Determinants of Contraceptive use Among Married Women in Ethiopia: Ordinary Logistic and Multilevel Logistic Regression Analyses
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Date
2012-11
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Addis Abeba university
Abstract
Ethiopia is one of the sub-Saharan African countries with alarming population growth rate
(2.6%) and high total fertility rate. To reduce high population growth and high fertility in
Ethiopia, the contraceptive use status of women needs to be increased. The main objective of this
study was to examine the determinants of contraceptive use and to examine how socio-economic,
demographic and other proximate factors measured at different levels of a multilevel structure
affect contraceptive use. The EDHS 2011 data have a two-level hierarchical structure, with
9,324 married women nested within eleven regions. The ordinary logistic regression and
multilevel logistic regression model analysis were used to identify determinants of contraceptive
use. The results of the ordinary logistic regression revealed that place of residence, woman
education level, age group, religion, exposure to mass media, visited by family planning workers,
desire for more children, knowledge about family planning methods, education of partners and
both occupation of women and their husbands/partners were important determinants of
contraceptive use. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was employed to examine regional
variations. The random intercept model revealed that there was a significant variation in
contraceptives use across regions. The results of random intercept with fixed slope model
showed that contraceptive use in Affar and Somali regions were below the average for all
regions while Addis Ababa and Amhara have better performance than the average. The Random
coefficient model was used to investigate whether individual level covariates vary across
regions. The results showed that contraceptive use varied across regions, and regional level
random effects of mass media exposure (radio, TV and newspapers) and religion were found to
be significant in explaining variations for contraceptive use across regions of Ethiopia. As a
result special attention needs to be paid, in particular, to the regions while formulating family
planning policies in Ethiopia, for better success rate of family planning intervention programs
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Married Women in Ethiopia: