Browsing by Author "Tadesse, Mekonnen(Assestant Professer)"

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    Count Regression Models for Under-Five Deaths in Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba university, 2015-06) Alemu, Yenew; Tadesse, Mekonnen(Assestant Professer)
    Under-five mortality is defined as the likelihood for a child born alive to die between birth and fifth birth day. Mortality of under the age of five has been the main target of public health policies and is a common indicator of mortality levels, especially in developing countries. It is also viewed as an indicator of the level of development, health and socioeconomic status of the population. The objective of this study was to identify determinants of under-five mortality in Ethiopia using the 2011 EDHS data. To achieve the objective of this study descriptive statistics and count regression models were used for data analysis using socio-economic, demographic and environmental related variables as explanatory variables and the number of under-five deaths per mother as the response variables. Factors influencing the number of under-five deaths have been identified. The study revealed that mother’s age at the first birth, breastfeeding status, wealth index, current mother working, region and mother’s level of education had statistically significant on the number of under-five deaths in rural parts of Ethiopia. Similarly, mother’s level of education, age of mothers at the first birth, toilet facility and work/employment status of mothers were found to be statistically significant with the number of under-five deaths per mothers in urban parts of Ethiopia. Also region, age of mothers at the first birth, mother’s level of education, breastfeeding status of mothers, wealth index and employment status of mothers were found to be statistically significant effect with the number of under-five deaths in Ethiopia
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    Determinants of Contraceptive use Among Married Women in Ethiopia: Ordinary Logistic and Multilevel Logistic Regression Analyses
    (Addis Abeba university, 2012-11) Yihunie, Eskezeia; Tadesse, Mekonnen(Assestant Professer)
    Ethiopia is one of the sub-Saharan African countries with alarming population growth rate (2.6%) and high total fertility rate. To reduce high population growth and high fertility in Ethiopia, the contraceptive use status of women needs to be increased. The main objective of this study was to examine the determinants of contraceptive use and to examine how socio-economic, demographic and other proximate factors measured at different levels of a multilevel structure affect contraceptive use. The EDHS 2011 data have a two-level hierarchical structure, with 9,324 married women nested within eleven regions. The ordinary logistic regression and multilevel logistic regression model analysis were used to identify determinants of contraceptive use. The results of the ordinary logistic regression revealed that place of residence, woman education level, age group, religion, exposure to mass media, visited by family planning workers, desire for more children, knowledge about family planning methods, education of partners and both occupation of women and their husbands/partners were important determinants of contraceptive use. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was employed to examine regional variations. The random intercept model revealed that there was a significant variation in contraceptives use across regions. The results of random intercept with fixed slope model showed that contraceptive use in Affar and Somali regions were below the average for all regions while Addis Ababa and Amhara have better performance than the average. The Random coefficient model was used to investigate whether individual level covariates vary across regions. The results showed that contraceptive use varied across regions, and regional level random effects of mass media exposure (radio, TV and newspapers) and religion were found to be significant in explaining variations for contraceptive use across regions of Ethiopia. As a result special attention needs to be paid, in particular, to the regions while formulating family planning policies in Ethiopia, for better success rate of family planning intervention programs
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    Determinants of Women Unemployment in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Model Approach
    (Addis Abeba university, 2012-06) Mulu, Mesfin; Tadesse, Mekonnen(Assestant Professer)
    Employment of women in economic activities has several beneficial effects for women and their families. Women unemployment represents a growing concern worldwide. The main objective of this study was to identify and describe the determinants of women unemployment in Ethiopia. The study is made based on the 2011 Ethiopian Demographic and Socioeconomic Survey (DHS) which was conducted by Central Statistical Agency (CSA) of Ethiopia. To analyze the data, descriptive, standard logistic regression analysis and multilevel model were used. The descriptive result revealed that about 64.42% of the women were unemployed while 35.58% were employed. The logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the effect of each predicator variable on the unemployment status of women. Accordingly, region, place of residence, age, marital status, exposure to any mass media, husband’s/partner’s occupation, sex of household head, economic status of the household, educational level, and presence of child of age 5 years and less in the household were found to be the significant determinants for women unemployment. Moreover, multilevel modeling was used to analyze nested sources of variability in hierarchical data, taking account of the variability associated within each level of the hierarchy. The estimates of the multilevel model show that variables that are reported to be significant in logistic regression analysis were also found to be significant. The effect of these significant variables is the same for each region in Ethiopia but the effect of mass media is not the same for each region in Ethiopia
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    Factors Affecting the Practice of Female Genital Mutilation of Ethiopian Women
    (Addis Abeba university, 2011-06) Assefa, Roman; Tadesse, Mekonnen(Assestant Professer)
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    Factors Affecting use of Contraceptive Methods Among Ethiopian Women
    (Addis Abeba university, 2011-06) Mekonnen, Bezarede; Tadesse, Mekonnen(Assestant Professer)
    The fertility rate in Ethiopia is very high. According to the 2000 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) an Ethiopian woman gives birth on average to 5.9 children. Problems posed by high fertility rates and population growth have sparked studies of the factors determining contraceptive usage since contraceptive is used for birth control. The major objective of this study is to determine the factors that affect the use of contraceptive methods for Ethiopian women. The study is based on data from the 2005 EDHS with a total of 14,070 women in the age group 15-49 years. Binary logistic regression and descriptive statistical measures are used for the analysis. The binary logistic regression analysis is applied to examine the association between contraceptive usage status and women's demographic, socio-economic, and cultural characteristics. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the age of a woman, place of residence, religion, partner’s education level, woman’s education, information about family planning (FP) on radio, frequency of listening to radio, visit by FP worker, region and wealth index were the most important variables that explained the variability in contraceptive usage. Women who had higher education and higher partner’s education, higher wealth status, were exposed to radio, resided in urban areas, catholic women, exposed to FP message on the radio, were visited by FP worker, aged from 25-29, and especially those who lived in Addis Ababa were more likely to use contraceptive methods.
