Browsing by Author "Mengistu, Zuriyash (PhD)"

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    Anti- Retoviral Therapy Adherence Among Hiv-Infected Children Aged 2-14 Years in Tikur Anbessa Sepcialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Diriba, Ketema; Mengistu, Zuriyash (PhD)
    Background: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a strong predictor of progression to AIDS and death. The fact that a nearly perfect adherence is required in ART has remained a major challenge to people infected with HIV. Consequently, non-adherence to the proposed antiretroviral regimen is considered to be one of the greatest dangers to the response to treatment on an individual level and the dissemination of resistant viruses on the community level. Objectives: - The aim of the study was to identify the adherence level and associated factors with adherence to ART among HIV infected children aged 2- 14 years in Black Lion Specialized Hospital ART clinic, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method: - A cross-sectional study was conducted between April and May, 2015 in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 190 children aged 2-14 years on first line ARV regimen for at least six month were included in the study. The registered list of the children on ART by unique ART registration number was used as sampling frame. Data was collected by using interview with structured questionnaire. Ethical clearance was secured from Addis Ababa University College of health sciences institutional ethical review board. The collected data was cleaned, checked for quality, coded and analyzed by using manual and statistical methods, logistic regressions were computed. Odds ratios were computed to determine the level of significance. Result: A total of 190 children were included in this study, and 89.8% of the participants had taken their prescribed ARV drugs fully for the past 7 days. Considering individuals who had ever missed their dose regardless of time reference, overall adherence rate 87.75% was obtained. Although most frequently mentioned reason of missing their dose in the last one week was forgetting (48.1%), ADRs, Quarrel among family are also found to be barriers to adherence. After controlling the effects of other variables, two variables namely income and occupation were found to be significantly associated with adherence to ART in children. Conclusion: Adherence rate obtained in this study is lower than what is required. Forgetfulness, ADRs, and quarrel among family were most frequently mentioned barriers of adherence. Income and occupation are factors found to be significantly associated with adherence to ART in children
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    Assesment of Magnitude and Associated Factors of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Gudeta, Hoffola; Mengistu, Zuriyash (PhD)
    Background: Neonatal hyperbilirbinemia (NH) is a recognized cause of brain damage and bilirubin encephalopathy resulting in long-term sequel like sensory-neuronal hearing loss in the survivors and death. Objective: To assess magnitude and associated factors of NH among neonates admitted at neonatal NICU from September 11/2014 to September 11/2016 in TASH. Methodology: Retrospective cross sectional study was conducted on neonates admitted at NICU of TASH and 356 neonates were systematically selected among all admitted neonates. Study was conducted from January 2017 to June 2017. Supervisors and data collectors were BSc health professionals. Pre-test was conducted on 5% of sample before the starting of actual data collection. Checklist was adopted and modified from literatures to collect data. Supervisors were checked the collected data daily for completeness. Data was first entered to Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20.0 to clean and analyze data. Relation between dependent and independent variables were assessed and presented using odd ratios and confidence intervals. Statistical association was considered as significant if p-value was less than 0.05. Ethical clearance for the study was received from Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences. A formal letter was written to TASH and permission was secured at all levels. Result: Medical record of 356 neonates were reviewed and 160(44.9%) of them developed NH. 89(25%) of males and 71(19.9%) of females were developed neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Their serum bilirubin level was from 5.6mg/dl to 77.7mg/dl. Among associated factors of NH: ABO incompatibility 57(35.6%), sepsis 30(18.8%), idiopathic cause 22(13.8%), breast feeding jaundice 16(10%) and Rh isoimmunization 14(8.8%). Age of neonates was significantly associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in logistic regression. Conclusion and Recommendation: Magnitude of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in this study was near to half of selected neonates. Among identified associated factors of NH, ABO incompatibility and sepsis were the leading cause. So, early prevention and timely treatment of NH is important since it was a cause of long term complication and death in neonates. Keyword: Magnitude, Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia
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    Assessment of Rehabilitation Service Utilization and its Barriers at Cancer Centers of Black Lion General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia, 2014
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Worku, Teshager; Mengistu, Zuriyash (PhD)
