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Browsing Population Studies by Author "Belete, Habtamu (PhD)"
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Item Contraceptive Use Among Urban and Rural Women in Debre Tabor Town Administration, South Gondar Zone, Amhara Region(Addis Ababa University, 2009-06) Abegaz, Alemu; Belete, Habtamu (PhD)The obj ective of the study is to examine the levels of contraceptive use of women of childbearing age in Debre Tabor Town administration, South Gondar zone, Amhara Region The contraceptive use of 630 (296 sub-urban and 334 urban) women of childbearing age (15-49 years) and some correlates of contraceptive use in the study area have been dealt. The main rationale of the study includes assessing and determining the level of contraceptive use and the reasons for use and non-use of cOl1lraceplive methods and provides institutions with opportunities for inteervention in contraceptive lise. The sllldy is cross-sectional study design employing both quantitative and qualitative methods. The current contraceptive use of the study area is 34.3 % (38.02% for the urban residents, 30.07% for the sub-urban residents) whereas the ever use of contraceptives was 39. 7%. Current contraceptive lise by age indicates that there is high contraceptive use in the age group 25-34 years compared to 15-24 and 35 + age groups. In addition, the main results of the chi-square test and binOlY logistic model revealed that contraceptive use is significantly affected by the number of living children, desire for more children, educational level of women, work status of women and media exposures. The knowledge of any method of contraceptive was 94%. The commonly used methods of COl1lraceptives in the study area include injectables followed by pills, condoms and nO/plants for women The two main purposes of using contraceptives include spacing for children (50%) and limiting for children (33.3%) and other reasons (16. 7%).Spacing dominates over limiting. The most important reasons for non-use include method related reasons followed by fertility related and opposition related reason of the total non-users reasons. On the part of the conclusion, women as a whole have low contraceptive use. Finally,the recommendations of the study forwarded include promotion of lEC, provision of forums, debates, trainings, workshops, discussions, experience sharing, educating women and providing option for women, providing education on the benefits of small family size and family planning, and enhancing females decision making and autonomy.Item Determinants of Unmet Need for Family Planning Among Currently Married Women in Kobbo Woreda, North-East of Amhara(Addis Ababa University, 2009-06) Molla, Getahun; Belete, Habtamu (PhD)The level of unmel need for FP for Africa is Ihe highest of all continenls of the world. Besides ils importance in meeting demographic goals, meeting the need of wOlI/en with ullmel need is believed to protect women from the health risk of unwanted pregnancy and provides them Ihe opportunity 10 improve their own lives. The objective of the study was to examine the underlying facial's of unmet need for fa lllily planning among currently married Wall/en of reproductive age in Kobbo woreda. A community based cross sectional study was employed. A multi-stage sampling procedure was carried oul 10 interview 692 women in Ihe sludy area. Quantitative as well as qualitative data were obtained using struclured questionnaires, focus group discussions and key informants interview. Univariate, bi-variate and multivariate technique were used in the analysis. Demographic, socio-econolllic and family planning variables were used as explanatOlY variables while the dependent variable is ulllnet need for family planning. Most women 681 (98. 4%) knew 01 least one modern FP method. Aroulld 58% of wall/en have never discussed wilh husbands about issues concerningfamily planning. It is also indicated thai 52.6% of women have never discussed with health workers and 47.4% of women have discussed with health workers at least once in the past three 1II0nths. Regarding Ihe need status fur family planning, 47.3% of women have unmet need for family planning and 38% of women have met Iheir need (currenlly using contraceptives). Unmet need for family planning is highest among women who are in the early reproduclive age (I5-24), who have no educQ(ion, live in rural areas, who got nWI-ried before the legal age at first marriage «18), have more number of living children (5 and above), have no or /illie knowledge of FP and have never discussed FP issues with their husband and health workers. Age at first marriage, number of living children, spousal discussion and discussion with health workers abouL family plwllIing were fO l11ld to be the most ill/portanl detenninanlS of I/Umetneedforfall/ily planning in the study area. The study recommends that integrated falllily planning information, education and communication programs and stralegies aiming at encouraging comillunication between couples, changing husband's altitude and their active involvement in the program; expand access to family planning services in rural areas and ill/prove contraceptive method mix could possibly help to address wOlllen wilh In,,net need. Moreover, discussion of women with health workers, particularly heallh extension workers, and improving age at marriage could effectively reduce the level of III/met need.Item Determinants of Willingness to Utilize Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV Among Pregnant Women in Addis Ababa(Addis Ababa University, 2010-06) Shiferaw, Tsion; Belete, Habtamu (PhD)Mother to child transmission of HIV (MTCT) is the major source of HIV infection among children under the age of 15 years. This can occur during pregnancy, labour and delivery, or breast/eeding. Interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission of the HIV virus (PMTCT) are now an important part of HIVIAIDS reduction programs worldwide. In Ethiopia the PMTCT program was first launched in 2003 and is being scaled up across the country. The P MTCT program was launched in Addis Ababa in 2004 with an opt-in approach then shifted in to an opt-out approach since August 2006. The objective of this study is to assess willing to utilize the PMTCT services and to identify determinants of the PMTCT service utilization in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study which employed both quantitative and qualitative data collection method was conducted from March to April 2010 in Addis Ababa from the selected hospitals. For the quantitative section, a standardized questionnaire was prepared while Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and key informants interview were conducted to collect qualitative data. A total of 650 pregnant women in five hospitals in the city participated in the study. The collected data were edited, entered, cleaned and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multi variate analysis with SPSS version 16. The finding revealed that, the mean age of the respondents are 25.5 years, 53.1% of the respondents were willing to utilize the P MTCT service. The reasons given by the pregnant women for not willing 10 utilize the PMTCT service were found to be; they did not believe that ARV prophylaxis is effective, lack of knowledge,fear of being identified as P LWHA by people, their husbands were not willing to utilize the P MTCT service and religiOn/cultural reasons. Around 70% had enough knowledge about the PMTCT service. Regarding partners ' attitude 68.9% of the husband had positive attitude aboUl the utilization of the PMTCT service., 46.3% percent of pregnant women who discussed with their husband about the existence of PMTCT service and Educational status and family monthly income were positively associated with willing to utilize PMTCT service. Based on the above findings, women should be empowered through education, PMTCT programs should give emphasis on involvement of male partners, intensive education to both pregnant women and their partners on prenatal HIV transmission, improvement of health service (delivery and antenatal care) and stigma and discriminations should be addressed through strong information, education and communication.