Browsing by Author "Assefa, Temtim (PhD)"

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    Assessing Business and Information Technology Alignment Maturity: the Case of Commercial Banks In Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-12-02) Rahmeto, Abdlselam; Assefa, Temtim (PhD)
    Information technology (IT) is changing the way companies organize their business processes, communicate with customers and deliver their services. An important condition for realizing potential benefits from the use of IT is the alignment between an organization‟s business strategy and processes, and its IT capabilities. However, IT and business alignment remains a top concern for IT and business executives. This research aims to assess the maturity level of Business-IT alignment (BITA) of commercial banks in Ethiopia through the utilization of Luftman's Strategic Alignment Maturity model (SAMM) as a framework. The researcher made use of the descriptive survey methodology to collect, analyze and interpret data relevant to the research objectives. Mixed method approach was employed in conducting this study, which was primarily used for triangulation purposes. To address the research questions of this study, two private and one publicly owned commercial banks were selected purposively. Accordingly, Commercial bank of Ethiopia, Dashen bank and Awash international bank were included in the study based on the selection criteria since they are commercial banks and pioneer in implementing information and communication technology infrastructure and IT solutions. Regarding target respondents, purposive sampling specifically expert sampling/Judgmental sampling was used to select seventy five senior IT and business expertise/managers to participate in the study. The study found that the overall average maturity of the banks IT-Business alignment is at Level2/Committed Process based on the Strategic alignment maturity model (SAMM) scale of Level1 (Initial/Ad hoc Process) to Level5 (Optimized Process). The study also identified that the factors „Scope & Architecture‟, 'Governance' and 'Partnership' have relatively high maturity level while the other factors 'Skills', 'Communication' and 'Competency' have relatively low maturity level. When comparing between private and publicly owned banks, the average maturity of IT-business alignment in the publicly owned bank is 2.46 where as in private banks are 2.49. The difference between the two categories of banks in factors 'Governance', 'Scope & Architecture' and 'Skills' were statistically significant. The result also revealed that commercial banks are investing huge amount of resource and concerning more in the implementation of new technologies and improving their IT infrastructures, as that was indicated by better level of maturity in the 'Scope & Architecture'. However, they gave less attention to develop the skill of their employees concerning on strategic alignment of IT and business. Especially in facilitating opportunities for cross functional training and job rotation which have a great role on the attainment of better alignment. Moreover the results of this research can help IT and business practitioners to further elaborate organizational skills training programs necessary for banks to improve their employees' performance throughout their journey towards BITA.
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    Assessment of Teachers’ Ict Competency in the Use of Ict In the Classroom In Addis Ababa City Preparatory Schools
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06-04) Chimdessa, Turi; Assefa, Temtim (PhD)
    Over the past few years, information and communications technology (ICT) has become more important to education sector. And education is the key for development while the integration of ICT into education is the key to complement and generate support to teachers’ professional development and students’ learning skills. But for this effective utilization of ICT in education, it needs the competent teacher in ICT. Hence, the overall objective of the study was to assess teachers’ ICT competency level and its influence in the use of ICT in the classroom in Addis Ababa city administration. The study was conducted in 3 public and 5 private preparatory schools found in Addis Ababa City. The sample schools were selected by simple random sampling technique. The researcher used descriptive survey design method. The Study used frequency, percentage, mean, Std. deviation and, t-test. As additional work, SMART PLS application software was also used to undertake path coefficient analysis relationship between variables. The study found that most of the preparatory schools already started to formulate a vision towards the development of ICT in their schools. Even though some of the teachers have computer in their home and school, the overall result of teachers’ ICT accessibility revealed that, there is a significance problem on the ICT access for teaching purposes. According to this study, most of preparatory teachers have basic computer skills and their level of competency falls in medium level; their attitudes of using ICT in classroom falls in high level but their usage of ICT in class falls nearest to low level class. The absence of ICT training in case of capacity building towards the new technology in preparatory school and lack of articulated school vision on integrating of ICT in teaching activities are those main challenges for teacher ICT competency. Insufficient knowledge of using ICT, insufficient skills of how to use ICT equipment, absence of ICT facilities in preparatory school such as Internet, computer etc. are also another challenge for teacher ICT competency for not use ICT in classroom. Finally, this study was revealed that, governmental teachers’ ICT usage in the class is better than private teachers’ ICT usage. Also the accessibility of different ICT tools in government is better than private schools.
