Browsing by Author "Teshager Shiferaw"

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    A Comparative Analysis of Journalists’ Safety Challenge in Selected Media: The Case of Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporate, Ethiopian News Agency and Ethiopian Press Agency During 2018-2023
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-05) Samrawit Girma Benti; Teshager Shiferaw
    In recent years, the safety of journalists has emerged as a critical concern worldwide, particularly in regions where press freedom is under threat. This comparative analysis delves into the challenges faced by journalists within the Ethiopian media landscape, focusing on the Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation, Ethiopian News Agency, and Ethiopian Press Agency during the period of 2018 to 2023. By examining the specific dynamics within these organizations, this study aims to shed light on the unique obstacles journalists encounter in their pursuit of reporting the truth and contributing to public discourse in Ethiopia. The main purpose of the study is to analyze journalists’ safety challenge working in selected Ethiopian Public Media organizations, focusing on Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporate (EBC), Ethiopian News Agency (ENA), and Ethiopian Press Agency (EPA) during the period from 2018-2023. The time is selected because of it’s known as reform period regarding to coming to the power of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed (PhD). And it is to explore factors influencing their safety and efficacy in reporting. The research employs a qualitative method to provide a comprehensive understanding of journalists’ experience and perception of safety within Ethiopian Public Media. Based on purposive sampling technique, the Data is collected from journalists working in three public media. Semi structured and In depth individual interviews were applied to collect Data from 12 journalists. That mean four from the three media.The research focus during 2018-2023 because the period was selected because it’s known as the period of ‘reform’ and believes many improvements are shown on journalists’ safety and press freedom. As the political and economy structure changed, the government promises to give more emphasis on building democracy system that enables to give press freedom. Based on this the researcher try to conduct the lived experience of journalists during the period.The finding this study discovered that the safety of journalists who are working in the selected media house are still in problem. Journalists are self censoring them selves because of fear for their safety. The result of study also indicated that the safety of journalists before and after the reform is still in question. journalists in selected Ethiopian Public Media, faced challenges such as harassment, intimidation and self -censorship.
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    Analysis of Newsroom Management: The Case of ETV News Channel
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-06) Mekdes Tilahun ; Teshager Shiferaw
    This study entitled Analysis of newsroom management: the case of ETV news channel, gives analysis on how ETV newsroom operates. Thus the aim of this paper is to examine ETV news channel newsroom management and analyze of the relationship between newsroom management and the final output of news. Qualitative research paradigm has been used as a method of study. Since qualitative research is deemed appropriate to examining words and ideas and as it is helpful to explain complex social phenomena. Accordingly, in-depth interviews, document review and participant observations were conducted. The interviewees were selected purposefully with the intent to engage both genders and all job categories. Moreover, both active and passive participants of the newsroom were also included based on the researcher’s observation. Overall, the researcher conducted the in-depth interview with 10 members of the newsroom including two top managers. The other respondents include three reporters with titles from reporter one to three, four editors and deputy executive editor in-chefs and one news presenter. From these, three of them are female. Each of the interviewee was given an average time of 50 minutes. Being colleague to all the interviewees has in many ways benefited the researcher in the course of the in-depth interviews. The respondents shared their ideas freely and in a friendly manner which enabled the researcher to ask many follow-up questions. Data were also gathered through participatory observation. The researcher noted a single day of the newsroom activity. Starting from the morning editorial conference to the night ETV 57 news show. Issues regarding the newsroom wrote on EBC editorial and content reform document used as data for this research.The major finding of the study indicated that the overall system of the management has an impact on the output of the news channel. Problems in the newsroom started from the government, not the management. There is a huge intervention by the government but not in a formal way. Informal interventions break the system, content, and format of ETV news. On the other major finding of the study, the transition time can take as an example of working with existing infrastructure and show the capacity of managers and journalists at the station. The "transition" time of government gives freedom to the newsroom. The newsroom was working professionally. Bing free from government and government officials’ interference has a contribution to the effectiveness of the newsroom. Based on the analysis, the limited number of editors in the newsroom and the incompetence of the existing ones have affected the work. The fact that income and financial capacity are equally important to content has put a strain on the operation of the newsroom.
