Determinants of Women Unemployment in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Model Approach
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Date
2012-06
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Addis Abeba university
Abstract
Employment of women in economic activities has several beneficial effects for women and their families. Women unemployment represents a growing concern worldwide. The main objective of this study was to identify and describe the determinants of women unemployment in Ethiopia. The study is made based on the 2011 Ethiopian Demographic and Socioeconomic Survey (DHS) which was conducted by Central Statistical Agency (CSA) of Ethiopia. To analyze the data, descriptive, standard logistic regression analysis and multilevel model were used. The descriptive result revealed that about 64.42% of the women were unemployed while 35.58% were employed. The logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the effect of each predicator variable on the unemployment status of women. Accordingly, region, place of residence, age, marital status, exposure to any mass media, husband’s/partner’s occupation, sex of household head, economic status of the household, educational level, and presence of child of age 5 years and less in the household were found to be the significant determinants for women unemployment. Moreover, multilevel modeling was used to analyze nested sources of variability in hierarchical data, taking account of the variability associated within each level of the hierarchy. The estimates of the multilevel model show that variables that are reported to be significant in logistic regression analysis were also found to be significant. The effect of these significant variables is the same for each region in Ethiopia but the effect of mass media is not the same for each region in Ethiopia
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Unemployment in Ethiopia