Food Security Studies

Permanent URI for this collection

http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/15

Browse

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

Assesments of the Contributions and Challenges of School Feeding Nutrition Program in the Government Primary School; the Case of Mekane Hiwot Primary School Yeka Subcity of Addis Ababa
(Addis Ababa University, 2022-07) Berhanu Getahun; Abebe Haile (PhD)
Before the first official school feeding was started by Yeenat Weg, there was a fragmented school feeding by individuals, teachers, organizations and non-governmental communities with reduced coverage. The aim of the study was to assess the contributions and challenges of school nutritional content to children's academic performance and the educational focus in school. This study was conducted in the Yeka sub-city of Addis Ababa, which is the Mekane Hiwot elementary school. To conduct this study, an interview with key informants, FGD, was conducted and a questionnaire was distributed to collect the data. Many challenges emerged from the results, such as lack of awareness, especially on the part of the private sector, financial constraints, allocating money to feed a child does not take into account the current market situation, physical capital; unavailability of feed materials, feeding room, power outages, lack of access to water, policy challenges; no clear policy on tax administration and payments for poor cooks, stakeholder participation is insignificant compared to the needs of needy students. In particular, government sponsored SF started spontaneously without adequate planning and preparation. Although there are many threats to stop school feeding, the students are very happy they do not hesitate to stop school feeding.
Assessment Of Association Between Under 5 Years Childrens’ Acute Malnutrition And Household Access To Water And Sanitation Service And Hygiene Practice: A Case-Control Study In Yeka , Lemi Kura and Kirkos Sub Cities , Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-03) Bisart Molla; Abebe Haile (PhD)
The study aims to examine the association between U-5 years children’s severe acute malnutrition and household access to water and sanitation service and hygiene practice in Kirkos, Yeka, and Lemi Kura Sub-Cities of Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Community based unmatched case-control study design was deployed to assess the relationship of severe acute malnutrition with water, sanitation, hygiene and other associated factors among under five children. Using systematic random sampling technique, a total of 296 under five children were enrolled from July 3 to August 30, 2023. Bi-variable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was done using SPSS version 21 to identify water, sanitation and hygiene factors associated with severe acute nutritional. Statistical significance was declared at P-value < 0.05. Water treatment [AOR:1.98,95%CI (1.152-3.413)], child hand washing after defecation [AOR:2.95, 95%CI (1.246-6.973)], marital status of the guardian [AOR: 3.57,95%ci (1.23-10.39)]and adequate breast milk [AOR: 2.05, 95 %CI (1.18-3.56)] were determinant factors significantly associated with child severe acute malnutrition. Thus, water treatment and hand washing after defection were the major water, sanitation, hygiene related factors statically associated with severe acute malnutrition. House hold water handling and treatment, proper child handing and continues behavioral change intervention on hygiene practice are recommended along with nutritional interventions.
Assessment of Nutritional Status of Under Five Children in Burayu Town, Oromia Special Zone, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-09-20) Alemu Tesfaye; Abebe Haile (PhD)
Background: Under nutrition is decreased subsequently in these two decays but still the major community health problem in the world especially in developing nations like Ethiopia. In Ethiopia child under nutrition is the common most concern of community health problems. In Oromia region malnutrition is serious public health issues as we told above Burayu town is vulnerable to malnutrition there is common cause of under nutrition in the study area. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the assessment of nutritional status of underfive children in Burayu town to assess the malnutrition problems. Materials and methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was employed to collect data from 202 households in six Kebeles using structured questionnaires. Different characteristics of the households were investigated along with and household food insecurity access scale. The data was entered into Epi info and exported to SPSS.v.25, for descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression and multivariate regression analysis. Anthropometric measurement of children was conducted using WHO anthro v.3.2.2 software to generate Z-scores. Result: The result of multivariate analyses revealed that maternal educational status, father education, monthly income, type of latrine and household food insecurity assessment scale are significant for stunting, Monthly income and private well significantly associated with malnutrition wasting and they‟re not get association with underweight. The findings of this study revealed that the prevalence of stunting of children is 13.86%, wasting 8.91% and underweight 4.95% respectively. Conclusion and recommendation: The Prevalence of stunting and wasting among children aged 6-59 months is relatively lower than national and regional but underweight is lower than national and regional prevalence. Malnutrition puts important burden on under five children in Burayu town. Oromia regional government, Burayu town administration and Burayu Health Institution and local nongovernmental organization should design effective nutritional and household food address on household child with stunting; wasting and underweight is a vital task for the community to reduce malnutrition.
Assessment of the Current Status, Challenges and Opportunities for Small & Medium Scale Edible Oil Processors in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-11) Masresha Yimer; Abebe Haile (PhD)