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    Assessing Corporate Compliance with Expected Social Responsibly: Ethiopian Construction Works Corporation
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-11) Debalkew Yirdaw ; Teshager Shiferaw
    The aim of the study was to assess the compliance of Ethiopian Construction Works Corporation (ECWC) with expected social responsibility activities. In particular this study has been done with the objectives to identifypeople’sunderstanding of corporate social responsibility, identify the degree of corporate compliance with legal and social responsibility expectations, find out what ECWC has contributed for the betterment of the community andidentify the factors that challenge CSR in the Ethiopian Construction Works Corporation. The study used both qualitative and quantitative research approach. In terms of research strategy the study used case study. To achieve its objectives, the study collected primary and secondary data from different informants in the ECWC and household heads from the beneficiary community by usingquestionnaire,interview anddocument review asdata collection instrument. The researcher used simple random sampling to take 98 employees who are currently working in the ECWC and 43 interviewee household heads. Thus, a total of 141 respondents were used in this study. The data is analyzed using descriptive statistical and content analysis method. The finding of the study shows that CSR is essential part of the corporation, the Ethipopian Construction Works Corporation is aware of the need for CSR implimentation, the reasons for weak implementation of CSR projects are insufficient participation of employees and community, the ECWC is not in line with the sustainable energy concept. In general, CSR projects’ contribution for community development is not as expected.So as to improve the performance of the ECWC: making participatory decisions, community consultation, and mainstreaming sustainability are some suggested possible recommendations to the concerned corporation.
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    Assessing the use of Social Media for Public Relations Activities: the Case of FDRE, Ministry of Agriculture.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-02) Misgana Ayalew; Teshager Shiferaw
    This research paper assesses the use of social media for PR activity in FDRE Ministry of Agriculture. This research paper follows case study approach by which mixed method, qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis, is used. Based on this, a total of 20 employees were selected from the Ministry of Agriculture. Among these selected employees, 15 of them were from different directorates of the Ministry, and 5 of them were from the public Relations and Information Directorate of the Ministry. To conduct the study questionnaires were distributed and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively, in addition in-depth interviews were conducted with staff members of the Public Relations and Information Directorate. The study showed that the Public Relations and Information Directorate of the ministry is using social media for PRs activities, but actively facebook page. The public relations through the social media is helping the ministry to announce and update the public easily without requiring too much time and money to share the updates. The challenges the ministry is facing are lack of awareness from the users including the staff members and the public, and users not sharing informations and updates for others.
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    Assessment on the media framing of the 2021 Ethiopian Election: The case of Addis Zemen and Reporter Newspapers.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-02) Mahlet Haftu; Teshager Shiferaw
    This study focused on assessing the coverage of the Ethiopian election of 2021 by Addis Zemen and the reporter newspapers. Addis Zemen newspaper is a government owned daily newspaper and the reporter is a private owned biweekly newspaper. Qualitative methodology was employed predominantly and purposive sampling was used to take samples from the newspapers. The newspapers issues which were published and circulated during the last two months before polling day and the next two months after polling day. A total of 32 issues were reviewed and 179 election-related news stories and editorials were identified. The units of analysis were news stories, editorials and feature articles from the two newspapers. The sample size was 32, 16 stories which were published before polling and 16 after polling day. As the findings showed, the selected newspapers gave enough coverage for the election. The attribution of responsibility frame was the most dominantly used frame in the two selected newspapers. Human interest frame was the second dominant frame in Addis Zemen newspaper whereas conflict frame is the second dominantly used frame in the Reporter newspaper. Civic society was the dominant source used in the two newspapers. The reporter used international organization as a source of news but Addis Zemen newspaper was not used international organization as a news source. The two newspapers were positively framed and presented the ruling and the opposition political parties. Key words: Framing, Election, Newspapers, Political parties.