    Background- Cancer and its treatment may result in physical and mental impairment because of this cancer survivor increasing attention has been given to improving functional recovery that is oncology rehabilitation. Rehabilitation is the key of functional recovery. In Ethiopia, in 2010 there were greater than 2,000 adult and 200 pediatrics cancer patients annually but in 2013/2014 the estimated number of cancer patients was 2040 monthly from available patient record. Objective – To assess the oncology rehabilitation service utilization and its determinants among cancer patients at cancer center of Black Lion General specialized Hospital. Methods- Across sectional quantitative study was conducted for 423 cancer patients comes for treatment to the cancer center during the study period. All patients greater than 18 years old and mentally well were included in the study and the data was processed and analyzed by using EPI data (version 3.1) and SPSS (version 16.0) soft ware. Result - Out of the participants of this study (388) 26% of respondents were involved at least once in rehabilitation service. The leading types of cancer at cancer center breast cancer (25%) and followed by colorectal cancer (20.6%) and cervical cancer (14.7%). Main rehabilitation services given were nutritional and psychological support. Unavailability, lack of professionals and cost among the barriers Conclusion and recommendation majority of patients have not gained comprehensive appropriate rehabilitation services so that increase the knowledge of the professionals and comprehensive programs are needed Keywords- Cancer rehabilitation, Oncology service Utilization, barriers of rehabilitation service utilization
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    Magnitude of Burnout and its Associated Factors Among Nurses Working in Public Hospitals of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Gashaw, Destaye; Mengistu, Zuriyash (PhD)
    Background- Nurses are exposed to professional burnout due to their exposure to physical, mental, and emotional stressors, which can lead to numerous complications in their personal, social, and organizational life. Objectives- To assess the magnitude of nurses‘ burnout and its associated factors in public hospitals of Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. Methodology- Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted on 369 sample nurses selected by systematic sampling technique. These nurses were selected from five public hospitals; those were Felge Hiwot, Debre Birhan, Debre Markose, Debre Tabore, and Dessie referral hospitals. Hospitals were selected purposively from Amhara regional state. Adopted structured self-administered Amharic version questionnaire was used. The questionnaire contains of 22 items, which includes 8 items in emotional exhaustion, 5 items in depersonalisation and 9 items in personal accomplishment. Pre-test was conducted on 10% of sample in BLH to assure reliability and validity. Data was, coded and entered in Epi data version 3.7 and analysed by SPSS version 22 software. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the variables. Multivariate analysis, AOR, 95% CI and p-value <0.05 were used to identify variables which had significant association with dependant variable. Result- A total of 369 participant nurses were included in this study, with response rate of 100%, from these respondents 186 nurses (50.4%) were suffered from professional burnout. There is significant association between burnout and educational status [AOR=3.66; 95% CI: (1.11, 12.01)], service year [AOR=1.94; 95% CI: (1.11, 3.38)], work load [AOR=0.43; 95% CI: (0.19, 0.99), intention to leave their work [AOR=0.41; 95% CI: (0.25, 0.67), health status [AOR=2.27; 95% CI: (1.18, 4.37)] and health problems [AOR=2.32; 95% CI: (1.14, 4.73)] had association to nurses‘ professional burnout. Conclusion- This study shows that high proportion of nurses were suffer from burnout due to their work. This study also showed that there is a significant association between factors such as educational status, service year, workload, intention to leave their work, current health status, and health problems and professional burnout. Key words: Professional Burnout, Nursing, Exhaustion
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    Prevalence of Mdr-Tb and Treatment Outcome Among Tuberculosis Patients Attending At St. Peter Tb Specialized Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Mequanint, Gashaw; Mengistu, Zuriyash (PhD)
    Background-The emergence of drug resistance tuberculosis, particularly MDR-TB has become a major public health problem in a number of countries and an obstacle to the global TB control efforts. Information on treatment outcomes among hospital patients with multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and tuberculosis were scare in Ethiopia. Objective:- The study was carried out the prevalence of MDR-TB an Treatment outcome among tuberculosis patients attending at St. Peter TB specialized Referral Hospital from January 1, 2011to end of December 2013. Method:- The study design was descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study using data collected from medical records, radiological reports, bacteriological reports and consultant reports of MDR TB on 680MDR tuberculosis patients. Data has taken from January 2011 to end of December 2013 .Frequency, median and range were computed for descriptive analysis. Binary and multiple variety analysis were computed for inferential analyze. The ethical approval was obtained from AAU Institutional Review Board (IRB).Patient care records were kept confidential. Result: The median age was 29 years (inter-quartile range 24– 37), with similar sex proportions (53.5% female).The number of MDR TB patient vary with their residence .Most of the patients were from Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia 385 (56;4%) followed by Oromo region 144(21%).. MDR TB prevalence increase from time to time as the study showed that 22.9% in 2011 to 48$ in 1013, There were strong association between the contracting co infection and MDRTB unsuccessful outcome. Conclusion and recommendation: MDR TB prevalence increase from time to time. There were strong association between the contracting co infection and MDRTB unsuccessful treatment outcome. Therefore; use of rapid, sensitive and specific methods for detecting MDR-TB must be recommended to combat the problem of MDR-TB. Keyword- MDR-TB, Resistance TB, Anti- TB Regimen