinical mastitis, lameness and in lame cows with subclinical mastitis significantly differed with the parity and body condition score (P<0.05). The present study revealed that subclinical mastitis and lameness were significantly and directly associated with subclinical endometritis (P<0.05). Progesterone concentrations highly decreased in lame cows with subclinical mastitis than in subclinical mastitis and lameness alone while the cortisol concentrations also highly increased in lame cows with subclinical mastitis. The major bacterial isolate was Staphylococcus aureus. In conclusion these results provide further evidence that combined occurrence of subclinical mastitis and lameness inflict harmful effects on fertility and hormonal profiles of dairy cows than those diagnosed with mastitis and lameness alone, emphasizing the relevance of mastitis and lameness control programs in dairy farms.