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    Audience Participation in Community Radio: Ethiopian Civil Service University’s Community Radio FM 100.5 in Focus
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Dawit Kebede ; Teshager Shiferaw
    The overall objective of the study is to assess Audience Participation in Community Radio Ethiopian Civil Service University’s Community Radio FM 100.5 in Focus. For the effectiveness of the research, efforts have been made to study the Audience Participation activities of Civil Service University Community Radio. The study has methodology which is designed based on mixed approach both qualitative and quantitative approach using survey method. The Respondents were selected using Stratified sampling technique. In addition, different books and documents were revisited to give depth to the research outcome. The researcher has also used democratic participatory media theory in order to examine the Audience Participation in Community Radio. The finding of the study shows that of the audience of the station had no control over CSUCR. They also did not get the chance to fully participate in the production activities. The main factor is that the station did not appreciate audience to participate in program production. It is clear that the CSUCR and the community are not strongly aligned. To conclude, as the finding shows the Audience Participation in CSUCR and the community is not effective.
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    Awareness of AAU students on personalized online news: In terms of credibility and diversity of news sources,
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-03) Felmata Mahammed; Teshager Shiferaw
    People are becoming increasingly reliant on online systems that employ algorithmic curationto organize, select and present information. In the age of digitalization life is full ofalgorithmically recommended news content such as news feeds, recommendations andpersonalizing content recommend. These algorithmically personalization of contents haspotential to influence users’ news consumption behaviors, but users are unaware of theirpresence. This study explored the awareness of AAU students on personalized online medianews in terms of credibility, content, and source diversity. The specific objectives of the studyare to understand awareness of AAU students on the way social media collet user data topersonalize news and prioritize contents, to assess how students judge the credibility of newssources that are recommended automatically on their social media feeds and to assessawareness of AAU students on to what extent they access diverse news content and sources inpersonalized online media. To achieve these objectives, a mixed research design was employedcombining quantitative and qualitative methods to provide a comprehensive understanding ofthe research problem. Also, the study employed a convergent mixed method design, collectingand analyzing both types of data simultaneously. To address the objectives 282 sample sizes ofparticipant surveyed questioners were drawn from total population study selected from variousdepartments and academic years at AAU. Purposive sampling is utilized to select specificparticipants for this research from field of studies given for regular undergraduates, stratifiedsampling techniques was also employed to draw proportional sample size from participantselected using purposive sample by dividing them based on field of study and study years andto different strata and the final participants of the study selected using simple random samplingtechnique. Moreover, in depth interview with set of 8 participants. Key findings from theresearch revealed that while students were generally aware of social media algorithmstracking user activities, they lacked detailed knowledge of the specific types of user datacollected forpersonalizing content. Participants used automatically recommended new usingalgorithm, with varying levels of reliance on personalized news content. Thestudy highlightedthe importance of understanding diverse perspectives and information-seeking behaviorsamong students from different academic backgrounds in personalized news environment. Keywords: Social media algorithm, Personalization, Filter Bubble, Echo chamber, News Feeds, Credibility, News Source Diversity
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    Challenges to the Independence of Journalists in Ethiopian Media: The Case of the Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation (EBC)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-04) Eden Waktole; Teshager Shiferaw
    Journalist independence is critical element to the media's fruitfulness and efficient service to the public. However, journalists independence is influenced by several things in Ethiopia's media landscape. This study is aimed to study the challenges to the independence of journalists in Ethiopian media: The Case of Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation (EBC). Three main research questions were developed in order to achieve the study's objective. What are factors that frontier the independence of journalists, which elements of this Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation to restrain journalists, how the news media influenced the professional freedoms and autonomy of journalists. In this study, a qualitative research approach is employed, using in-depth interviews as a data collection tool. 15 journalists from the Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation were selected as a sample to have an interview with. The interview’s datum was analyzed qualitatively based on the questionnaire for respondents, which was prepared to answer the objective of the study. Ethiopian broadcasting as the government media institution; there are directions from the government side to exert pressure; journalists are not free to choose their own stories, especially on hard news and its sources; criteria for news and source selection are guided by an institution's editorial policy; and there are personal, organizational, and unwritten guidelines. Journalists encounter things like officials' unwillingness to provide information and self-censorship. Generally, journalists at the Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation is not professionally independent. By looking at the overall findings, the study also sketches out the likely useful and theoretical suggestions in the Ethiopian media and journalists’ independence
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    Comparative Media Coverage Analysis of GERD in Ethiopian Herald and Al Aharam of Egypt between February 2019 and August 2020
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-07) Fekadu Wubete ; Teshager Shiferaw
    Abay (called Nile in foreign lands) is the longest river in the world crossing 6,700 kilometers through eleven riparian countries of Africa. Even though Ethiopia is the top most contributor of Nile water, so far, Ethiopia utilizes less than one percent of the potential of Nile for irrigation and hydroelectric power and it is faced with severe drought. However, the issue of water allocation in the Nile Basin has been in quandary, particularly between Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia since Ethiopia launched the construction of GERD on 2 April, 2011. Accordingly, this study has employed comparative document analysis method to identify the difference in coverage of GERD between Herald and Al Ahram newspapers. To this end, the study has judiciously selected 156 samples of articles (78 from each newspaper). The time covers between February 2019 to August 2020 in which GERD diplomacy was uniquely intensified. To this end, mass communication and media coverage theories and explanations are thoroughly discussed. The research employed purposive sampling and qualitative method of investigation. The findings show that Al-Ahram prioritizes coverage of negotiation followed by issues of politics and diplomacy. Nevertheless, it frequently employs coverage of provocation, where as it gives less attention to economic benefit and cooperation aspect of coverage. In the contrary, Ethiopian Herald gives major attention to coverage of cooperation followed by politics and economy. The research showed that the GERD media coverage of the two newspapers in Ethiopia and Egypt is completely contradicting based on their interest to cover. The study has found that Ethiopian Herald and the Egyptian Al Ahram newspapers covered contradicting issues on the issues of GERD negotiation
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    Conflict Reporting in Ethiopian Print Media: The Case of Burayu’s Crisis as Reported By Addis Zemen and Reporter Newspapers
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-04) Eden Amare Ayele ; Teshager Shiferaw
    Media have a vested interest in conflict aiming at resolution or only in conflict. The practice of conflict reporting is a bi-facet challenging task to the media practitioners due to the quest of access to information and impact of a story. The general objective of the study is to examine conflict reporting in Ethiopian print media in focus of coverage of the Burayu crisis in September 2018, in Addis Zemen and Reporter newspapers. To achieve this objective, the researcher tried to address three basic research questions: To what extent the Burayu crisis was reported? How the newspapers framed the Burayu crisis? And how newspapers treat the crisis towards escalating or de-escalating? To address these questions the researcher used political context model and framing theory as a theoretical framework of the study. The study designed a case study research and followed qualitative research method. The news stories and the editorials were subject to the content analysis that is done with the adopted checklist. In this procedure, the researcher found out that the newspapers gave coverage during and after the outbreak of the conflict; the coverage lacks source pluralism in the selection of source of information and the ideas incorporated across the stories. They apparently tried to de-escalate the crisis through the strategy that the government puts a direction on how newspapers behave to handle the issue. In general, the newspapers tried to play their roles as mouthpiece of the government by ignoring their objectivity. Based on these findings, the researcher concluded that the Ethiopian media, both the private and state owned, are not in a position to reveal the truth about conflict and they are serving as an additional wing of the government to restore peace to the spot. Thus, it is recommended that both of the media practitioners should not limit themselves in the spheres of the government structure to access information and they have to think out of the box whereas, the government should try to make them free to investigate the case from the scene that potentially help the government to make the right decision