This study was carried out with the objective to review the current policies, regulations and practices, current status in the small and medium enterprises (SME) edible oil sub sector, and identify the challenges as well as opportunities for the SME edible oil processing sub sector in Addis Ababa (A. A.), based on a descriptive research design, & using quantitative and qualitative data, from the SME edible oil processors, key informants, pertinent governmental regulatory and support institutions, & Advocacy groups/Associations, by applying the (input-market) value chain approach. The findings of the study indicated that the demand for edible oils was met predominantly through imported palm and non-palm edible oils and insignificant domestic edible oil supply, and distributed through shemachoch retail outlets and private retail shops, and characterized by serious availability and accessibility challenges for consumers in A. A. The major current policies, regulations & practices, challenges and opportunities across the input-market chain of the SME edible oil sub sector in A. A. were assessed & analyzed. The identified major challenges facing the SME edible oil processors in Addis Ababa included: the significantly weakened current status of the SME edible oil processors; edible oil related policies, regulations and practices biases & resulting market distortions, such as import duty and VAT exempted huge import and distribution of palm edible oil, focus of support towards large scale processing; application of VAT tax system on domestic edible oil supply; limitations of palm edible oil in proper household targeting and existence of distribution malpractices, high export orientation of oilseed crops; regulatory requirement for refining of edible oils; the raw material supply (shortages, quality related problems and rising oilseed crops prices), significantly low capacity utilization, much lower than 50%; significant lack of SME edible oil-dedicated technical training, capacity building and related supports and incentives, as well as processing technology & access to financing & infrastructural challenges, …, resulting in the SME edible oil processors’ marginalization and becoming the ‘missing middle’. The identified opportunities included: increasing population, huge domestic consumer demand, economic growth, well-developed experience in A. A. in SME edible oil processing, marketing and consumption in A. A.; Ethiopia as a major grower, and origin, of some of the oilseed crops & its conducive agro ecological condition for oilseed crops production, and overall government policy and commitment for agriculture and agro processing investments. Finally, the study identified recommendations and strategies for action, including implementing institutions, in order to address the pressing lack of SME edible oil dedicated policy support & incentives, edible oil processing, and food safety and quality management capacity building supports, and a conducive overall business enabling environment to enable SMEs in A. A. to survive and grow, and contribute to sustainably increase edible oil availability in A. A., to ensure accessibility at the household level, and to attain adequate food utilization in edible oils at the individual level in A. A., thereby also contributing to the import substitution effort in the country.
Determinants of Dietary Diversity Practices among pregnant women Attending Antenatal Clinic at St. Paul Hospital Millennium medical College, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2022-06-05) Medhin Belay; Abebe Haile (PhD)
Background: Pregnant women have been deemed vulnerable to malnutrition due to their higher nutrient demands; therefore, dietary diversification has gotten a lot of attention. As a result, a wide variety of foods must be included in their diet to ensure that their nutritional intake is appropriate. There has been no research on dietary variety in the study area. Objective: To identify determinants of dietary diversity practice among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Ethiopia Methods: A cross-sectional study will be conducted among 316 pregnant women in Ethiopia's St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College. A systematic sampling method was used. The data was collected using an interviewer-administered, structured, and modified questionnaire. Epi Data version 3.1 was used to enter the data, while SPSS version 21 was used to analyze it. The study subjects' Socio-demographic, obstetric, and nutrition-related variables were described using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages. To find related factors, multivariate logistic regression was used. With a 95 percent confidence interval, statistical significance was assessed at P- value of < 0.05. Results: The study revealed that, 68.04% of the study participants had adequate dietary diversity. The result showed that women’s husband attended primary (AOR: 9.8; 95%CI: 6.5, 13.4), secondary (AOR: 10.2; 95% CI: 7.5, 15.2), college and above (AOR: 12.3; 95%CI: 9.4, 16.2) compared to non-educated one results a higher odd of adequate dietary diversity. Women receiving nutritional related health information (AOR: 2.44; 95%CI: 1.31, 4.53), food secure house hold (AOR: 2.68; 95% CI: 1.58, 6.28), women having greater or equal to 5 meals per day had a higher odd of adequate dietary diversity. Conclusion and recommendation: According to the findings, total consumption of acceptable dietary diversity is low in the research area. Increased meal frequency, nutritional advice, educated husbands, and secure households all contribute to pregnant women's adequate intake of a diverse diet. Dietary counseling during pregnancy has been highlighted as a way to enhance pregnant women's nutritional practices.
Effect of Postharvest Loss of Fruits and Vegetables on Consumers and Retailers Food Security during Retail at Lafto Fruit and Vegetable Market Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2023-10) Kalkidan Fekadu; Abebe Haile (PhD)
