Veterinary Pathology

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http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/213

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Browsing Veterinary Pathology by Author "Bulto Giro"

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    A Clinic-Pathological Study, Lesion Characterization and Financial Loss Due to Fasciolosis and Hepatic Necrobacillosis in Cattle Slaugthered at three Municipal Abbatoirs of Central Ethiopia
    (2020-06) Wondimu Hika; Bulto Giro
    The study was conducted from October, 2019 to May, 2020 by using cross-sectional study design to assess a clinic-pathological, lesion characterization, and financial loss due to fasciolosis and hepatic necrobacillosis in cattle slaughtered at three municipal abattoirs of central Ethiopia. Sixty cattle were selected using systematic random sampling for this study, from which blood samples and liver tissue of the same animals were collected before and after slaughter, respectively. Tissue sampling for bacterial culture and histopathology were collected from the infected liver. Post-mortem inspection results, 41.6% (25/60) gross pathologic lesions, of these, 20% (12/60) were mixed infection of liverfluke and Fusobacterium necrophorum while 8% (5/60) and 13.3% (8/60) of the infections were due to Fusobacterium necrophorum and liverflukes alone, respectively. The histopathologic examination of the affected livers indicated heavy infiltration of inflammatory cells, biliary cirrhosis and extensive fibrous of connective tissue proliferation in the hepatic capsule. The hematological assay results indicated that PCV, Hb, and RBC’s were lower in the infected cattle while, the WBC’s (Eosinophilia, Neutrophilia, Monocyte, and Lymphocyte) were higher. The biochemical analysis of blood samples from the infected cattle showed that the liver enzymes AST, ALT, and ALP were significantly higher in animals with hepatocyte degeneration. The estimated financial losses due to liver condemnation by fascioliasis and hepatic necrobascillosis were 1,747,200 ETB/ ($56361.3) annually. Therefore, the study concluded that the liverflukes and infections due to Fusobacterium necrophorum are the major problems of cattle slaughtered at the selected abattoirs of the study areas. Thus, corrective measures and further investigations are recommended to lessen economic loss from fasciollosis caused liver condemnation.
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    Pathological Study on Clinically Sick, Dead and Slaughtered Chickens In and Around Bishoftu, Ethiopia
    (2019-06) Waktola Taddesse; Bulto Giro
    In Ethiopia, the contribution of poultry production to small holder farmer and country economy is still restricted by various factors mainly due to infectious and non-infectious diseases. To contribute to this end a case study with a purposive sampling was conducted from October, 2018 to May, 2019 in and around Bishoftu on the 135 chickens (25 clinically sick, 10 dead and 100 slaughtered chickens) which aimed to investigate clinical signs, necropsy findings and histological lesions with isolation of bacterial agents and finally correlate the results with the problems. In the present study, all of the clinically sick chickens were found with at least two of the major clinical signs recorded and 24 (96%) of them were clinically depressed with diarrhea, respiration problems, discharges, decrease in egg production, retarded growth, paralysis and other signs frequently. By necropsy findings, the presence of gross lesions were examined in terms of consistency, texture, shape, size and color of organs in all cases and the main gross lesions recorded included mild to severe hemorrhage and congestion, severe and diffused necrosis, ulceration/necrosis, abnormal size and discoloration, nodules on the organs, ascites and fibrinous inflammation in different organs of the examined chickens. Among the examined organs grossly, the most affected organ was liver, 106 (78.5%) followed by caecal tonsil, 25 (71.4%), trachea, 22 (62.9%), duodenum, 20 (57.1%), jejunum and air sacs, 19 (54.3%) of both. Corresponded to these gross lesions, the major histopathologic lesions recorded were mild to severe infiltration with polymorpho nuclear and mono nuclear cells, mild to severe congestion, hemorrhages and necrosis, massive depletion of lymphoid tissues, development of cysts, sloughed mucosal epithelium, edema and degenerative changes. Moreover, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus, from most to least, were isolated and Coccidia oocytes were also identified by microscopic examination. The correlation of the overall results of the present study identifies the presence of infectious diseases as the main constraints hampering the productivity and reproductively of the chickens in the study area which needs long term solution based on the scientific investigation.