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    Crisis Communication Strategies During the Covid-19 Pandemic the Case of Ethiopian National Association of the Blind (Enab)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-10) Beshada Obssie ; Teshager Shiferaw
    The main objective of the study was to assess "Crisis Communication Strategies During The Covid-19 Pandemic The Case Of Ethiopian National Association of The Blind (ENAB)". The study examined the participation of blind members in ENAB for their day to day practices of life. The study assessed how ENAB is communicating with blinds in their ways of life as the organization represents blind citizens in the country. The study also have seen the information sharing process, opportunities and challenges for blind members in their ENAB experience. Data was collected using mixed (qualitative and quantitative) methods. Questionnaire, In-Depth Interview and Focus Group Discussion was deployed in the study during May 2021. The findings of the study showed that all respondents 40 (100%) and focus group participants claims there is a gap in communication of ENAB with its members in this crisis situation of COVID 19. Mainly, active members participating in ENAB compound are youths. Most of respondents 67.5%, and FGD Participant members didn’t participate in information sharing with ENAB. The study reveals that ENAB head office is the central hub of communication for blinds from all walks of blinds' life. ENAB has no clear crisis communication strategy in order to handle the corona virus crisis properly. The study shows that most of respondents and FGD participants think ENAB has communication problems and didn’t deliver necessary information to blinds. The study reveals ENAB as an organization has no crisis management teams, plan and strategy to communicate with its members appropriately. The study reveals most respondents and FGD Participants believe that ENAB didn’t perform its duties as they expect to handle corona virus crisis and other issues related to blinds that have to be addressed properly. The study reveals the current handling of corona virus crisis communication of ENAB with blinds have a negative attitude from its blind active members. Members feel doubting and ignored. The study shows respondents and FGD participants claim ENAB has messed them in an initial time of COVID 19 in Ethiopia. Respondents and FGD Participants believe that they are using other information channels to get information about COVID 19. The study revealed that members don’t trust and wait ENAB in crisis time like COVID 19. Finally, despite recognizing the necessity of ENAB for blind citizens; ENAB didn’t perform as much as needed in crisis situations. Therefore, it needs proper crisis communication strategy plan and team in crisis time. More attention and leadership quality is evaluated and necessary in crisis time. Proper supervision, evaluation and capacity building is essential from different stakeholders, ENAB members, researchers, institutions and policy makers.
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    Evaluating External Communication: A Case Study of Ethiopian Athletics Federation with Selected Stakeholders: A Case Study of Paris Olympic
    (Addis Ababa University, 2025-04-20) Tamrat Abera; Teshager Shiferaw
    This research paper Evaluate external communication performance of Ethiopian Athletics Federation with selected stakeholders for last two Years. The study integrates data from EAF resource Mobilizing and communication department, selected athletes and coaches, some sport journalists, Ethiopian Athletics Federation Executive board former members and selected regional Athletics Federation representatives. Based on the data that collected from the stakeholders; the analysis done on the performance of EAF external communication in last two years. This research analyzed by using mixed (Qualitative and quantitative) research design. EAF tools of communication, the methods of communication, Challenges that faced Ethiopian Athletics Federation are illustrated. Out of 37 respondent 35; almost 95% prevailed Face book Social media plat forms and the remaining two preferred Telegram plat forms. The study identifies challenges such as lack of materials, shortage of Professionals, negative attitude towards External communication, lack of Human resources, intention of disobeying rules and regulation of Ethiopian Athlete and Coach selection scales, lack of need to improve external communication appearance and other date are stated on the research. The research also acknowledges the positive decision on Changing to external communication performance for the feature of Ethiopian Athletics Federation on the area of External communication with stakeholders. The findings of the research show that EAF’s Resource mobilizing and communication department last two Years external communication performance is poor. In order to solve such weakness, revising its strategies, minimize its conflict with stakeholders, willing to adapt change and ready to accept the public opinion, working corporately with other departments and federation’s stake holders, changing attitudes towards communication allocating modern media Facilitate and logistics to the department, Solving lack of budget and employed trained professionals, empower to exercise its power freely to maximize the performance of external communication and working with media are some of the recommendation of this research. In general the research reveals that EAF’s external communication practice against selected stakeholders (Athletes, Coaches, Medias and regional federation) is poor.