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    Core Banking System Selection and Implementation Framework in Ethiopia: The Case of Oromia Credit and Saving Share Company (OCSSCO)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-09-15) Tafesse, Tolesa; Assefa, Temtim (PhD)
    Core banking system is a vehicle by which banks and financial institutions move to their desired goals and objectives. In order to avoid wrong selection and failed implementation of this crucial system, firms need to consider two things: understanding of their current and future business needs and having strategic master plan for selection and implementation of CBS. The main objective of this study was to design a framework for selecting and implementing Core banking system for financial institutions in Ethiopia, particularly OCSSCO. The case study method was adopted to carry out this research. Qualitative research method was used for data collection. Semi structured and unstructured interview was used to collect data from respondents. Seventeen (17) individuals were selected from different departments in OCSSCO including top level managements and vendors and external IT consultants who had direct involvement in CBS project work and management as sample frame for this study. The data collected was analyzed and presented. From the findings, the study concluded that steps such as defining business needs, determining criteria, managing RFP process, evaluation of solutions, using reference feedback and approval of Bid are important for CBS selection. The study also revealed that top management support and commitment, professional project manager, competent project team, creative problem solving, risk management, conflict management and change management are the CSF for CBS implementation. Finally CBS project selection and implementation framework was proposed which consists of four major phases (CBS selection, CBS implementation, CBS evaluation and improvement and successful CBS). The developed framework was evaluated for its relevance using focus group discussion.
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    Designing E-Banking Cardless Transaction Services Framework for Banking Sectors in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-06-30) Teshome, Abebaw; Assefa, Temtim (PhD)
    Electronic banking signifies and encompasses the entire sphere of technology initiatives that have taken place in the banking industry and it is a generic term making use of electronic channels through ATM, Mobile phones, etc. for the delivery of banking services and products. From E-banking technologies, cardless EATM enable to withdraw cash from ATM without virtual or any card and increases enhanced utilization of ATM in banking sectors and allows banks customers to complete one or more banking transactions without the involvement of any bank official. The main purpose of this research would be to identify, analyze and interpret the existing system challenges then to design and propose E-banking cardless transaction services framework relevant to enhance utilization of E-banking services and to evaluate the proposed framework along with the prototype. Different challenges related to existing E-banking carding system motivated the researcher to conduct this study. The researcher used Design Science research approach to identify, analyze and interpret the existing carding system problems and DS research approach too to design and propose ECTS framework relevant to enhance utilization of E-banking services. Personal observations, document analysis and semi structured interview data collection methods were used and 23 respondents were involved on semi structured interviews. Based on the study result, card expiration, captured, dispute and forgotten were the main challenges on the existing E-banking system and the remaining challenges have low impact on enhanced utilization of E-banking services. All of the respondents were used Mobile and ATM services and based on the findings, there was low utilization of E-banking services which requires the framework to be designed. ECTS framework was designed along with the prototype. Domain experts were evaluated both the framework and the prototype, then acceptable result was found from the evaluation. The integration of ATM and Mobile banking services and the ECTS framework development can enhance proper utilization of E-banking services but the researcher recommends to conduct the research by incorporating any more banks and branches then implementation of the designed ECTS framework also will be the vital issue.