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    Factors Associated with Child Labour in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Model Approach
    (Addis Abeba university, 2017-06) Mehari, Bekalu; Tadesse, Mekonnen(Assestant Professer)
    Despite the world’s promises to care for every child, the scourge of child labour still leaves countless children deprived of their most basic rights. The causes of child labour remain debatable. Child labour is a complex problem whose roots are deeply embodied in cultural, social, political, and economic structures and traditions of societies. Child labour is a serious problem in the world today. The problem is very severe in Sub-Saharan African countries. Among the Sub-Saharan African countries, Ethiopia is one of the countries with a high incidence of child labour. The major objective of this study is to identify and examine the key factors associated with child labour in Ethiopia. The study focused on children aged between 5 and 14 years using the 2013-ENLFS cross-sectional dataset. Descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression and multilevel logistic regression were used for analysis. The observed sample data revealed that 32% of 5-14 years old children were engaged in child labour. The binary logistic regression analysis results revealed that region of residence, sex of the child, age of the child, place of residence, child’s relationship with the household head, literacy status of the household head, employment status of the household head and the household size are significant factors associated with child labor in Ethiopia. Conversely, school attendance of the child, marital status of the household head and sex of the household head were not associated with child labor. The results of the multilevel logistic regression indicated that the effect of place of residence varied across regions of Ethiopia. Keywords: Child Labor, Ethiopia, Multilevel Logistic Regression Models, Odds Ratio
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    Factors Associated With Number of Children that Women in Ethiopia Would Like to Have in Their Lifetime
    (Addis Abeba university, 2017-06) Nigatu, Daniel; Tadesse, Mekonnen(Assestant Professer)
    Most frequently, fertility preference is defined as desired family size, ideal number of children, and the desire for additional children or the fertility intention. Despite the various strategies and policies to reduce family size, Ethiopia’s total fertility rate still remains high at 4.8 partly attributed to strong preferences for large family sizes. The main aim of this study was to explore the factors that influence desired number of children among women in Ethiopia based on data from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2011. Count regression models were used to model the desired number of children among women in Ethiopia. Separate analyses were made using the data with sampling weights and without sampling weights and the results revealed that both the descriptive and count regression analyses results using the data with sample weights are different from the results obtained using data without sample weights. Among the count models considered, the Zero Inflated Poisson (ZIP) model was found to be the most appropriate model for analyzing the data on the desired number of children by women in Ethiopia. The ZIP model fit results indicated that religion, wealth index, women age, women education, Place of residence, whether a woman has living children, contraceptive use and women occupation are significantly associated with the desired number of children that women in Ethiopia would like to have in their life time. Key words: Ethiopia, fertility rate, Ideal number of children, socio-demographic factors, statistical weight, Count Regression models
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    Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Stunting Among Under-five Children in Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba university, 2012-06) Getabil, Fekade; Tadesse, Mekonnen(Assestant Professer)
    Stunting is a well-established child health indicator for chronic malnutrition related to environmental and socio-economic circumstances (WHO, 1995 and 1996). According to the 2011 EDHS report by the Ethiopia CSA, nationally, 44 percent of children under age five are stunted, and 21 percent of children are severely stunted. This study is an attempt to identify socio-economic, demographic and proximate predictors of stunting among under-five children in Ethiopia. In this study the data source is the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2011(EDHS 2011) by the Central Statistical Agency (CSA). The survey collected information on a total of 10,282 children aged less than 60 months out of which 8,487 children were considered in this study. In order to meet our objectives descriptive, multiple logistic regression and multilevel logistic regression statistical techniques were used for data analysis using socio-economic, demographic and health and environmental variables as explanatory variables and status of stunting as the response variable. The results of the analysis show that child's age, educational status of mother, educational status of partners, and low socioeconomic status were significant risk factors for stunting in under five children in Ethiopia. The results also suggested that children living in rural parts of the country and children from uneducated mothers are at higher risk of stunting