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    Examining Ownership and Powerful Actors Influence in Reporting Corruption Issues: The Case of Addis Zemen and Reporter Newspapers
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-02) Fekadu Alemu ; Teshager Shiferaw
    Corruption is a worldwide phenomenon which affects the socio-economic development and cause of instability in a given country. The consequences of corruption don’t stop in civil unrest; it also affects other socio-political system including the press freedom. Thus, this study was conducted to examine ownership and powerful actors influence in the print media by focusing on reporting corruption issues. To this purpose, Addis Zemen and Reporter were purposively selected representing the state-owned and the private newspapers respectively. Methodologically, the study employed mixed method approach. The study got the advantage of taking the political economy theory of mass media and propaganda model as its theoretical frameworks. The period of study (April 2016-April 2018) was also chosen purposively since there were several incidents with the connection of corruption issues. Similarly, six informants were selected for an in-depth interview with purposive and convenience sampling technique. Accordingly, the data obtained from content analysis, in-depth interviews with 6 informants and the newspaper’s editorial policy with the review of literature were then corroborated and analyzed together for the sake of triangulation. As a result, the study disclosed that the extent of corruption coverage in both newspapers is given very little attention. Almost 92% of sources were government bodies in their coverage. The newspaper's role was to follow-up and highlighting corruption news of government-issued. They were echoes or instrument of government propaganda. Both newspapers did not initialize any reporting on corruption issues. The study also found that the state-owned, as well as the private owners, were discouraging journalists when there is a trial to produce a reporting in corruption issues or investigations. Even they do not give any protections especially in regards to reporting corruption issues. Government officials were not only badly influencing in the reporting of corruption issues, but also they were denying access to information (information drought), dictating the editorial writings especially in the state-owned Addis Zemen, threatening owners particularly private Reporter and to the extent of life-threatening by government officials. Among corporate institutions; advertisers were directly influencing in corruption reporting. They used criminal defamation and break-up their long-term agreement as a strategy. Real estate owners and NGO’s were affecting the reporting of corruption issues or investigations one way or the other. Others like law enforcement were not also the easiest influencers. For instance, police and anti-corruption agencies mysteriously hide or disappeared corruption cases. Keywords: media Ownership, Powerful actors, Corruption Issues
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    Exploring the Practice of Corporate Social Responsibility in Ethiopian Brewery Industry: The Case of Heineken Ethiopia PLC
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019) Henok Endale ; Teshager Shiferaw
    Currently the Ethiopian beer market is experiencing its biggest growth and transformation. The number of consumers is increasing alarmingly. The main driver for growth are the breweries’ marketing strategy and a growing population. Alcohol related harm to people of any age remains an issue of ongoing concern for the community and a challenging area for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) response by the breweries.The purpose of this thesis is to explore theCSR activity of the brewery industry in the case of Heineken Ethiopia PLC. The research studied what CSR is in the context of Heineken Ethiopia, how Heineken implemented CSR, the benefits and barriers to implement CSR in Heineken and the initiatives that are done by Heineken Ethiopia to promote responsible consumption.The research employed a qualitative research approach, wherein, in-depth interview, focus group discussions (FGDs), document analysis and observations were used as data gathering instruments. The study used qualitative case study research method.With regard to the sampling procedure,twenty one internal and external stakeholders of Heineken Ethiopia were selected for interview using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. The researcher has also conducted three FGDs with farmers who supply barley for Heineken Ethiopia with a total number of eighteen participants. The FGDs have been made for the purpose of triangulation.The study showed that Heineken Ethiopia implements a systematic focused and institutionalized approach to CSR and that the understanding and practice of CSR in Heineken Ethiopia focused on type of CSR that is positively impactful on stakeholders.The study recommended that CSR programs of Heineken Ethiopia should be owned by employees at all level. Besides, the CSR activities of the company should be communicated both in digital media and the mainstream media. Furthermore, Heineken Ethiopia need to engage in serious commitment to promote responsible consumption and protect children from beer promotion. Key words: Corporate Social Responsibility, Brewery Industry, Ethiopia, Heineken Ethiopia