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    Information System Outsourcing Risks in Banking Sector of Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-10-02) Lemessa, Kenno; Assefa, Temtim (PhD)
    Outsourcing, a management practices strongly consolidated within the area of Information Systems, is currently going through a stage of unstoppable growth. The aims of this research are to determine the IS services that are currently being outsourced and to describe the main reasons which may lead banks to adopt Information Systems Outsourcing, analyze the associated risks that IS clients are likely to face and risk management practice in the case of the banking sector in Ethiopia. The researcher used a quantitative research method and as data collecting instrument questionnaires. The findings from this research showed that network service is the major common IS Services' activity that is being outsourced, and ATM maintenance is the second highly outsourced IS services. Website hosts are the third mostly outsourced IS services in the banking sector. Help desk support is the least outsourced services with none of the respondents indicating that their banks are outsourcing the services. Improve service quality was cited by the respondents as the major reason for outsourcing IS services and the second major reason was to access better skill and expertise. Reduce the cost was the least rated of the reason to IS outsourcing. From the findings' access and security risk was major risk that rated by the respondents. The second risks rated by the respondents were loss of control risk, and the third risk was a loss of innovative capacity, i.e. the bank, loss capability of creativity on new things. Reputational risk was the least considered as a risk in IS outsourcing. As risk management in the banks, it was revealed by most of the respondent in the banks have structured risk management procedures or guidelines for the outsourcing of IS in place. Banks have a controlling mechanism to check the performance and service quality of the service provider and also have the procedure that follows to measure the success/failure of outsourced information systems. In the bank, the IS manager has a poor communication to their employees, i.e. the risks they faced or challenged by outsourced IS recognition are not appropriately communicated to employees in the banks. The bank has not a properly process to audit the service provider to assess its compliance with the policies, procedures, security controls and regulatory requirements. Protecting confidential data and access management in the banks was considered to be important, so according to the respondents, there is a high protection of the sensitive data and there were proper access managements are reviewed regularly basis in the banks and the risk that appropriate exit strategies are in place.
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    Knowledge Management Maturity Assessment at Ethiotelecom
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-02-02) Tamene, Kefale; Assefa, Temtim (PhD)
    Nowadays Knowledge is the key asset of an organization for sustainable development, value creation and source of production in this dynamic and competitive environment. This is particularly very essential for business organizations, Ethio telecom. To promote the creation, application and sharing of knowledge in the organization, active participation of different stakeholders in different KM initiatives is very important in managing organizational knowledge. Since ET’s KM was not assessed so far, to sustain, meet customer expectations and be competent to other emerging competitors, measuring the KM practices is essential for the success of the organization and to use the knowledge resources optimally. In addition, through the advancement of technology and knowledge increasing in organizations, knowledge assets need to be managed properly with current technology and user expectation for effective KM establishment. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the KM practices in Ethio Telecom so as to determine the maturity level and show the improvement areas for effective KM in the organization, thereby achieving business objectives. The study used quantitative research method. A survey questionnaire was distributed to 183 employees of which 174 (95.1%) were returned and used for data analysis. The findings of the research showed that the maturity level of ET is at phase 2, 3 and 5, for the three performance indicators namely, people, process and technology, respectively. As a whole, ET is at phase 2 (awareness) of the five phases of maturity levels. This indicates that the organization (ET) has to pay more attention to the people and process performance areas by referring to the questions related to them and make improvement plans in order to achieve the next maturity level. In addition, a formal and systematic way of dealing with knowledge is better which prevents the loss of valuable organizational assets and resources. Furthermore, effective knowledge management will help Ethio telecom to be successful in its business, meet its customer expectation and improve quality decision making. Based on the findings of this study, several recommendations were forwarded that includes KM strategy, policy, KM process, training, awareness and ICT infrastructure to effectively manage organizational knowledge and improve the KM maturity level. In addition, future research areas and directions for the case organization and other industries were suggested.
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    Knowledge Sharing Among Employees of Commercial Banks of Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-10-10) Abebe, Fitsum; Assefa, Temtim (PhD)
    The purpose of this research work was to identify factors influencing knowledge sharing activities in commercial banks of Ethiopia. The research takes place in five commercial banks of Ethiopia. All of the banks are currently in operation. The research units were several departments: Credit Department, Information technology Department, Research and development Department, International Banking Department, Customer service Department, and foreign Department. In this research quantitative research methodology approach applied, and causal research design is used. For the data collection we used the survey questionnaire with a five scale Likert scale. Data was analyzed by statistics methods. The measurement model was assessed and analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with a PLS-SEM application. The results were in line with expectations; organizational and individual factors were very important for employees’ intentions to engage in knowledge sharing activities. Whereas Task characteristics, social relations and technological factors were considered to have a less significant impact on knowledge sharing activities. We suggested several solutions to overcome these barriers in order to improve knowledge sharing activities in the work place.