The study amid to determine effect of postharvest Loss of Fruits and Vegetables during Retail at Lafto Fruit and Vegetable Market Addis Ababa, Ethiopia’. One third of all food produced on the planet and about a half of all fruit and vegetables are lost and not consumed. A crosssectional study was undertaken among 354 retailers and consumers. Simple random sampling technique was employed for selection of consumers attending the market and retailers were selected by systematic sampling, interviewed to obtain quantitative data on demographic and socioeconomic variables, factors associated with post -harvest and food security behaviors. Both descriptive statistics and econometric analysis were applied using SPSS version 20 software. Furthermore, chi-square was done to explore the association between the predictor factors and post -harvest loss of fruit and vegetables. Also ordered logistic regression was used to determine the significance of food security with variables. The study finding showed that 53.2% retailers were food secured which indicate retailers were more food secure than consumers 47.9%. The finding of ordered logistic regression revealed that those who faced the postharvest lost were 12.355 times more likely to be moderately food in secured as compared to being food secured (AOR=12.355; 95%CI = 2.312 - 66.025, Pvalue=0.003). In addition to this, both the retailors and customers who had less amount of household income were found to be 1.0001 times more likely to be moderately food in secured as compared to that of food secured study participants. Based on the finding of this study working on reduction of post -harvest loss of fruit and vegetables were very important to enhance the food security status of both consumers and retailers.
Food Security and Malnutrition among Children with Selected Chronic Illness on Follow up at St. Paul’s Hospital, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-06) Abenezer Admasu; Abebe Haile (PhD)
Children living with chronic disease are at risk for food insecurity but evidence about food insecurity status and its predictors is scarce in this group of population, particularly developing countries like Ethiopia. As a result, the objective of this study was to assess the food security of malnutrition among children with chronic disease on follow up at St. Paul Hospital Millenium Medical College. A Cross-sectional study was conducted from Jan 1 to June 1, 2024 G.C. Data were collected when the patients came for follow up from both the patient/ care taker and chart. Anthropometric data at the time of diagnosis and on follow up were taken from the chart and current anthropometries were measured as per the standard protocol. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS 27 and it was subjected to both descriptive and inferential statistics. Accordingly, 332 out of the 414 children with chronic diseases (80.2%) suffer from food insecurity in their respective household. But 319 (77.1%) of them were mild. Only 13 (3.1%) of them suffer from moderate food insecurity. Children with chronic disease who were severely stunted, severely underweight, and severely wasted accounted for 143 (34.5%), 95 (22.9%), and 45 (10.9%) of the participants, respectively. Overall, any kind of stunting, underweight, and wasting was found in 44.9%, 39.8%, and 18.4% of the cases, correspondingly. Though there was no variable significantly associated with food insecurity and malnutrition was higher in children with diabetes (86.5%) and RVI (81.5%). The levels of food insecurity, stunting, underweight, and wasting were higher in children with chronic diseases than the general child population. Therefore, health professionals should be trained to identify food insecurity and malnourishment in under-five children with chronic illnesses and should advise caretakers on nutrition.
Undernutrition and Intestinal Helminth and Protozoan Parasites among Primary School in Lideta Sub City, Addis Ababa
(Addis Ababa University, 2021-11) Eyuel Bekele; Abebe Haile (PhD)
Undernutrition and Intestinal helminthes and protozoan parasitic infection have been reported to affect the physical growth, cognitive development, and the general health status of schoolchildren. Nevertheless, data are scarce regarding their effect on the overall Intestinal parasitic status and nutrition of schoolchildren Ethiopia. To assess these effects, a school based cross-sectional study was conducted on 350 schoolchildren; seven primary school in lideta sub city. The data were conducted between March one to April 25 202, data were gathered on the socio-demographic, environmental and sanitation, Anthropometry and laboratory findings this conditions of the selected primary school of the study participants through standardized structured questionnaire by interview. Fresh stool samples were collected and processed by formalin 10ml in 10%, Normal saline and used Olympus biological microscopic to examine Intestinal parasitic infection. Anthropometric measurements: weight, height and body mass index were analyzed using WHO (2007) anthro plus software. SPSS statistical software version 24 was used for data analysis and P-value 5 members (AOR=2.25, 95% CI: 1.12-4.5) The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitosis was 19.7% (95% CI: 15.7-24.3), The risk of parasitic infection was significantly increased among students with age group 6-11 (AOR=0.27; 95% CI: 0.09-0.81), student parents with income less than 3000(AOR=10.5; 95% CI: 3.96-12.23), water drinking from splash( filtered) (AOR=0.13 95% CI: 0.04-0.39), washing their hands regularly after vesting latrine(AOR=5 95% CI: 2.37- 13.06), untrimmed fingernails (AOR=4.37; 95% CI: 1.89-10.11), eating regularly uncooked and unwashed fruit and vegetables (AOR=3.92; 95% CI:1.48-10.33) and (AOR=3.7; 95% CI:1.47- 9.44. While, the prevalence of undernutrition and intestinal parasitic infection was higher among school-age children and revealed that undernutrition and intestinal parasitic infection were significantly associated in lideta sub city. The results need integrated and strengthening strategies to preventive and curative undernutrition and intestinal parasites.

Browse

Browsing Food Security Studies by Author "Abebe Haile (PhD)"

Results Per Page

Sort Options