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    Factors Affecting the Framing Agenda in Pre-election: A Study of the 2021 Ethiopian National Elections, with a Focus on the Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-10) Kidist Feyisa; Teshager Shiferaw
    This study examines factors affects the framing agenda employed by the Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation (EBC) during the pre-ection discussions leading up to the 2021 Ethiopian National Elections. Utilizing a qualitative content analysis approach, the research investigates how the EBC framed political narraties,issues and candidates,influencing public perception and political discourse.The study highlight key themes in the coverage,including nationalism,ethnic identity,and democratic process,revealing how these frames served to mobilize support or create skepticism among the electorate. By analyzing the interplay between media framing and political context,this research provides insights into the role of state media in shaping electoral outcomes and the broader implications for democratic engagement in Ethiopia.The findings underscore the importance of understanding media framing in transitional democracies,offering reccomentdations for future electoral voverage and media practices. Key words: Framing, Election, Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation, Political parties
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    Factors Affecting the Framing Agenda in Pre-election: A Study of the 2021 Ethiopian National Elections, with a Focus on the Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-10-05) Kidist Feyisa Shuma; Teshager Shiferaw
    This study examines factors affects the framing agenda employed by the Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation (EBC) during the pre-ection discussions leading up to the 2021 Ethiopian National Elections. Utilizing a qualitative content analysis approach, the research investigates how the EBC framed political narraties,issues and candidates,influencing public perception and political discourse.The study highlight key themes in the coverage,including nationalism,ethnic identity,and democratic process,revealing how these frames served to mobilize support or create skepticism among the electorate. By analyzing the interplay between media framing and political context,this research provides insights into the role of state media in shaping electoral outcomes and the broader implications for democratic engagement in Ethiopia.The findings underscore the importance of understanding media framing in transitional democracies,offering reccomentdations for future electoral voverage and media practices.
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    Framing of Domestic Violence during Covid-19 in Ethiopia: A Comparative Study, the Case of Addis Zemen, Addis Lissan and the Reporter Amharic Newspapers
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-06) Enatnesh Muluken ; Teshager Shiferaw
    The main objective of the study was to analyze how Addis Zemen, Addis Lissan and The Reporter Amharic newspapers framed and covered issues of domestic violence during Covid-19 pandemic state of emergency and schools closure period of time. The study aimed at identifying and analyzing the dominant frames and themes used while reporting on issues of domestic violence in the government and private owned newspapers in comparative perspective. The content analyzed newspapers cover a period from March 16, 2020 to December 06, 2020. The time was from schools closure to opening period out of 455 total publications of the three newspapers 38 articles have been found for the study. Textual analysis and in-depth interview used as a major approach and collecting techniques. The study employed agenda setting and framing theory as the theoretical framework for the study. The selected newspapers coverage of issues of domestic violence applied educative, morality, diagnostic, solution and responsibility attribution dominant frames. The themes of the stories are campaign against domestic violence, seeking societal attitude change towards gender equality, blaming the justice system, victim treatment and perpetrators accountability. Many of the stories of domestic violence had been written in June, May and July appeared on the selected newspapers following Addis Ababa Women, Children and Youths Affairs Office reports of 101 children had been raped by their close relatives including their fathers. In the other months stories of domestic violence are rare on the selected newspapers
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    An investigation of content diversity in the Ethiopian media news: the case of Ethiopian News Agency
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Getnet Alamir ; Teshager Shiferaw
    The purpose of this study is to investigate content diversity in the Ethiopian media news. In order to investigate this diversity, in terms of content, geographical coverage, number of sources and types of news sources, the research attempted to see the stories of five hundred five (505) news items. While quantitative research method was employed for the study, the five hundred five news stories were taken by using systematic random sampling technique. So as to see how these diversities are treated in the Ethiopian media news, literatures related to the topic under study are consulted. Additionally, agenda setting theory is used here as a theoretical framework for the study. The findings depicted that there are regional news coverage disparities. While 40.4 percent of the news stories generated from Addis Ababa, only 0.6 percent of the news stories were