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    Mining Customs Data for Customer Segmentation: the Case of Ethiopian Revenues and Customs Authority (Erca)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06-04) Tenaw, Sewagegn; Assefa, Temtim (PhD)
    Customer relationship management (CRM) is the overall process of exploiting customer data and using it to increase the revenue generated from an existing customer and attract new customers by creating good relationship with them accordingly. CRM links business processes across the supply chain from back office functions through all touch points, enabling continuity and consistency across customer relationships. On the other hand, customer segmentation is the process of dividing customers into homogeneous groups, where customers within each group are similar to each other and share common attributes. In order to analyze CRM sophisticated data, one needs to explore the data by using different aspects. Data mining is one the newly emerged technology in this endeavor. Data mining finds and extracts hidden knowledge in corporate data warehouses. In this study the applicability of clustering data mining technique to support CRM activities for ERCA has been explored using the CRISP-DM process model approach. After understanding business objective of the authority, different characteristics of the ERCA customers' data were collected from the ERCA's ASYCUDA++ database. Once the customers' data were collected, the necessary data preparation steps were conducted and finally the dataset consisting of 65535 records/instances were employed to develop a clustering model. To segment customers, the k-means clustering algorithm was employed. During the cluster modeling, different experiments were conducted using different cluster numbers (k=4, 5, 6) with different seed values (10, 100, 1000). Then, the one which performed the best was selected. Thus, the model where k=4 and seed size 100 had shown better clustering performance. It enables to cluster the authority's customers into dissimilar clusters of high, medium and low value customer groups with minimum iteration value of 6 and minimum sum of square error (SSE) within clusters value of 2142.82. The results of this study have shown that the data mining techniques are valuable for customer segmentation. Hence future research directions are pointed out to come up with an applicable other data mining technique
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    Predicting Under-Five Children Mortality Using Data Mining Techniques
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-10-11) Tafesse, Hailemariam; Assefa, Temtim (PhD)
    The under-five deaths in Ethiopia represent 48% of all mortality. More than half of the under-five deaths occurred during the first year of life, and 53% of these before 2 months of age. Data mining is a collection of techniques for efficient automated discovery of previously unknown, valid, novel, useful and understandable patterns in large databases. The main objective of this study is to explore the potential applicability of data mining to predict the determinants, levels and pattern of under-five mortality in Ethiopia, particularly for the EDHS-CSA 2016 datasets. This can greatly support for policy makers, planners, and healthcare providers working on the control of under-five children mortality in Ethiopia. The methodology used for this research was a hybrid six-step Knowledge Discovery Process. The required data was received from DHS sites which covering the period 2016. The researcher used two popular data mining algorithms (Random Forest and PART Classifier) to develop the predictive model using a larger dataset (16,650 household). The researcher also used a 10-fold cross validation and 80% split test mode for data mining methods of the two predictive models for performance comparison purposes. The results indicated that the Random Forest is the best predictor with 99.32% accuracy. Thus, the study results reveal that several socioeconomic, demographic and health related variables associated with under-five mortality. This analysis results indicate that the best attributes selected for under-five mortalities are place of residence, household wealth; number of antenatal (ANC) visits, level of education, employment, religion, experience on pregnancy termination, experience on pregnant drug taking, vaccination of child, and size of child are major predictors. Therefore, attention should give to these predictors to reducing the risk of child mortality. The results from this study shows that applying data mining techniques could support in designing a predictive model for determining under-five mortality in Ethiopia. In the future, more classification studies by using a possible large amount of demographic and surveillance dataset records with epidemiological information and employing other classification algorithms, tools and techniques could yield better results.
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    The Role of Knowledge Management Practice and Enablers to Improve Project Performance in a Project Based Organization
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-06-04) Miga, Ayele; Assefa, Temtim (PhD)
    In a project based organization where multiple projects are managed the need to leverage expertise knowledge and experience is essential to prevent from loss of project knowledge and the negative impact that might be created due to lack of systematic knowledge management. This study was conducted with the aim to understand the impact of knowledge management practice on project performance with key strategic enablers at TechnoServe, Ethiopia. Causal research approach was followed to undertake this study and empirical finding shows that joint influence of KM enablers can explain 29.1% of the variance in KM Practice, which in turn explains 35.9% of the variance in project performance. Cultivating the culture of individuals and team to create and build an environment is crucial for KM practice, while attention has to be given for implementing appropriate strategy and technological tools from organizational leaders to enhance knowledge management practice. Knowledge driven management and execution of projects through effective leverage of expertise and experience helps individuals and teams to achieve project constraints and requirements.
