Studies on Salivary Gland Hyperplasia Virus (SGHV) Transmission In Glossina Pallidipes Colony Using Conventional and Molecular Techniques
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Date
2007-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
In Ethiopia five species of tsetse flies were recorded from different parts of the
country. Glossina pallidipes is one of the five species which cause a fatal disease to
human and animal. Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) as a component for tsetse fly
control and eradication programme is one of the successful techniques in some
insect pest eradication programmes. However, the presence of salivary gland
hyperplasia virus affects the application of SIT technique in tsetsecontrol as it
limits the mass rearing activity. It is widely accepted that tsetse plays host to
salivary gland hyperplasia virus. This study mainly focused on virus free line
establishment and the antiviral drug treatment using more than 1800 G.pallidipes
Tororo and 3072 G. pallidipes Arbaminch strains. Prior to the large scale
experiments, two preliminary surveys were done on virus free line establishment
and antiviral drug treatments. All experiments were analyzed using PCR,
dissection and QPCR methods. The preliminary survey on the investigation of
the virus free line by dissection showed that 4.45% male flies and 3.09% of female
flies were positive for salivary gland hyperplasia, whereas in PCR analysis 95% of the
flies were positive for SGHV. In the virus free line establishment a total of 920 female
flies were taken by randomly and 13.04% were selected by PCR as positive or negative
flies for salivary gland hyperplasia and two out of 120 female flies died. Among
120 flies, 26.7% male and 15% female including the dead flies were negative and
35.8% female and 22.5% male flies were positive by PCR. All screened flies were
grouped into four groups as Virus free line I, II, III and IV. In the preliminary
survey of the antiviral drug, female flies treated with valacyclovir treated flies
produced more pupae than acyclovir treated flies. In the main experiment of the
antiviral drugs valacyclovir treated flies showed no significant difference P>.072.
But, acyclovir and control showed significant difference P<.000 and P<.005 at
P=0.05, respectively.
Key words: Glossina pallidipes, SIT, Salivary gland hyperplasia virus, virus free
line, Trypanosomosis
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Keywords
Glossina Pallidipes, Salivary Gland Hyperplasia Virus, Virus Free Line, Trypanosomosis