generated from Benshangul Gumuz. In relation to content diversity, even though many news topics are touched up on by the news Agency, societal issues, which comprises 16.8 percent of the total news topics are the most frequently covered issues of the Agency. The study revealed that 41 percent of the news stories were produced from official sources. And 23.6 percent of the news stories that comprises the majority of the news items were produced out of a single news source. Regarding to the Agency’s treatment of diversified views and opinions also the study discovered that, diversity of opinions and views are not adequately entertained by the Agency. Finally the study tried to suggest the ways how ENA can proportionally cover all regions of the country and recommend the Agency to come up with diversified opinions and views both its news sources and contents
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    Media Coverage of Covid-19 in Ethiopia: Comparative Analysis of Ethiopian Television and Fana Television
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-07) Kasech Mirressa Waktole ; Teshager Shiferaw
    Considering the importance of media coverage in influencing attitude and knowledge of the public, this study assessed news coverage of COVID-19 in Ethiopia, comparing the coverage of ETV 57 and Fana 90. The major purpose of the study was to explore media coverage and its role in controlling the spread of the COVID -19 pandemic in Ethiopia. Media coverage was analyzed using quantitative and qualitative content analysis approach; in terms of time allocation, frequency of coverage of specific news stories and with regard to how news topics were framed in the two media. The content analysis was supported by key informant interviews with selected experts and officials from the two media. For the content analysis, a total of 70 days news videos (5 days per month for 7 months, for each media); that is, in total 3,885 minutes of news stories were analyzed. Major results indicated that the two media provided good coverage of COVID 19, but ETV gave higher proportion of coverage to COVID-19 related news than Fana Television: i.e., 23% of the total 42 minutes of ETV news than 18% of the 70 minutes news of Fana was allocated to COVID-19 related news. Immediately, after the first COVID-19 cases were reported in Ethiopia, both media - Fana and ETV news - gave high attention for the issue and coverage of COVID-19 related news was very high. However, coverage of COVID-19 news started to decline through time. The focus of the two media shifted from COVID-19 news to other emergencies due to political instabilities and conflicts. Furthermore, analysing the type of frames employed by the media, it is found that news stories of the two media were dominated by constructive framing which accounted for about 64% of the total time allocated for COVID-19 related news, while fear framing accounted only for about 28% the news stories. Constructive framing in total was reported by 111 news stories which is where Fana reported many news stories using constructive frame (57) as compared to ETV (54). The two media contributed in informing and creating awareness towards the pandemic and the public to follow recommended preventive measures. However, the decline in the media coverage through time by both media can also contribute to a declining attention by the public and government towards the disease. Hence, this study, indicating a close relationship between media coverage and the contribution they can play in controlling the spread of the disease, recommends a regular media coverage with well researched understanding of the possible spread and effects of the pandemic.
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    Media Coverage of Human Rights Abuse in Oromia Region, Arsi Zone:
    (Addis Ababa University, 2022-05) Eleni Kifle; Teshager Shiferaw
    This study aimed to assess the media coverage of human rights abuses in Oromia Region, Arsi zone by considering two major state and non-state-owned television channels, ETV & Esat TV, between June 30 - July 15, 2020. It tries to answer the question of how the media covers human right abuses, the challenges journalists face, how their values and priorities influences reports and what the causes of the Arsi zone human right abuses were in the first place. It employed a mixed methods approach using data from primary and secondary data sources. To collect quantitative and qualitative data, a questionnaire was distributed to randomly selected Adamitulu, zeway,& shashemene residents who watch ETV or Esat. For the secondary data, program data from two TV stations were analyzed in terms of the abuses that occurred during the specified period. Findings of the study showed that Esat Eletawi focused on the human rights violations that occurred, while ETV Wektawi focused on Hachallu's death and the government's response. Quantitative scoring of viewers on a 4.0 scale showed that viewers believe the production of each media is unbiased, and ETV scored 1.89 while Esat scored 3.06.The productions examined revealed that Esat's reports included various perspectives in the form of interviews. ESAT dispatched journalists to the areas where the abuses occurred and their productions were primarily focused on the victims by questioning respective bodies about why they had done so little to mitigate the situation. In general, it is agreed that the non-state media Esat, in its Eletawi program has reported human rights abuses far better than the state-owned ETV, during the research timeline.