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    Usabilty Evaluation of Mobile Banking in Ethiopia the Case of Berhan Bank S.C
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-11-30) Yohannes, Essey; Assefa, Temtim (PhD)
    Although several studies have contributed substantially to the literature on usability evaluation of mobile banking, the findings of most of the studies may not be applicable to other countries like Ethiopia, due to differences in mobile banking development. Due to that, this research is conducted as conformatory research for Ethiopia. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Usability of Mobile banking in Ethiopia: The case of Berhan Bank S.C. The research question of the study is stated as, “What is the level of Mobile banking usability at Berhan Bank?” and “How mobile system usability affects mobile banking adoption at Berhan Bank? “The research model was adopted from Neilsen model and ISO. Also one variable for the model was adopted from SLR of previous research which was conducted from relevant journals and conferences .A quantitative research approach was used to answer the research questions. This study was conducted based on the data gathered from customers of Berhan Bank in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire. Out of 110 questionnaires that have been shared with customers, 94 questionnaires were collected but one of the respondents with no educational background is removed by considering the response may not be valid and he/she may not be able to respond to an online questioner if he/she doesn’t have educational background. The findings of this study show that Berhan Mobile Banking has more usability issues on Trustfulness than efficiency, Effectiveness, and Learnability. But the usability issues on different user categories shows that there are differences between them. The older age has more usability issues on Berhan Mobile Banking than the middle and younger aged user. Having a low IT literacy level has more usability issues than High IT literacy. But being male or female doesn’t have a difference on the Usability issues. The study also confirmed the existence of the influence of trustfulness, effectiveness, and learnability on the adoption of mobile banking.
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    Usage of Open Access Institutional Repositories by Postgraduates Students at Addis Ababa University
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-09) Andargachew, Hiwot; Assefa, Temtim (PhD)
    The rapid development in Information and communication technology (ICT) has broken barriers to information and open a new way for scholars in higher education institutions to communicate and disseminate their research findings. Universities have established open access institutional repositories in an effort to capture research results produced by their students and academics.However there is very limited literature on satisfaction of users towards open access institutional repositories in Ethiopia and userssatisfaction have not beenstudied. The aim of this study isto explore the current level usage and satisfaction of postgraduate students towards open access institutional repositories in Addis Ababa University using a conceptual model adapted by Delone and McLean (2003) and the study of Compeau & Higgins (1995) which focused on variable Self-Efficacy. The study reviewed literature on open access institutional repository anduser satisfaction. A mixed research approachwasused to collect data from respondents. Due to corona virus pandemic,the data was collected by administering online questionnaires based on adapted model and Phone interview.The questionnaire‘s was sent to postgraduate students of AAU via email. Descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis were applied to perform the data analysis. The results fully supported the effect of the quality antecedents‘ towards user satisfaction of postgraduate students. From the quality antecedents,‘ Service quality have been found to be major determinant factor which contributed (34.3%) touser satisfaction of the system. Regarding to behavioral intention information quality and self-efficacy have been found to be statistically significant and information quality has been identified as a dominant factor which contributed(63.4%) to behavioral intention to use the system. Furthermore, userssatisfaction of postgraduate students towards the OAIR system haveshown to be the main factor which contributed(48%) actual usage of the system. Thestudy concludes and recommendsthat the university libraryand other stakeholders includingthemanagement ofthe university should promote the availability and accessibility of thesis and dissertations and related services to make the system better.Furthermore, In order to make the system more usable by users, design modification is a needed. The system should include frequently asked questions section and should be integrated with online help/support services to allow users to obtain materials they are interested in. Keywords: Openaccess, Institutional Repository,Addis Ababa University,User satisfaction, Mclean and Delone model, descriptive statistics, Service quality